组织间业绩评价的理论发展与平衡计分卡的改进:基于战略联盟情景

本文关注了以战略联盟为背景的组织间业绩评价的理论发展,通过文献梳理发现管理会计领域在该方面较为薄弱,需要吸收战略联盟领域的相关研究进行理论融合,以取长补短,进而拓展组织间业绩评价的研究空间。基于定性分析,本文提出了系统性的战略联盟绩效评价,并将这一维度容纳至平衡计分卡的框架中,探讨组织间合作与企业内业绩维度的关系,实现对平衡计分卡的改进以及企业内、外部业绩评价的一体化。     

企业能否“明辨”组织间合作中的学习成效?——绩效评价的视角

组织间学习是企业培养竞争优势的重要途径,有效评估组织间学习的绩效是企业评判对外合作目标是否达成以及管理组织间合作关系的重要机制。本文通过对一家中国本土企业与外资企业的长期战略合作开展调查和分析,以探索理论上的组织间学习绩效评价框架在现实中是否具有意义。本文还调查了案例企业实际采取的绩效评价方法和最终取得的学习成效,以揭示出组织间学习绩效评价应具有的功能是否在现实中发挥作用。     

合作创新如何更有效? ——基于专用性投资与战略信息共享的视角

互联网发展以及数字经济背景下,专用性投资如何影响组织间合作创新,至今结论仍不清晰。基于交易成本理论和社会交换理论,本文将战略信息共享纳入纵向合作研究框架,剖析不同类型专用性投资对组织间合作创新绩效影响的微观机理。研究结果显示：不同类型专用性投资的影响存在差异,其中,人力专用性投资对战略信息共享的正向影响最显著,而品牌专用性投资的影响强于流程专用性投资;战略信息共享显著促进合作创新绩效,且在专用性投资对合作创新绩效的影响过程中具有中介作用;关系信任在专用性投资与战略信息共享的关系中起正向调节作用,但在战略信息共享与合作创新绩效的关系中起负向调节作用;资源互补性正向调节战略信息共享与合作创新绩效的影响。     

联盟能力对企业国际化绩效影响的实证研究

构建联盟能力影响国际化绩效的理论模型,考量联盟能力对企业国际化绩效影响,结果表明,联盟能力对企业国际化绩效有积极的正向影响,其中联盟运营能力对企业国际化绩效的影响最大。鉴此,实施国际化成长战略的企业应从运营能力、学习能力和协控能力三个方面不断培育自己的联盟能力,并重点培育运营能力。     

“动态能力”战略观与商业银行竞争优势新理念

近年来，我国商业银行不断寻求适应环境变化和竞争的新方法与新理念。在探寻竞争优势的各种理论和措施中，西方战略管理领域内迅速崛起的“动态能力”战略观值得关注。该理论集中探讨了企业内生组织能力的演进与竞争优势之间的因果关系，并把组织能力看成是企业获取竞争优势的源泉。这与     

基于战略构建平衡计分卡对设置指标的影响

一个设计精良的基于平衡计分卡的企业绩效管理系统能够通过所选择的目标和指标很好的描述企业战略.这些指标恰恰是通过一系列的因果关系贯穿在一起的,这些因果关系从驱动绩效的学习与成长层面反映改善了财务绩效的财务层面.     

基于战略构建平衡计分卡对设置指标的影响

一个设计精良的基于平衡计分卡的企业绩效管理系统能够通过所选择的目标和指标很好的描述企业战略。这些指标恰恰是通过一系列的因果关系贯穿在一起的,这些因果关系从驱动绩效的学习与成长层面反映改善了财务绩效的财务层面。     

浅论战略性技术联盟

企业在竞争中合作、在合作中竞争是企业相互竞争到一定程度后必然产生的结果。随着企业之间结成战略联盟的事例日益增多,人们对这种协作型战略产生了极大的兴趣。从其历史演进角度分析,价格联盟作为战略联盟的初级形式,已逐渐被淘汰,代之以产品联盟与知识联盟为一体的技术方面的战略联盟,正在蓬勃发展。     

战略地图在照明行业的绩效评价分析

本文以照明行业中雷士企业的绩效评价指标体系为研究对象,结合企业平衡记分卡中财务、客户、内部流程、学习和成长四个可信度构建了照明行业企业战略地图,研究了各个维度之间的因果关系与企业战略目标相联系,并进行绩效测量指标的设计,指出战略地图在现代企业发展中的意义。     

基层央行绩效考核机制探讨——基于个人绩效与组织绩效互动关系的视角

本文从个人绩效与组织绩效互动的视角,探索建立设计科学、规范运作、激励有效的基层央行绩效考核机制,这是一种员工个人绩效提高直接推动组织绩效提升,组织绩效结果间接拉动员工个人绩效提高的双向互动机制.同时从树立绩效管理理念、健全规章制度、建立网络信息系统、加强沟通培训、有效运用绩效考核结果几方面,提出基层央行绩效考核机制运行...     

Investability and Firm Value

We study how investability, or openness to foreign equity investors, affects firm value in a sample of over 1,400 firms from 26 emerging markets. We find that, on average, investability is associated with a 9% valuation premium (as measured by Tobin's q). This significant valuation premium persists in firm‐fixed effects regressions, although the magnitude and robustness of the premium is somewhat lower. Analysis of the components of Tobin's q shows that firms that become investable experience significant increases in both market values and physical investment. These effects are strongest for firms that face country‐level or firm‐level financial constraints prior to becoming investable.     

How Do Firm Characteristics Influence the Relationship between R&D and Firm Value?

