CFO内部董事有助于董事会履行监督职能吗?

董事会具有咨询和监督双重职能。现有文献一般认为内部董事主要履行咨询职能,独立董事主要履行监督职能,而本文则基于2006~2013年我国A股非金融上市公司的数据,从CFO兼任董事的角度研究了内部董事对监督职能的贡献。研究发现,CFO内部董事能够帮助董事会更好地履行监督职能,并且这种治理机制能制约CEO权力、解决国有企业的代理问题、弥补一些外部治理机制的缺陷。本文丰富了董事会治理以及CFO制度领域的研究,并为公司治理实践中董事会如何构成以及如何提高董事会监督职能提供了新思路。     

独立董事履职质效提升的实践探索

<正>独立董事制度（以下简称“独董制度”）是公司治理的重要内容。我国独董制度建立以来,有力推动了上市公司董事会决策的科学性,对完善公司治理结构发挥了重要作用。但在实践中,独董制度仍存在独董职责定位不够清、履职方式不够多、履职保障不够好等问题。2023年4月,国务院办公厅发布《关于上市公司独立董事制度改革的意见》（以下简称“《意见》”）,8月中国证监会出台《上市公司独立董事管理办法》（以下简称“《独董办法》”）,     

上市银行董事会治理与经营绩效的实证研究

由于商业银行的特殊性,使得其董事会治理与一般公司存在显著差异.研究结果显示,近年来董事会在履行我国上市银行发展战略和监督职能方面发挥了一定的作用.独立董事任职年限与董事会年度会议次数的实践效果不同,董事会人数、独立董事比例则与银行经营业绩的关系不甚明了.     

独立董事与拟上市公司的公司治理

2001年8月6日,中国证券监督管理委员会颁布实施《关于在上市公司建立独立董事制度的指导意见》,对中国上市公司设立独立董事相关事项制定详细规定。基于此,自2001年8月以来,为完善公司治理制度,中国境内上市公司的董事会均已设置独立董事。对于拟上市的股份公司,其也参照上述指导意见的规定设置了独立董事,由于其尚未公开发行股票,尚未成为上市公司,则在其设置独立董事至其获得证监会核准发行股票成为上市公司期间,独立董事如何行使或是否可以参照上述指导意见的规定行使特别职权,以发挥独立董事参与公司治理的特殊职能等方面存在特殊性,本文将就以上相关问题作粗浅探讨。     

单层制改革背景下独立董事法律义务与责任研究

我国独董制度长期以上市公司为背景展开规范,2023年12月29日公司法的修订将独董制度延伸至非上市股份公司治理结构,将面临独董规范的立法空白。独董的职能应包括公司内部治理优化和对外投资者保护两个方面,并分别构成独董承担公司法和证券法义务的基础,但在立法与实践中往往将两者混淆。董事信义义务规则可以参照适用于独立董事,但应当正视独董在信息获取渠道上的局限性,较执行董事承担更为宽松的责任标准,以商业判断规则的精神评价独董是否勤勉尽责,且不宜盲目扩大义务范围。在决定独董是否承担自付责任时,应当确立可预期、有合理救济范围的责任减免机制,包括章程豁免条款、董责险和赔偿责任上限规则。     

独立董事履职状况和客观环境研究

针对独立董事履职过程和效果受到广泛质疑的状况,本文基于对国外独立董事制度变迁以及我国客观环境的分析,将独立董事职责划分为合规性和效益性两个层次,通过问卷调查对现阶段独立董事履职状况进行了研究。本文主要得出以下结论:独立董事履行合规性职责方面表现突出,独董个人风险和保护意识是主要影响因素;独立董事在履行效益性职责方面差强人意,履职效果受企业重视程度和沟通程度影响较大;现阶段独立董事所处客观环境不理想,独立董事与会时间安排以及所需资料不能得到有效保障;董事会表决前的征询意见和议案修改是独立董事投反对票或弃权票比例低的重要因素;任职企业存在违规风险是独立董事非常规辞职主要原因。     

浅谈我国独立董事与监事会的职能分配与制度协调

随着独立董事制度在我国的引入和实施,在我国公司治理结构中实际出现了独立董事与监事会并存的局面,导致在立法上和实践中都存在二者监督职能产生冲突的情形.应当在肯定独立董事制度和监事会制度并存的公司治理结构的基础上,理清二者的职能分配并协调彼此行使公司监督权力方面的关系,从而更好地发挥独立董事和监事会相互配合.相互监督,分工合作的监督优势.     

独立董事投行经历与上市公司并购行为及其效应研究——来自中国市场的证据

本文以2006-2012年中国A股上市公司为研究样本,采用实证研究的方法,研究独立董事的投行经历在上市公司并购中能否发挥咨询作用。研究发现,董事会中有投行独董并不会带来收购可能性的增加,投行独董对公司的收购决策不能产生实质影响;然而,在收购实施阶段,投行独董却有助于提升收购方公司价值。进一步研究发现,收购宣告时独立董事正在投行任职或收购方CEO缺乏投行经历时,投行独董的正向财富效应更加显著,在这两种情况下,投行独董更能体现咨询价值。最后,又从收购溢价和咨询费用两个方面探究了收购方价值增加的可能原因,初步确定了投行独董增加公司价值的作用机制。     

独立董事设立名正事才成

前不久，中国证监会发布了《关于在上市公司建立独立董事制度的指导意见》，目前部分上市公司在董事会中设立独立董事，其目的在于使董事会议事增加透明度，解决内部人控制现象，以及维护中、小股东的权益，增经投资信心，其出发点是好的，也符合国际惯例。众所周知，独立董事最早发源于美国，直到20世纪70年代初美国发生举世闻名的“水门事件”件丑闻，促使美国证监会要求所有上市公司必须设立独立董事，并明确以独立董事为首组成公司内部审计委员会，其主要职能有“公司的会计政策、财务状况和财务报告程序；公司遵纪守法情况；聘任会计师事务所并就审计中的重大事项与注册会计师交换意见；检查和监督内部审计；检查和监督公司的行为和可能面临的各种风险；董事会赋予的其他职责。随后主要的西方国家也相继仿效。     

公司为什么选择法律背景的独立董事?

