农产品可追溯体系的感知与参与行为的实证研究:苹果种植户的案例

通过对江苏省丰县263户苹果种植户的实证调查,研究了生产农户对农产品可追溯体系的感知、参与行为和影响因素。结果表明:22%的被调查的苹果种植户已参与了农产品可追溯体系且认为,可追溯体系的益处是提高了苹果的质量和安全性,难点是增加了种植的复杂程度与生产成本;显著影响苹果种植户参与可追溯体系行为的主要因素是农户对农产品可追溯体系的认知、学历等个体特征和农户家庭的苹果净收益、苹果质量认证认可、生产的垂直一体化程度与信息记录状况、政府的支持政策等生产条件和环境特征。     

我国开发浓缩苹果汁期货的必要性和可行性分析

我国是世界第一大苹果和苹果汁生产国,苹果汁出口占据世界贸易量一半以上。分析我国推出浓缩苹果汁期货在抵御价格风险、提高果农收入、赢得反倾销诉讼、促进产业发展等方面的必要性。同时进一步从苹果汁现货市场发育程度、产业规模、厂商数量、交割标准制定等方面进行可行性分析。浓缩苹果汁期货的上市,可以使我国牢牢掌握苹果汁的定价权,促进整个苹果产业链的健康发展。     

An Analysis of Market Competitiveness of World＇s Major Apple Export Countries

Market competitiveness of apple exports consists of export capacity and foreign currency earning ability. The strength and weakness of export competitiveness to some extent will determine each nation＇s position in the international apple market. Results indicate that apple export competitiveness of China is far below the world average level, and suggest that there are huge apple export potentials for China to exploit in the future. China has obvious comparative advantages both in apple production and apple marketing in aspects of labor, climate, soil, market, technology, etc.. Hence effective measures must be taken in order to speed up the quick transformation of resource advantages to export competitiveness.     

合作社内部交易的价格风险配置及其影响因素分析——基于山东省苹果种植户的问卷调查

合作社内部交易的价格风险配置不仅影响风险性农产品的市场供给,而且关系到合作社能否持续和健康发展。利用山东省苹果种植户的调查数据,实证分析合作社内部交易的价格风险配置及其影响因素。实地调查发现,约有45.4%的样本农户与合作社交易时能够在一定程度上降低价格风险。进一步研究显示,合作社内部交易的价格风险配置主要受到种植规模、距市场距离、产品质量、社会资本、合作社类型、年末返利和技术服务等因素的影响,而销售难度、入社时间和结算方式等因素则不具有统计显著性。     

Consumers’ valuation for food traceability in China: Does trust matter?

Food safety is a very important topic in China. We investigate Chinese consumers’ preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) for food traceability using a choice experiment. Given that consumers’ trust in the food system may affect their preferences and WTP, we also assess the interaction between consumers’ trust in government’s supervision of food safety and food labels and consumers’ preferences for traceable food products. Using data collected from a choice experiment on Fuji apples in a face-to-face survey in six Chinese cities, the results show that (i) consumers are willing to pay for traceable food but their valuations can differ upon the degree of their trust in government’s supervision of food safety and food labels; (ii) consumers are willing to pay for traceability with strong evidence of preference heterogeneity; (iii) government is not the most trusted safety inspection and certificate authority as found in prior studies using animal food products in China.     

苹果醋生产工艺的研究

苹果醋是以新鲜苹果为原料,经液体深层发酵而成的优质调味品。经酒精发酵和醋酸发酵制成果香味浓的苹果醋,含有丰富的有机酸、氨基酸、维生素和矿物质,是一种集苹果与食醋保健功能为一体的新型保健饮料。     

Chili Growers' Experience with Contract Farming in Malaysia

The objectives of the study were (a) to examine the perception of chili growers toward contract farming (CF) and (b) to ascertain the factors that motivate the growers to participate in CF. A total of 190 chili growers within East Coast Economic Region (ECER) were interviewed. The data were analyzed using SPSS to describe the respondents' profile and CF practices. At the present moment, the chili growers have a contract agreement with the Farmers' Organization Authority of Malaysia (FOAM) and FOAM, in turn, has a contract agreement with Nestle. Factor analysis was carried out to identify latent factors that influenced chili growers in their participation in CF. These factors are extension services, access to new markets, market assurance, protection for growers, skills transfer, and indirect benefits.     

有机苹果生产经营影响因素实证分析——以陕西洛川县为例

有机苹果作为苹果产业的发展趋势,在我国已经逐步建立生产机制,但因其发展条件的特殊性,导致其发展速度缓慢,文章通过实地调研,获取一手资料,运用实证方法分析影响已选择有机苹果的果农进行生产经营的各种因素,以为相关各方提供几点参考建议。     

陕西渭北苹果物流发展的探讨

陕西渭北地区是我国乃至世界公认的苹果最佳产区。要使陕西渭北地区的苹果产业真正做大做强,大力发展苹果物流业是至关重要的。文章基于渭北地区白水县苹果物流的实地调查,针对其苹果物流存在的问题,探索适合陕西渭北苹果物流发展的模式及其对策措施。     

山东省苹果种植面积的时空演变特征分析

[目的]利用1978~2015年山东省苹果种植相关数据,实证分析山东省苹果种植面积的时空演变规律及其内在影响因素。[方法]从省域、区域、地市层面分析山东省苹果种植面积的时空演变规律,并运用多元线性回归模型实证分析山东省苹果种植面积变动的具体影响因素。[结果]山东省苹果种植面积从1978年的18.330万hm~2增至2015年的29.968万hm~2,总体增加,并以1995年为拐点先增后减,呈"倒U"形分布。从区域层面看,胶东半岛苹果种植面积稳步增加,泰沂山区、鲁西鲁北平原苹果种植面积持续萎缩,直接导致山东省苹果种植面积的不断减少和苹果主产区向胶东半岛的迁移。从地市层面看,山东省17地市中仅有胶东半岛的烟台、威海两地市苹果种植面积有所增加,其余15地市苹果种植面积均有不同程度的减少。说明山东省苹果主产区呈东进西退、北进南退的变迁特征。[结论]山东省苹果种植面积变动是资源禀赋、种植成本、种植业内部比较效益、种植传统和种植惯性、非农就业机会、非农就业收入、国家政策、地区政策、技术进步等众多因素共同作用的结果。基础设施条件、种植传统和种植惯性、非农就业机会、非农就业收入、地区政策的影响更为显著。其中,种植传统与种植惯性、地区政策对山东省苹果种植面积产生显著正向影响;非农就业机会和非农就业收入产生显著负向影响;基础设施条件向耕地的倾斜也产生显著不利影响。而种植成本、种植比较效益、国家政策、技术进步等因素的影响并不显著。