会计准则国际趋同度量、趋同路径与模式及执行效果研究述评

会计准则国际趋同是经济全球化背景下会计国际化的集中体现,各国政府、学术界、企业界都高度关注与国际财务报告准则的趋同性,近年来也取得了快速的发展。文章着重梳理了会计准则趋同评价、趋同度计量模型、会计准则趋同路径与模式,以及会计准则执行效果等方面的研究成果,并结合实务与理论发展动态,进行了系统整理评析,以期有助于会计准则持续趋同与有效执行的进一步研究。     

上市公司执行新会计准则的财务影响及存在的问题

为了规范会计工作,提高企业会计信息质量,总结上市公司自2007年1月1日执行新会计准则以来的经验,以更好地实现我国会计准则的国际趋同,本文对就上市公司执行新会计准则有关问题予以分析。     

A+H股煤炭上市公司境内外会计准则差异分析与研究

随着经济全球化深入发展,中国企业会计准则实现了与国际财务报告准则的实质性趋同,中国内地也与香港确认两地会计准则等效互认。虽然境内外会计准则已实现实质性趋同,但在实际执行过程中,尚存在执行差异的问题。本文以同时在A+H股上市的煤炭公司为例,研究分析煤炭企业因专项储备政策而产生的境内外会计准则差异,指出企业在成本管理、固定资产计价及税务管理等方面存在的问题,提出了取消煤炭行业专项储备提取政策的建议。     

中国会计准则国际趋同研究综述和评价

2006年财政部发布了新的会计准则体系,标志着我国会计准则和国际财务报告准则实现了实质性的趋同。本文就中国会计准则趋同问题的研究文献作综述和评价,以期有助于加深对国际趋同的了解和认识。     

会计准则国际趋同的演化博弈分析

<正>一、引言会计准则国际趋同应避免国际间会计交流存在的差异;要想进一步加快我国会计准则国际趋同步伐,前提条件是从差异入手,深入分析与研究我国会计准则与国际会计准则间的差异,并制定有效的解决措施,实现会计准则国际趋同目标,同时,还要对会计准则国际趋同的演化与博弈情况加以全面的分析。二、会计准则国际趋同与国际会计准则间存在的差异及其解决措施(一)我国会计准则概念框架与国际会计间的差异在编制国际会计准则过程中,会在一个会计框架基础上     

我国会计准则变革研究

会计准则变革是我国社会发展经济的需要,本文阐述了我国会计准则的变革内容,以及与国际会计准则的趋同和差异,并针对存在的差异提出了促进我国会计准则国际趋同的对策。     

对中国会计准则国际趋同的认识与思考

2010年4月2日,财政部发布了《中国企业会计准则与国际财务报告准则持续趋同路线图》。路线图的发布标志着中国会计准则与国际初步实现了实质性趋同,推动我国在深化会计改革进程中迈出重要的一步。本文通过回顾中国会计准则的发展进程,分析会计准则国际化趋同对我国的意义和影响,对比中国会计准则与国际会计准则的差异,对会计准则国际化趋同带来的问题进行全面思考。     

新会计准则对上市公司的作用

2006年2月15日国家财政部发布的新会计准则已于2007年1月1日起率先在上市公司执行。新会计准则的颁布和执行适应了当前经济发展的形势,特别是适应了经济全球化、资本市场一体化以及会计准则国际趋同的形势,因此对上市公司无论是从内部或是外部均产生了深远的影响。首先,从公司外部情况看,执行新会计准则后财务会计信息相     

会计准则的演进和盈余管理

随着经济全球化的不断深入,各国经济逐步融合,国内外会计准则的趋同成为必然,中国于2006年发布《企业会计准则》(新准则)以适应新经济形式下的发展。会计准则与盈余管理相互联系、相互作用,会计准则既能约束盈余管理,又为盈余管理提供基础。文章从存货、资产减值、企业合并三个会计准则出发探讨了新旧会计准则的变化对盈余管理的不同影响,认为新会计准则更大程度上缩小盈余管理的空间,并从会计准则的制定与执行、外部监督以及内部控制三方面对盈余管理的规范提出了合理化建议。     

