政策契合、资源整合与创业能力

当前,我国经济发展进入新常态,高层次科技人才成为区域经济发展中科技创新创业的生力军。高层次科技人才创业能力高低成为决定其创业成功与否的关键因素。运用扎根理论对3位高层次科技人才创业案例进行研究,最终构建了高层次科技人才创业能力提升路径理论模型。高层次科技人才创业可通过契合区级政府人才政策获取政策支持,将自身创业资源与政策资源有效整合,从而大幅提升自身创业能力。     

Understanding resource investments

The Millennium Boom of 2003–2011 made the resources industry highly profitable and led to a surge in new projects around the world. This had major implications for the Australian economy: Resource investment accounted for almost half of all business investment at the peak and the buoyancy of the sector helped Australia to avoid the worst of the global financial crisis. Using the event-study approach, this article examines the wealth-creating effects of new resource projects at the individual company level. The results indicate substantial increases in shareholder returns occur around the time of announcements of government approval for projects, the finalization of feasibility studies and changes in the status of projects such as when a company decides to finally commit to invest in a project. Government approval is the most important milestone in the life cycle of a project, where abnormal returns around 4% are realized on announcement day.     

企业性格内涵、表现形式与演化机制

在明确界定企业性格内涵的基础上,构建了一个探索性理论架构,试图阐明由组织成员个体人格到组织层面企业性格的表现形式和演化机制,并基于6项核心特征分析,指出企业性格对组织竞争优势形成的3条作用路径,提炼出竞争优势形成的性格基础观,为未来研究提出整合性分析框架。     

Local resource reallocation considering practical feasibility: a centralized data envelopment analysis approach

Many studies have addressed resource allocation issues by using centralized data envelopment analysis models. However, few of them provided a local resource reallocation plan which may be carried out more easily. This article proposes two models to get such plans. The first one considers an acceptable percentage of changes in resources to ensure practical feasibility. The second one further considers a situation where resources can only be allowed to shift within specific units. The proposed models are applied to an empirical study based on a hospital system in Taiwan. To demonstrate the practical feasibility of the suggested plans, we compare our reallocation suggestions to a plan that can make the whole system be perfectly efficient. The main conclusion is that the plans derived from our models are more practically feasible than that with perfect efficiency.     

大数据环境特征对IT外包项目绩效的影响

对知识密集型的IT外包行业来说,大数据环境成为接包企业潜在的知识来源。然而,大数据环境是否真的促进IT接包项目绩效？如何从中获益？现有文献对这些问题缺乏研究。基于资源编排理论,探讨了大数据易得性和冗杂性对IT接包项目绩效的直接影响,检验了功能组合和专项突破两种软件开发策略的调节作用,提出6条假设,采用195个IT外包项目数据进行检验。研究发现,大数据易得性显著提高接包项目绩效,而大数据冗杂性显著降低项目绩效;功能组合策略增强而专项突破策略削弱了大数据易得性对项目绩效的促进作用;两种开发策略对大数据冗杂性与项目绩效关系的调节作用不显著。     

分布式账本技术:区块链与经济管理研究的国际演进

分布式账本技术在中国数据管理、会计审计、金融经济等领域引发研究与实践热潮。应用CiteSpaceV和NVivo11对1991-2017年1~6月该主题国际（WoS与Scopus）国内（CNKI）的1 014条文献和1 005条专利记录进行LLR网络聚类、关键词共现、NVivo词频分析、Timezone时区、Institution和 Country、学科分布等研究。结果发现,国际研究尚未形成完整的分布式账本技术理论体系;国际研究偏重基础、技术、管理等底层技术,国内研究偏重于经济管理具体应用,专利数据统计也呈现这一特征;国际研究演进路径是“区块—链—区块链—与经济管理结合—计算机、网络、算法、供应链、技术研究推进—应用具象化—未来拓展”;美国处于国际研究与实践成果第一阵营和合作中心;工程、作业与管理、商业与经济、管理是相关研究与实践所需的知识结构。     

Burden of illness for super-refractory status epilepticus patients

Objective: To provide an estimate of the annual number of super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE) cases in the US and to evaluate utilization of hospital resources by these patients.