This paper focuses on how a firm's characteristics affect the market valuation of its research and development (R&D) spending. We derive a valuation model based on the capital market arbitrage condition. Using the generalized method of moments and data from the Eurozone countries to estimate this model yields interesting results. Several firm characteristics (size, firm growth, and market share) positively affect the relationship between firm value and R&D spending, while others (free cash flow, dependence on external finance, labor intensity, and capital intensity) exert a negative effect. Therefore, we conclude that the effectiveness of R&D spending depends on firm characteristics.     

企业业绩组合 业绩差异与季报披露的时间选择——管理层信息披露的组合动机与信息操作

本文主要考察企业业绩组合、业绩差异与季报披露的时间选择之间的关系以及季报披露时间的信息内涵。实证研究显示,上年年报和一季度季报均为“好消息”,一季度每股收益、净资产收益率和主营业务利润率高的上市公司季报披露时间间隔大;上年年报为“好消息”而一季度季报为“坏消息”,上年年报为“坏消息”而一季度季报为“好消息”,上年年报和一季度季报均为“坏消息”,一季度每股收益比上年度高的上市公司季报披露时间间隔小。这可能是由于一季度季报和上年年报均要求在4月30日之前披露的特殊性,上市公司管理层在信息披露的过程中可能存在组合动机与信息操作行为,一季度季报披露的时间选择可能关键取决于上年年报和一季度季报披露的“好消息”或“坏消息”带来的积极影响或消极影响的组合与权衡。     

流通企业的企业理论新析

现有企业理论不能很好地解释流通企业的问题.流通企业产生的经济根源在于分工(专业化利益)与交换(交易成本)的两难冲突,其经济性质在于通过专业化交易降低交易成本.经济性质差异导致流通企业在技术性质、规模约束以及规模扩张模式等方面都与生产企业大不相同,流通企业规模受本地市场容量的限制,因此必须采取分店扩张模式.     

经营风险与企业杠杆率

本文从理论和实证两方面考察企业经营风险将如何影响其杠杆率。其中,企业面临的经营风险被定义为在企业所属“年份×城市×二位行业”层面内除自身外其他所有企业资产收益率(ROA)的分布标准差。整体而言,当企业经营风险上升时,其投资和负债决策将更加保守,表现为资产负债表收缩和杠杆率下降。分债务期限来看,杠杆率的变化又可分为“规模效应”和“结构效应”,前者指向投资、负债决策的整体收缩,后者指向债务结构中短期负债占比的下降。经营风险上升时,杠杆率下降主要体现为短期债务的缩减;分所有制来看,非国有企业对经营风险的敏感度较强,国有企业对经营风险的敏感度较小,这与两类企业的融资难易程度相符。     

Firm location and corporate debt

This study examines the influence of a firm’s geographical location on corporate debt and provides evidence that the higher cost of collecting information on firms distant from urban areas has significant implications on a wide array of corporate debt characteristics. We find that rural firms face higher debt yield spreads and attract smaller and less prestigious bank syndicates than urban firms. Rural firms attempt to reduce their informational disadvantage by relying more on relationship banking. Our results on the effect of location on corporate debt are robust to the inclusion of an extensive set of firm and issue characteristics.     

Firm reputation and horizontal integration

We study effects of horizontal integration on firm reputation in an environment where customers observe only imperfect signals about firms' effort/quality choices. Horizontal integration leads to a larger market base for the merged firm, and thus helps reputation building with more effective punishments and better monitoring by eliminating idiosyncratic shocks of individual markets. But it allows the merged firm to deviate only in a subset of markets, which hinders reputation building by making it more difficult for consumers to monitor its quality. We show that these effects give rise to a reputation‐based theory of the optimal firm size and derive its comparative statics.     

Partial Privatization and Firm Performance

Most privatization programs begin with a period of partial privatization in which only non‐controlling shares of firms are sold on the stock market. Since management control is not transferred to private owners it is widely contended that partial privatization has little impact. This perspective ignores the role that the stock market can play in monitoring and rewarding managerial performance even when the government remains the controlling owner. Using data on Indian state‐owned enterprises we find that partial privatization has a positive impact on profitability, productivity, and investment.     

Firm dynamics and financial development

Using comprehensive firm-level datasets, this paper studies the impact of cross-country variation in financial market development on firms' financing choices and growth. In less financially developed economies, small firms grow faster and have lower leverage than large firms. As financial development improves, the growth difference between small and large firms shrinks, while the leverage difference rises. The paper then develops a quantitative model where financial frictions drive firm growth and debt financing through the availability of credit and default risk. The model explains the observed cross-country variations in firm size, leverage and growth in response to changes in financial frictions.     

Relational Investing And Firm Performance

A substantial academic and popular literature argues that the performance of American corporations might improve if American corporations had long‐term outside investors (relational investors) who would hold large stakes, actively monitor management performance, and engage with management in setting corporate policy. Institutional investors can perhaps play this role. We provide the first large‐scale test of the hypothesis that relational investing can affect corporate performance. We consider ownership and performance data for more than 1,500 large U.S. companies over a thirteen‐year period (1983–1995). Our results provide a mixed answer to the question of whether relational investing affects corporate performance. Our data suggest that there was a period in the late 1980s—a period with a uniquely high level of hostile takeover activity—when the presence of a relational investor was associated with higher stock market returns. This cohort of relational investors may have been able to induce corporate restructuring, whose principal effect was to reduce growth rates while improving profitability. But this pattern was not found in the early 1980s or repeated in the early 1990s.