非货币性交易的会计处理与纳税调整

随着经济的不断发展，企业之间经济关系日趋复杂。非货币性交易业务在实际工作中不断增加。为了进行有效规范和管理．财政部和国家税务总局陆续颁布了一系列准则和规定。但由于会计准则与税法制定的目的，依据的原则不同，导致对非货币性交易业务处理方法上存在着差异。总括起来主要有二：其一．会计一般只确认损失，不确认收益；税法则视同销售，既确认收益也确认损失。其二，对于换入资产的计价，     

债务重组、非货币性交易的计税成本与相关纳税调整

由于债务重组、非货币性交易取得的资产税法规定的计税成本与会计制度的账面成本计算方法不同，使资产处置时(指折旧、摊销及销售、领用，下同)税收上确认的处置损益与会计上确认的处置损益不一致。本文从分析债务重组和非货币性交易在税收上与会计上成本确认规范的差异入手，探讨相关差异的纳税调整方法。     

粮食企业关于非货币性交易会计处理的探讨

<正>我国新的《企业会计准则》对非货币性交易准则再次进行了调整,相比旧准则而言,新准则更加科学合理,成为我国现行会计准则重要的组成部分,为规范不涉及或很少涉及现金的非货币性交易提供了依据。非货币性交易会计准则是非货币性交易的会计业务,一方面为加快资金周     

非货币交易的会计处理与所得税纳税调整

会计准则和税法对非货币交易的主要差异在于:其一,会计上一般不确认收入和收益(涉及补价时部分确认换出资产的转让利得),而税法则要求视同销售,确认资产转     

从非货币性交易的会计处理看财务会计与税务会计的关系

一、对此类交易的名称与认知不同 在财务会计中,凡是不涉及现金或涉及的现金不超过25%的交易,均称为非货币性交易(不以货币结算或不以货币结算为主,而以实物相互结算,从而实现实物购销的一种交易方式),因此,应按非货币性交易进行会计处理,即不确认收入而按成本结转;但在税务会计中,因为要体现税法导向原则,故一般是将非货币性交易作为正常销售和购买货物两笔业务对待.     

非货币性资产交换准则:现状与改进

<正>财政部于2006年2月发布了《企业会计准则第7号——非货币性资产交换》(以下简称为新非货币性资产交换准则),与2001年发布的《企业会计准则——非货币性交易》(以下简称为旧非货币性交易准则)相比,在会计计量、损益确认等方面做了重大的改进,这些改进比原会计准则更加科学,对进     

非货币性交易准则与美国对应准则的比较

１９９９年６月２８日财政部发布了《企业会计准则———非货币性交易》（以下简称“非货币性交易准则”）。该准则对非货币性交易中资产的计量标准、损益的确认条件、资产减值损失的认定，以及信息披露作了系统规定。概括地说，在非货币性交易准则中，非货币性交易是指交易双方以非货币性资产进行的交换。非货币性交易最大的特点是以货易货，不收付款项。所以，非货币性交易会计核算的主要问题是以什么价格作为换入资产的入帐价格，以及是否确认交易损益。总体来说，对非货币性交易会计核算的规定，有以下几个主要特点：第一，将非货币性资…     

非货币性交易中所得税的会计处理

企业的非货币性交易一般是交易双方以非货币性资产进行的交换，但有时也会涉及少量的货币性资产即补价。补价占交易额的比例成为区分货币性交易与非货币性交易的标准，我国的会计准则中规定该比例为25％，即：低于25％(含25％)的，视为非货币性交易，按会计准则进行处理。这一比例的计算按支付补价方和收到补价方分别考虑，对于支付补价方，比例为支付的补价占换入资产公允价值的比例(或占换出资产公允价值与补价之和的比例)；     

非货币性交易的问题及对策

随着我国证券市场的迅速发展以及企业经营方式的不断变化，包括资产置换、股权变换在内的非货币性交易越来越多。为了规范企业非货币性交易的会计核算和相关信息的披露，财政部发布实施了《企业会计准则-非货币性交易》。此举对于规范我国企业非货币性交易的会计核算和相关信息披露，     

非货币性交易中收益的确认

本文以收益确认的原则--实现原则为出发点,分析了目前非货币性交易准则中的一些不合理的地方,并提出可以按照资产价值转移方式的不同,将资产区分为流动资产、长期资产以及投资,并以此为基础确认非货币性交易的收益.文章最后就我国非货币性交易准则的修订提出了一些看法,认为并非经济生活中出现的所有问题都可以通过会计方法得到解决,而职业道德教育的作用不容忽视.     

From Disconnected to Integrated tax and financial systems A post-IFRS evaluation of evolution of Tax and Financial Reporting relationships based on the French case

The globalization of financial markets has required the use of common reporting standards, notably the IFRS. These are impacting the accounting systems of many countries. However, accounting systems are also often used for national tax reporting. This creates a divergence in the reporting needs which existing accounting systems are unable to meet and some amount of duplication is therefore required for tax reporting and financial reporting. Previous studies have talked about linkages between accounting and taxation and have found aspects of their systems identical, disconnected, accounting dominated or tax dominated, and that this mix changes over time, with a definite evolutionary model. This conceptual paper, grounded in French empirics, examines whether since the new IFRS, the existing theoretical evolutionary model is adequate, and finds that it is not. It then proposes an alternative integrated accounting system to satisfy simultaneously the financial and tax reporting requirements. The integrated accounting system should result in economies.     