会计准则的演进和盈余管理

随着经济全球化的不断深入,各国经济逐步融合,国内外会计准则的趋同成为必然,中国于2006年发布《企业会计准则》(新准则)以适应新经济形式下的发展。会计准则与盈余管理相互联系、相互作用,会计准则既能约束盈余管理,又为盈余管理提供基础。文章从存货、资产减值、企业合并三个会计准则出发探讨了新旧会计准则的变化对盈余管理的不同影响,认为新会计准则更大程度上缩小盈余管理的空间,并从会计准则的制定与执行、外部监督以及内部控制三方面对盈余管理的规范提出了合理化建议。     

Measuring the convergence of national accounting standards with international financial reporting standards: The application of fuzzy clustering analysis

A single set of accounting standards is considered the path to achieving accounting convergence globally. Given the important role that formal harmonization/convergence plays in the accounting profession and global capital markets, this study focuses on the methods and methodology for the measurement of formal accounting convergence. Based on our review and evaluation of the existing methods for measuring the level of harmonization/convergence between any two sets of accounting standards, we propose using a new method of matching and fuzzy clustering analysis to assess the convergence progress of national accounting standards (NAS) with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) from whole and single standards, respectively. Single standards are clustered according to their convergence level, which may indicate further convergence emphasis. As an illustrative example, the achievements made in China are evaluated using this new method. The results reveal that this new method can measure the convergence level of NAS with IFRS more clearly and informatively.     

会计制度变迁、机构持股与上市公司业绩的实证研究

文章主要在于考察会计制度变迁前后,机构投资者对持股上市公司业绩的影响.我们发现,总体而言,2007年新会计准则实施前后,机构投资者持股与上市公司业绩都是正相关,不存在差异.但是,在分年度样本中,新会计准则实施前后,这种相关性存在明显差异.新会计准则实施前的分年度样本中,机构投资者持股比例只与公司的Tobin＇Q值之间存在显著的正相关,与CoreROA和CFROA等业绩指标之间关系不显著.在新会计准则实施后,机构投资者持股比例与所有的公司业绩指标Tobin＇Q、CoreROA和CFROA等之间都存在显著的正相关关系,并且通过了敏感性测试.说明新会计准则实施后,机构投资者更能够发挥作用,全方位提高上市公司的业绩.     

The impact of accounting standards convergence on Chinese firms’ overseas mergers and acquisitions

This paper investigates how accounting standards (AS) convergence influences Chinese firms’ overseas mergers and acquisitions (M&As) and shows that this convergence significantly promotes Chinese firms’ overseas M&As. Specifically, we find that both the probability of success and the value of transactions increases significantly in countries that implemented International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) prior to 2007. These results suggest that accounting standards (AS) convergence can improve the comparability of accounting information between China and other countries that have adopted IFRS. Moreover, we find that the impact of accounting standards (AS) convergence on state-owned enterprise (SOE) acquirers is weak. These findings demonstrate that accounting standards (AS) convergence can facilitate Chinese firms’ overseas M&As by improving the comparability of accounting information between China and target countries.     

上市银行企业会计准则实施情况分析

新会计准则施行经历了四个完整的会计年度后,对其在上市银行的实施情况进行分析研究具有重要意义。本文结合上市银行2007——2009年年报．对上市银行实施会计准则的总体情况、公允价值的实施情况、资产减值损失对损益的影响、贷款减值准备计提情况、上市银行盈利状况、商业银行实际利率法使用情况等进行了分析,努力将新会计准则的精髓应用到商业银行的会计实践中．为我国会计准则的进一步完善及投资者更好的利用会计信息提供决策参考。     

