“双Q与金融安全”问题的几点思考

当今开放的全球经济体系当中，资本在国际间的自由流动已经成为合理配置一国经济资源的重要手段，是国民经济福利的重要保障。现阶段中国虽然受市场经济制度建设不完善，尤其是金融市场发育较浅等客观条件的限制，不能效仿成熟市场经济国家那样较彻底地开放资本在国际间的自由流动。但是，在风险基本可控的前提下，合理有序地在当前的资本管制框架内有所突破，是未来中长期资本项目管制改革的方向，也是我国市场经济制度建设的重要组成部分。     

中国共产党对社会主义经济制度和体制的认识：思想来源、演变和理论创新

本所指的经济制度，是构成社会经济基础的所有制结构，它决定一个社会的基本性质：经济体制是指构成该社会基本经济制度的所有制关系运行的具体形式。因此，对社会主义经济制度和体制的认识，关系到中国共产党如何建设社会主义的大问题。     

建立适应市场经济需要的账户管理制度

如何建立适应市场经济需要的账户管理制度。是账户管理制度需要思考的问题。社会主义市场经济具有主体独立性、平等性，市场配置．宏观调控和法制经济等基本属性。要顺应市场经济的发展方向，账户管理制度要保护存款人在账户的权利与义务上的平等；完善账户资源在市场配置下自由流动；完善账户管理的宏观指导、监督与管理机制；加强与完善账户管理法律法规建设。     

试比较列宁与邓小平市场经济思想

作为以市场配置资源或市场调节经济运行的市场经济，无论在何种经济制度下，都有一些共同的基本特征，即它是一种自主经济，竞争经济，法制经济和开放经济，其主要特点有：经济主体独立自主地进行决策；经济主体平等自由地缔结契约，生产要素的流动和生产规模，结构由市场需求决定；主要运用价格，供求和竞争等机制调节经济运行；按生产要素的贡献和市场效率进行分配。本立足上述基本特征和主要特点，在参考，阐述相关献的基础上，试对列宁与对小平同志的市场经济思想进行粗浅与比较。     

探索进城落户的农民工将宅基地与房产作为资产流转的问题

十七大报告首次提出"创造条件让更多群众拥有财产性收入",本文认为创造条件实现农民的土地财产权益,是增加农民财产性收入的根本途径。农民拥有完整的土地财产权法律地位是前提条件,其核心是拥有对土地产权的自由处置权或交易权,保证农民土地使用产权能够在市场中合法交易流转。为此本文从当前农村土地流转及农民土地财产权益现状出发,接着阐明了土地流转与土地财产之间关系,在深入分析促进农村土地流转保护农民土地财产权面临问题的基础上,提出了促进农村土地流转保护农民财产权的具体对策,为完善农村土地产权制度改革、促进社会主义和谐社会建设提供参考。     

要闻回放

《物权法》正式公布。十届人大五次会议3月16日表决通过《物权法》。《物权法》规定，为了维护国家基本经济制度，维护社会主义市场经济秩序。明确物的归属，发挥物的效用：保护权利人的物权，根据宪法．制定本法。     

香港交通设施建设的投资与管理

提起香港，人们很自然地想到处,或称市场经济，其实，香港的发展，是自由经济和行政干预共同作用的结果。反映到投资上，也是私人财务和政府财政共同进行的，从香港交通事业的过程中，可能清楚地看到这两种投资是怎样发挥作用的。     

物权法、企业所得税法大家谈

<正>物权法规定,国家、集体、私人的物权和其他权利人的物权受法律保护,任何单位和个人不得侵犯。因物的归属和利用而产生的民事关系,适用本法。这是为了维护国家基本经济制度,维护社会主义市场经济秩序,明确物的归属,发挥物的效用,保护权利人的物权而制定的法律。     

浅析被追诉人的财产权利保护

长期以来,如何保障刑事诉讼中犯罪嫌疑人、被告人(即被追诉人)的生命权、自由权受到广泛的关注和研究,而同样作为公民基本权利之一的财产权之保护受到的关注较少.在刑事诉讼中,公民的生命、自由理应先于财产权被赋予更多的关注与保护.但随着社会的发展和刑事诉讼的不断完善,如何更有效地保障被追诉人的财产权应当予以重视.     

论财政安全问题的显性化及其原因

自由市场经济建立后的近200年闻,早期市场经济国家基本没有发生过财政危机,财政的安全问题似乎已经由市场经济制度解决了.但自上世纪80年代以来,财政的安全问题开始在世界范围内凸显.财政安全问题出现的根源在于政府职能的扩展,而经济全球化和财政机会主义则加剧了不安全因素,这一切又都是固有经济风险的市场经济制度这个大背景下的产物.     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…