新疆乌昌地区50家民营企业发展状况调查研究

通过对乌昌地区50家民营企业的调查研究,总结乌昌地区民营企业发展中存在的问题并提出相应的建议,以促进新疆经济的发展。     

企业战略成本管理初探

当前大多数民营企业的成本管理还是传统型、短期型和战术型的,很难适应社会经济和全球经济发展的需要。因此,认真抓好企业战略成本管理,已成为当前民营企业管理创新的一项迫切任务。     

中国私募基金运作机制研究

私募基金是相对于公募的共同基金而言的一种基金类型，这种基金属于一种合伙人制的小型私人投资公司，主要投资于公开交易的证券和衍生金融产品，是一种高风线的投机基金。随着证券市场改革的深入，私募基金面临的环境发生了重大变换，本文从研究美国私募基金运作机制入手，探讨适合中国私募基金运作的机制，以规范和发展我国的私募基金。     

黑龙江省改善民营经济发展市场环境的对策

民营经济是国民经济的重要组成部分，营造公平、有效的市场环境，将有利于民营经济公平地参与市场竞争，最大限度地利用民营企业的经济资源，为社会创造更多的财富，加速民营企业做大做强，改善民营经济的发展环境。     

Risks and the financing of PPP: Perspectives from the financiers

Public private partnerships (PPP) are an established model for most governments internationally to provide infrastructure-based services, using private finance. Typically the public authority will sign a contract with a special purpose vehicle (SPV), which, because of the holistic nature of PPP, in turn sub-contracts the finance, design, construction, maintenance and soft services to companies that are often related to its shareholders. Thus there is a considerable network of linked organisations that together procure and provide the PPP project.While there is an increasing body of research that examines these PPP projects, much of it is interview or case study based so that the evidence is drawn from a small number of interviews or cases in specific sectors. It also focuses on the public sector procurer and the private sector contractor in the network of organisations. Although it has been recognised that the perceptions of the financiers may vary from those of other key PPP players there is much less research that focuses on the financiers.In this paper we report the results of a postal questionnaire survey, administered to 109 providers of senior debt and equity, from which the response rate was just less than 40%. We supplement these findings with a small number of illustrative quotes from interviewees, where the cited quote represents a commonly held view. We used SPSS and Nvivo to analyse the data.The findings show that when assessing PPPs financiers perceive a very wide range of risks as important, and that it is important to them that many of these risks are either insured or allocated to sub-contractors. When considering participating in PPPs, financiers agree that working with familiar partners on familiar projects and in familiar sectors is important, which may raise barriers to entry and undermine competitive processes.     

THE SUBSTANCE OF ACCOUNTING FOR PUBLIC‐PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS

This article evaluates Public‐Private Partnerships (PPP) accounting practice and the related financial accounting and reporting requirements. Governments across the world are seeking to access private finance to improve public infrastructure. Accounting for PPPs has encountered many difficulties, one of which is the practice by which PPPs are not accounted for as fixed assets on the balance sheet of either the public sector client or the private sector operator. Accounting for PPPs has grown in importance at a time of transition from national Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (GAAP) to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Under UK GAAP, both client and operator accounting adopt the reasoning – familiar from leasing standards – of the allocation of risks and rewards between the parties to determine the party which should recognize the fixed asset on its balance sheet. The gap in IFRS with regard to operator accounting has been filled by the interpretation IFRIC 12 on service concession agreements: this moves the reasoning from risks and rewards to control, familiar from consolidation standards. The UK Treasury and the International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board (IPSASB) have required/proposed the adoption of the mirror‐image treatment of IFRIC 12. In most, but not all, cases, control will be assessed to rest with the client, which will recognize property, plant and equipment, and not with the operator, which will recognize either a financial asset or an intangible asset on the basis of an assessment of which party bears the majority of risks and rewards. Under both UK GAAP and IFRS, accounting policy choices are strongly influenced by, for the client, governmental control frameworks, and for the operator, by the implications for the profile of distributable profits and for taxation. An important public policy issue is that the national accounts, which for European Union member states must comply with European System of Accounts 1995, will remain on a risks and rewards basis. It is these numbers that will be used in assessments of macro‐fiscal policy and fiscal risks, notwithstanding that the Eurostat version of risks and rewards is even more open to manipulation than were the national financial reporting standards.     

中小民营企业与关系型融资——基于濮院羊毛衫产业的实证研究

信贷市场的信息不对称导致了中小民营企业面临着严重的信贷约束,关系型融资是解决中小民营企业信贷约束的一种方式.拳文运用濮院羊毛衫产业的调研数据,检验了地缘性和事缘性关系对中小民营企业获得融资的影响.研究结果表明中小民营企业家在本地创业面临的信贷约束较低;此外,企业家在日常经营过程中积累的事缘性关系有助于其获得正式和非正式的融资.进一步的计量检验支持了我们的假设.     

非金融企业债务融资工具非公开定向发行研究

为促进银行间债券市场需求的差异化、多样化,活跃市场交易、推动市场发展,中国银行间市场交易商协会于2011年4月29日发布《银行间债券市场非金融企业债务融资工具非公开定向发行规则》。这是我国银行间债券市场发行方式上的一大创新。本文在对银行间债券市场发展历程进行回顾的基础上,对非公开定向发行的主要特点与运行制度安排进行了详细分析。比较了非公开定向发行与公开发行的六点差异。在此基础上,本文列举了推出非公开定向发行方式的四点重要意义。最后,本文对发展中应予重视的五类风险进行了系统剖析。     

民间资本进入金融领域问题研究——以松原市为例

随着我国经济的不断发展,民间资本的实力不断发展壮大。为正确引导其健康发展,国家出台了很多相关的政策法规。民间资本对我国的经济发展有着重要的作用,其中,民间资本进入金融领域,发挥其灵活、多样的特点,既有利于经济发展,也有利于其自身的壮大。本文分析了松原市民间资本在金融领域的发展现状及特点,指出了存在的问题,并针对问题提出了对策建议。     

不完全契约在民营企业财务管理中的应用

民营企业在产权、融资、分配以及信息方面存在的问题是阻碍企业发展的瓶颈,明晰产权、建立完善的内部控制制度,完善信用担保体系、管理信息化等措施,对降低契约不完全性具有一定的指导意义.