Methods: The Premier Hospital Database was utilized to estimate the number of SRSE cases based on hospital discharges during 2012. Discharges were classified as SRSE cases based on an algorithm using seizure-related International Classification of Diseases-9 (ICD-9) codes, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS), and treatment protocols (e.g. benzodiazepines, anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs), and ventilator use). Secondary analyses were conducted using more restrictive algorithms for SRSE.

Results: A total of 6,325 hospital discharges were classified as SRSE cases from a total of 5,300,000 hospital discharges. Applying a weighting based on hospital characteristics and 2012?US demographics, this projected to an estimated 41,156 cases of SRSE in the US during 2012, an estimated incidence rate of ～13/100,000 annually for SRSE in the US. Secondary analyses using stricter SRSE algorithms resulted in estimated incidence rates of ～11/100,000 and 8/100,000 annually. The mean LOS for SRSE hospitalizations was 16.5 days (median =11; interquartile range [IQR]?=?6–20), and the mean ICU LOS was 9.3 days (median =6; IQR =3–12). The mean cost of an SRSE hospitalization was $51,247 (median = $33,294; 95% CI = $49,634–$52,861).

Limitations: The analysis uses ICD-9 diagnostic codes and claims information, and there are inherent limitations in any methodology based on treatment protocol, which created challenges in distinguishing with complete accuracy between SRSE, RSE, and SE on the basis of care patterns in the database.

Conclusion: SRSE is associated with high mortality and morbidity, which place a high burden on healthcare resources. Projections based upon the findings of this study suggest an estimated 25,821–41,959 cases of SRSE may occur in the US each year, but more in-depth studies are required.     

Resource utilization and procedure-related costs associated with transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement

Aims: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is an alternative to surgical valve replacement for patients with aortic stenosis (AS). This study assessed the impact of changing from a self-expandable (SE) valve to a balloon-expandable (BE) valve on healthcare resource use and procedural costs in a population of inoperable AS patients.

Methods: In this retrospective single center study, data for 195 patients who received either an SE or a BE valve between 2010–2014 were collected. Procedural and post-procedural healthcare resource use and cost parameters were determined for the two groups.

Results: The study showed that overall procedural time, including time required by medical personnel, was significantly shorter for TAVI using a BE compared with an SE valve. Post-surgery, patients in the BE valve group had significantly shorter hospital stays than the SE valve group, including significantly fewer days spent in the intensive care unit (ICU). Additionally, trends towards reduced 30-day mortality, incidence of new permanent pacemaker implantation, and incidence of blood transfusion were observed in the BE valve group compared with the SE valve group. Finally, total procedural costs were 24% higher in the SE compared with the BE valve group.

Limitations: The BE valve data were acquired in a single year, whereas the SE valve data were from a 5-year period. However, a year-by-year analysis of patient characteristics and study outcomes for the SE valve group showed few significant differences over this 5-year period.

Conclusions: Overall, changing from an SE to a BE valve for TAVI in patients with severe AS reduced both healthcare resource use and procedure-related costs, while maintaining patient safety. For healthcare providers, this could increase efficiency and capacity within the healthcare system, with the added advantage of reducing costs.     

资源价值流转下火电企业环保投资决策研究

火电企业因其巨大的节能减排潜力,在绿色发展与可持续发展方面备受关注,而传统的成本核算方法已难以满足企业循环经济改造需求。引入资源价值流理论,通过识别企业内部废弃物成本和外部环境损害价值,寻找企业循环经济改造的关键节点,并建立“经济—环境”二维体系,结合层次分析法和灰色局势决策模型构建环保投资决策模型。在此基础上,以CS火电厂为例,实施资源价值流分析并针对“锅炉燃烧中心”和“燃煤运输中心”提出3个环保投资备选方案,利用环保投资决策模型优选最佳环保投资方案。基于资源价值流分析的环保投资决策,可为火电企业实现经济与环境效益双赢提供有效支持。     

多层次视角的新兴技术创新管理研究回顾与展望

新兴技术创新是近年来管理学研究的热点。为了更好地丰富新兴技术创新管理的研究理论、研究视角和研究方法,对新兴技术创新的内涵特征、理论视角、关键要素进行了评述,并扩展形成了多层次的新兴技术创新管理整合研究框架,归纳了较为完整的研究体系和脉络。最后,提出未来研究应当重点关注新兴技术创新的能力体系构建、开放式学习视角的引入以及新兴技术创新过程中的动态资源管理等,并进一步结合中国转型经济环境开展更有针对性的研究。