市场与政府:美国实际与中国选择

市场与政府的关系到底是二元对立抑或互补平衡?西方学界内部对之一直存在较大的分歧.本文以宏观政策为主线,通过解构中美两国经济崛起的历史,探讨市场与政府的关系.研究表明,美国政府在经济重塑、危机应对等方面,都发挥了主导作用;美国在布雷顿森林体系建立之后,才真正意义上实行了贸易自由;即使是后里根时代,政府在经济发展中的作用也...     

区域经济协调发展视角下的科技创新路径探讨——以蓝黄两区为例

区域科技与经济系统的协调发展是实现区域集约型高质量经济增长的突破口,是社会、经济、生态三者获得高效协调统一的重要途径,是区域在不断变化的竞争格局中率先振兴的关键,更是区域凸显比较优势、实现可持续发展的前提条件和基础保障。科技创新在蓝黄统筹发展过程中同样发挥着重要的作用。一方面,科技进步对发展蓝黄统筹新型经济、提高海陆开发和综合管理能力具有重要的支撑引领作用;另一方面,蓝黄经济的统筹发展也能够产生强大的反哺效应,为科技创新奠定雄厚的物质基础。科技创新与蓝黄区域融合发展存在着较强的互动关系,两者相互影响、彼此制衡,其在高效互动状态下能够产生强大合力,推动区域经济社会健康快速发展。     

Selective hedging with market views and risk limits: the case of Hydro-Quebec

This study presents how Hydro-Quebec manages its short-term financial risks. The quantitative hedging model is articulated over forward and volatility premia and constrained by a yearly risk limit provided by the firm's Finance Committee. The hedging solutions provide the optimal linear hedging parameters and option strike levels. The second part of the paper is devoted to a theoretical analysis of the sensitivity of the optimal solutions to changes in the premia, by means of the general implicit function theorem.     

A theory of predictable excess returns in real estate

A principal-agent model is employed to characterize the equilibrium mortgage contract. The value of a house depends on the actions of its owner but affects the wealth of both the owner and the lender who writes the mortgage contract with which the house is purchased. Because of this, the buyer is exposed to moral hazard. In some situations, this can lead to inefficient maintenance and predictable excess returns to home ownership. Even though there are potential buyers willing to pay back more money, the bank will not write loans for these consumers because of the adverse incentive effects of such an action.     

股票停牌、涨跌停与ETF定价效率——基于上证50ETF日度数据的实证研究

本文应用中国股市2007年至2011年的数据,研究了上证50ETF市场价格和基金净值的相关关系,以及折溢价水平及其影响因素。基于ETF的申购赎回和交易机制,在成分股涨跌停板和停牌期间,由于ETF二级市场价格具有价格发现功能,ETF市场价格可能较大偏离(形式上的)ETF净值,造成ETF的异常折溢价,而此类异常折溢价并不是真正的套利机会。另外,上证50ETF的市场价格与基金净值存在显著同步变动的关系;在涨跌停板和停牌期间之外,上证50ETF的折溢价水平低于套利所需的交易成本。本文研究表明,上证50ETF具有较高的定价效率。     

The behaviour of betting and currency markets on the night of the EU referendum

We study the behaviours of the Betfair betting market and the sterling/dollar exchange rate (futures price) during 24 June 2016, the night of the EU referendum. We investigate how the two markets responded to the announcement of the voting results by employing a Bayesian updating methodology to update prior opinion about the likelihood of the final outcome of the vote. We then relate the voting model to the real-time evolution of the market-determined prices as the results were announced. We find that, although both markets appear to be inefficient in absorbing the new information contained in the vote outcomes, the betting market seems less inefficient than the FX market. The different rates of convergence to the fundamental value between the two markets lead to highly profitable arbitrage opportunities.     

Is there a diversification “cost” of Shari’ah compliance? Empirical evidence from Malaysian equities

Islamic equity portfolios work with a smaller investment universe given the filtering of non-Shari’ah compliant stocks. It has been theoretically argued that this culminates in suboptimal portfolio diversification, which in turn adversely affects risk-adjusted returns. We offer empirical evidence that such a conceived portfolio diversification “penalty” is far from a foregone conclusion, at least empirically. Our results tend to indicate that Islamic portfolios are not invariably handicapped in terms of portfolio diversification. We also explored dimensions that may account for differences in the relative investment performance between Islamic and conventional portfolios, such as portfolio constraints, short selling and market conditions. We believe this paper is among the first to apply substantial empirical analysis specifically with respect to the portfolio diversification perspective on Islamic equity investments.     

Existence of long memory in crude oil and petroleum products: Generalised Hurst exponent approach

This study examines the presence of long-run dependence in a variety of crude and refined energy spot markets during the 1986–2018 period using the time-varying generalised Hurst exponent. Our results indicate that the weak-form efficiency in energy spot markets is clearly time-varying, with USGC(U.S. Gulf Coast Conventional Gasoline) Diesel Fuel the most efficient and Propane the least. An important finding is that after the subprime crisis, the persistence of energy spot market products has increased. Overall, our finding highlights that the time-varying model is preferable to the time-constant one since the former can capture time-varying efficiency, which heavily depends on a country’s predominant economic and political conditions.     

On equity market inefficiency during the COVID-19 pandemic

We show that during the weeks following the initiation of the COVID-19 pandemic, the United States equity market was inefficient. This is demonstrated by showing that utility maximizing agents over the time period ranging from mid-February to late March 2020 can generate statistically significant profits by utilizing only historical price and virus related data to forecast future equity ETF returns. We generalize Merton’s optimal portfolio problem using a novel method based upon a likelihood ratio in order to construct a dynamic trading strategy for utility maximizing agents. These strategies are shown to have statistically significant profitability and strong risk and performance statistics during the COVID-19 time-frame.