Accounting for deferred tax in Japanese Banks and the consequences for their international operations

In recent years, financial reporting has changed in Japan towards the requirements of internationally recognized accounting standards. At the same time, banks suffered significant bad debts on their loans and it became difficult to maintain capital adequacy ratios at the level required for international operations. In this context, using as case studies the five major banking groups in Japan from 2002 to 2004, we address four related research questions concerned with the importance of deferred tax for the maintenance of regulatory capital. The responses of the government, regulatory agencies and auditors to problems with deferred tax accounting are also considered. We find that, without deferred tax assets, the five major banking groups would not have been allowed to operate internationally. We also suggest implications, and conclude that the solutions to these problems lie not just with the accounting profession but also with the government and regulatory agencies, as part of wider financial, rather than accounting, reform.     

还本销售会计处理和税法规定的差异

还本销售方式的会计处理和税法规定之间存在三个方面的差异。本文结合实际工作,对还本销售方式销售货物所产生的差异在原理阐述的基础上辅以实例说明,深入浅出地解析了还本销售会计处理和税法规定的差异。     

关联交易中会计信息与计税基础的趋同性研究

我国企业财务会计信息服务对象的变迁反映出会计准则中多重计量属性所引致的会计规范和税收法规在相关交易规定上存在的差异。而依据税收透明度及企业所得税法提供的相关资料两方面的要求,计税依据与会计信息指标非常必要保持一致。本文认为,关联交易会计计量与计税基础在关联关系判定标准、关联交易认定内容等方面存在差异,应该将关联关系扩大到个人,并将关联企业认定的控制标准设定为20%。     

资产负债观与所得税会计的改进

新会计准则已将资产负债观的收益核算理念全面渗透到所得税会计核算中。本文以所得税会计的理论基础为前提,在对资产负债观下所得税会计处理的基础上,详细论述了暂时性差异与递延所得税负债(或资产)的确认、计量和列示。     

Lobbying of the International Accounting Standards Committee: The Case of Construction Contracts

Many cultural, political, economic and other environmental factors have been suggested as impediments to the efforts of the International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC) to harmonize international accounting standards. We investigate the relationship between lobbyists’ position, and: (1) their home countries’ financial accounting standards; and (2) their home countries’ tax rules. The factors are tested both separately and jointly to increase our understanding of lobbying and obstacles to harmonization. Long-term construction contracts are used as our case study. Construction contracts were traditionally accounted for by either the completed contract method (CCM) or the percentage of completion method (PCM). Originally, the IASC’s Standards (IASs) allowed both CCM and PCM. Thus, most countries’ accounting standards complied with IASs. However, the IASC’s Comparability Project, beginning with Exposure Draft (ED) 32, proposed to eliminate CCM. Thirty-nine comment letters submitted on ED 32 contained specific references to long-term construction contracts. Although almost 60% opposed the complete elimination of CCM, the IASC eliminated it. However, in many ways, the IASC co-opted lobbyists by allowing the Zero Profit Method, which may effectively result in the same timing of profit recognition as CCM. Support is found for a strong link between respondents’ lobbying position and both their home country’s accounting standards and tax laws. Each factor may hinder the harmonization process. A high positive correlation also exists between the accounting standards and tax laws of lobbyists’ countries. Beyond the possible importance of the tax and financial reporting linkage affecting harmonization, the issue of multicollinearity should signal caution when interpreting the results of lobbying studies that simultaneously include highly correlated variables in the same model.     

企业所得税会计几个问题的探讨

本文研究企业所得税会计问题。针对我国企业所得税会计准则在执行过程中存在的方法、理念几个等认识误区问题，提出相应解决措施，主张理念决定方法，只有从理念、依据的角度深刻认识所得税会计准则的主旨，才能在实际工作中正确执行准则的相关规定。     

新旧所得税会计准则的比较

在新的《企业会计准则第18号——所得税》颁布前,我国没有所得税会计准则,只有《企业所得税会计处理的暂行规定》和《企业会计准则——所得税会计(征求意见稿)》,企业主要按照2001年颁布的《企业会计制度》的有关规定执行。本文在对新旧所得税会计准则立法角度、相关内容的比较分析后,举例说明资产负债表债务法下所得税的具体处理办法。     

税务会计模式的国际比较

税款的会计处理不是税务会计。根据不同的标准,世界各国的会计模式可以有不同的分类。而根据税法对会计的导向作用不同,税务会计的模式可分为统一模式和独立模式。我国税制改革与会计改革的不断推进,使两者的目标和原则出现差异,建立适合我国国情的税务会计理论体系,已经成为现代税收制度(特别是企业所得税)应对差异、不断发展与完善的必然选择。     

新会计准则下固定资产处置的会计处理和税法的差异

本文简要分析了新会计准则和税法产生差异的原因,而后从固定资产处置入手,详细分析了固定资产的会计处理和所得税、流转税处理的差异。经过分析,得出的结论是会计准则和税法产生差异是不可避免的。