独立董事是公司治理领域的重要研究内容,从专业背景分析独立董事制度则是近期理论研究重点内容之一。本文分析了我国上市公司聘请法律背景独立董事的动因和经济后果。研究发现,我国上市公司聘请法律独立董事的主要动因在于咨询,而非监督;当公司有着较多的法律诉讼、股利分配、股权转让以及资产收购等活动时,其更愿意聘请法律独董;当上市公司聘请法律独董时,其比较偏好声誉高和实务经验丰富的法律独董。进一步研究发现,聘请法律独董的上市公司一般都有着较高的市场价值。本文研究不仅丰富了独立董事专业背景方面的研究文献,也拓展了法与金融的研究内容,还为提高上市公司治理效率提供了新的启示。     

Short-sale refinancing and price adjustment speed to bad news: Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment in China

Short selling may accelerate stock price adjustment to negative news. However, the literature provides mixed evidence for this prediction. Using short-sale refinancing and a staggered difference-in-differences (DID) model, this paper explores the effect of short selling on stock price adjustment. Our results show that (1) short-sale refinancing improves the speed of stock price adjustment to negative news. This result holds after we control for endogeneity. (2) The positive relationship between short-sale refinancing and stock price adjustment speed is significant in subsamples of stocks with higher earnings management or lower accuracy of analyst forecasts, indicating that firms with more opaque information are more likely to be targeted by short sellers. In subsamples of stocks with a higher ownership concentration or lower ownership by institutional investors, short selling is more likely to increase the speed of stock price adjustment, indicating that ownership structure may influence negative news mining. (3) As short-sale refinancing exacerbates the absorption of bad news by stock prices, it increases crash risk. This study enriches the research on the economic consequences of short selling and provides empirical evidence supporting regulations on short selling in China.     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

正The China Journal of Accounting Research"CJAR"(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditing and corporate governance issues that relate to the greater China region.We welcome the submission of both theoretical and empirical research papers pertinent to researchers,regulators and practitioners.Authors should note:     

The China puzzle: Opportunities for accounting research

How can China achieve phenomenal economic growth despite what is considered as 'weak' institutions in market-based economies? Xu(2011) provides a framework to u...     

Aims and Scope

<正>The focus of the China Journal of Accounting Research is to publish theoretical and empirical research papers that use contemporary research methodologies to...     

Income smoothing and the cost of debt

The literature on income smoothing focuses on the effect of earnings smoothing on the equity market.This paper investigates the effect of income smoothing on th...     

The case for management history

This article defines the case for treating management history as a discrete subject area, although one closely related to business, accounting, labour, and industrial history. It seeks to concentrate on the nature, process, and practice of management as an activity within the organization, and to argue that it is important that modern British managers understand the intellectual and cultural roots of their profession, since without these they will tend to be swayed by short-term management 'fads'. Within the broad topic there are several identifiable sub-areas for potential exploration, including the comparative historical development of management between different countries, management institutions, managerial careers and labour markets, management structures, management skills, and management thought and theory.     

The life and career of John Spence Ogilvy (1805-71), the first chartered accountant to emigrate to Australia

So far as the available evidence allows, this paper examines the life and career of John Spence Ogilvy, foundation member of the Society of Accountants in Edinburgh in 1854, who emigrated to Melbourne in 1856, but did not play a part in the development of an organized accounting profession in Australia. The paper also attempts to explain the gap of thirty-two years between the formation of the first accounting bodies in Edinburgh and Melbourne.     

Female CFOs and loan contracting: Financial conservatism or gender discrimination? – An empirical test based on collateral clauses

Based on signaling and gender discrimination theory, we examine whether chief financial officer(CFO) gender matters to bank–firm relationships and the designing...     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

<正>The China Journal of Accounting Research‘‘CJAR’’(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditin...     

Bayesian Premium Rating with Latent Structure

We propose a fully Bayesian approach to non-life risk premium rating, based on hierarchical models with latent variables for both claim frequency and claim size. Inference is based on the joint posterior distribution and is performed by Markov Chain Monte Carlo. Rather than plug-in point estimates of all unknown parameters, we take into account all sources of uncertainty simultaneously when the model is used to predict claims and estimate risk premiums. Several models are fitted to both a simulated dataset and a small portfolio regarding theft from cars. We show that interaction among latent variables can improve predictions significantly. We also investigate when interaction is not necessary. We compare our results with those obtained under a standard generalized linear model and show through numerical simulation that geographically located and spatially interacting latent variables can successfully compensate for missing covariates. However, when applied to the real portfolio data, the proposed models are not better than standard models due to the lack of spatial structure in the data.