创新与趋同相结合的一项准则——评我国新颁布的《企业会计准则——基本准则》

2006年2月15日颁布的《企业会计准则——基本准则》,把创新与趋同结合起来,是协调、连贯和内在一致的规则。基本准则暗含着若干会计基本假设,明确了财务报告的目标和会计信息质量要求。它把会计要素的定义同确认结合起来表述。它使我国会计界耳目一新,并在国际会计惯例趋同方面前进了重要的一步。     

Does Convergence of Accounting Standards Lead to the Convergence of Accounting Practices?: A Study from China

In this empirical study we examine whether China's efforts to converge domestic accounting standards with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) over the past 15 years have resulted in the successful convergence of Chinese listed firms. This study is unique in that we evaluate convergence of firms' accounting practices from three perspectives: (1) the level of compliance with Chinese GAAP and IFRS, (2) the consistency of accounting choices under Chinese GAAP and IFRS, and (3) identification of significant differences in the net incomes produced under Chinese GAAP and IFRS (earnings gap).Using the 1999 and 2002 annual reports of 79 Chinese listed firms we find improvement in both compliance with IFRS and in the consistency of the accounting methods used in annual reports prepared under Chinese GAAP and IFRS. We also find a reduction in the earnings gap from 1999 to 2002. However, interestingly we observed that Chinese listed firms' compliance with IFRS is significantly lower than their compliance with Chinese GAAP. Overall we believe that our findings suggest that in China the convergence of accounting standards has been a conduit to the convergence of accounting practices.     

论会计准则制定中的政府间博弈

会计准则具有经济后果,产生于不同会计准则的不同会计信息,会因此影响各利益集团的利益分配。因此会计准则的制定不是一种纯技术过程,而是各利益集团多次博弈达成的均衡结果。本文基于博弈论的视角,深入分析了会计准则制定中的政府间博弈,并就我国会计准则的国际趋同提出了一些建议。     

关于澳大利亚公共部门导入IFRS的研究

于2005年1月1日起开始导入IFRS的澳大利亚,其实施对象不仅限于上市公司,而是将导入范围扩展到包含公共部门在内的所有报告主体。公共部门导入IFRS的这个举措,有别于欧盟等其他IFRS的导入国,是世界上的首例。另一方面,对于澳大利亚来说此举是会计国际趋同道路上的一个大胆尝试。但这种导入与澳大利亚特有的会计环境是密不可分的。     

海峡两岸会计准则国际化比较研究

本文根据二十国集团峰会、金融稳定理事会关于建立全球统一的高质量会计准则的倡议,提出了会计准则国际化的定义;在此基础上,比较了海峡两岸会计准则国际化的路径、制定模式和国际化程度的差异;并从改革国际货币体系的配套措施角度,提出了海峡两岸会计准则趋同、等效与互认的历史使命、合作模式、突破口和重点。     

Disharmony in international accounting standards setting: The Chinese approach to accounting for business combinations

The paper addresses two distinct aspects of disharmony in international accounting standards setting. The first aspect relates to the political economic context of financial accounting standards. This is illustrated by the Chinese standards setters’ decision to allow the pooling of interests method of accounting for business combinations despite the prohibition of this method by both the FASB and the IASB. This decision by the Chinese standards setters appears to have been based on political economic factors related to the need for industrial reorganization in China rather than a desire to serve the needs of global capital markets. The second aspect of disharmony relates to the role played by differential understandings of the fundamental objectives of financial reporting in an international context. The IASB's goal of producing one set of global accounting standards to serve the needs of global capital markets has led to a reduction in the number of permissible accounting methods and a move towards the fair value accounting model. In particular, the IASB concluded that the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations should be the only method allowed for business combinations. In contrast, the Chinese standards setters have recognized the existence of both mergers and acquisitions, and in response they created two different methods of accounting for business combinations. Effectively, the Chinese standards setters developed an alternative approach to accounting for business combinations which challenges the IASB's goal of achieving international accounting convergence through the fair value model.