燃油税实施效果评价及税制完善的建议

我国燃油税改革正式实施已满两年,其积极的效果和存在的弊端初步显现。本文在对我国燃油税改善的实施效果进行评价的基础上,借鉴典型国家燃油税税制的设立经验,提出完善我国燃油税税制的建议。     

从会计双重属性看会计的国际化和国家化

会计具有双重属性 ,一是自然属性 ,二是社会属性。自然属性要求作为技术手段的会计采用国际先进的处理方法 ,国际贸易和国际资本市场发展及跨国公司在全球的活动使会计趋于国际化。社会属性源于会计的经济后果 ,会计信息作为执行各种契约的依据 ,会导致产权的变动 ,各国会根据会计环境制定有利于自身的会计准则。各国社会环境的差异使具有社会属性的会计长期保持国家化特色。     

日本汽车产业的发展及其对我国的启示

日本汽车产业经历了起步、形成、战后恢复、迅速发展和走向国际化5个阶段．致使其迅速崛起的原因是：政府的保护与支持；走“引进技术-消化吸收-自主创新”的技术路线；产业内高效的协作分工体系；成功的企业文化与先进的管理方式．借鉴日本汽车产业发展的成功经验，加强政府的规划和调控、通过整合技术资源打造优秀民族品牌、充分发挥集群经济效应、采用先进的管理方式，是我国汽车产业健康发展的对策选择。     

A learning-based model of repeated games with incomplete information

This paper tests a learning-based model of strategic teaching in repeated games with incomplete information. The repeated game has a long-run player whose type is unknown to a group of short-run players. The proposed model assumes a fraction of ‘short-run’ players follow a one-parameter learning model (self-tuning EWA). In addition, some ‘long-run’ players are myopic while others are sophisticated and rationally anticipate how short-run players adjust their actions over time and “teach” the short-run players to maximize their long-run payoffs. All players optimize noisily. The proposed model nests an agent-based quantal-response equilibrium (AQRE) and the standard equilibrium models as special cases. Using data from 28 experimental sessions of trust and entry repeated games, including 8 previously unpublished sessions, the model fits substantially better than chance and much better than standard equilibrium models. Estimates show that most of the long-run players are sophisticated, and short-run players become more sophisticated with experience.     

论项目管理的职业化

职业化以专业化、市场化、规范化为特点，在企业、医院、法院等组织的管理中都得到应用。近20年来，我国工程建设项目管理实施了一系列改革，也是向专业化、市场化、规范化的方向发展。本文分析了我国工程项目管理的现状，提出了项目管理职业化的概念。这一概念的提出将使工程建设许多制度变革的局面显得更清晰。随后，分析了项目管理职业化的必要性和内容，并探讨了具体的实施策略。     

Nonfinancial and financial performance measures: How do they affect employee role clarity and performance?

Two recent studies have found that comprehensive performance measurement systems comprising both financial and nonfinancial measures (e.g., balanced scorecard) are positively related to managerial performance through role clarity. It is, however, unclear if these results are from the use of financial measures or from the use of nonfinancial measures. It is also unclear if these effects are achievable by using nonfinancial measures alone. This study provides insights into prior studies' findings by distinguishing those effects arising from nonfinancial measures from those arising from financial measures. Based on a sample of 121 managers, the results indicate that nonfinancial measures, by themselves, significantly influence managerial performance through role clarity. More importantly, they also indicate that the effect of nonfinancial measures on role clarity is substantially stronger than that through financial measures.     

龙头企业、专利投入与农业产业高质量发展研究

[目的]中共十九大报告提出实施乡村振兴战略,对中国粮食产业高质量发展和农业供给侧结构性改革有了进一步要求。小麦作为中国主要粮食作物之一,小麦产业是中国农业产业的代表性产业之一,其发展对中国粮食安全具有重要意义。以小麦产业为例,探究农业科技创新中龙头企业、专利投入与中国小麦产业发展的关系。[方法]文章基于2015—2018年的短面板数据,利用耦合协调度模型测算中国31省(市、自治区)的小麦产质量耦合协调度,解析中国小麦产业耦合协调发展的实际情况,并运用工具变量Tobit方法实证分析中国小麦产质量耦合协调度的影响因素。[结果]中国小麦产质量耦合协调度总体偏低。龙头企业数量、农业基础设施对小麦产质量耦合协调度产生显著的正向影响,地区小麦专利数量在龙头企业对小麦产业的影响中具有正向调节作用。[结论](1)中国小麦产质量耦合协调度总体上还处于较低水平;(2)在小麦产质量耦合协调度回归模型中,粮食播种面积是一个有效的工具变量,它在很大程度上决定了龙头企业选址;(3)小麦专利数量对小麦产质量耦合协调具有直接促进作用,但是这种作用不显著;(4)地区小麦专利的调节效应增强了龙头企业与小麦产质量耦合协调度的影响。     

我国实行EVA的经营者年薪制可行性研究

<正>一、何谓EVA EVA(Economic Valued Added)即经济增加值,是指经济学所持的利润概念。虽然经济学家的利润也是收入减去成本后的差额,但经济收入不同于会计收入, 经济成本不同于会计成本,因此EVA也不同于会计利润。按照本质含义把EVA 解释为息前税后利润提取包括股权和债     

国有产权改革重在制度创新

国有企业改革已近20多年,但国有企业效率低下的问题却没有从根本上加以解决,这迫使人们去探寻新的改革道路。因此,党的十六大提出了:“继续探索有效的国有资产经营体制和方式。”在吸取了以往的经验教训的基础上,针对改革中遇到的一系列问题进行了深刻的总结。通过与非国有经济