新中国成立70年浙江省对外贸易发展的历程、特征、启示与展望

新中国成立70年来,浙江省对外贸易伴随着共和国的发展不断成长,从无到有,从小到大,从弱到强,在经济社会发展中的战略地位和作用持续增强。这期间,浙江省对外贸易在进出口商品结构、贸易方式、市场主体、贸易伙伴、业态发展等多个方面,均实现了历史性跨越。课题组以海关统计数据为基础,详细梳理分析了新中国成立以来浙江省对外贸易发展的主要历程以及特征,并结合当前日益严峻复杂的国际形势和经济全球化带来的挑战与机遇,提出进一步深化改革,大力发展实体经济,推动高质量发展、高水平开放的政策建议。     

异质性贸易成本与企业出口产品质量:机理与事实

文章基于Antoniades（2015）模型,将企业创新行为纳入企业产品质量模型,分析贸易成本变化对企业出口产品质量影响的微观机理,发现贸易成本上升对企业出口产品质量同时存在生产率门槛效应和创新抑制效应,生产率门槛效应会放大在位企业的生产率优势,促进企业出口产品质量提升;而创新抑制效应会削弱企业的创新水平,降低企业出口产品质量。采用中国微观企业数据检验相关结论发现：总体上,贸易成本上升显著的降低了企业出口产品质量,其中,贸易成本对劳动密集型企业和加工贸易企业的出口产品质量降低作用更大,而对资本密集型企业和一般贸易企业的降低幅度较小。中介效应的检验发现：贸易成本的生产率门槛效应和创新抑制效应同时存在,并且创新抑制效应更大,因此总体上,贸易成本会降低企业出口产品质量。     

土地整治新增耕地评定方法研究

土地整治新增耕地质量评定,对提高土地整治的综合效益,完善耕地质量评定技术体系,促进土地管理科学决策有重要的理论和实践价值。本文认为,新增耕地质量建设可分为"平台"质量和"利用"质量两个阶段,国土部门的耕地分等定级主要是对耕地"平台"质量的评定,应从土地整治新增耕地特点出发,采用特尔斐法和层次分析法,将土地整治工程中的"基础设施"条件作为新增耕地质量评定重要的指标。     

New imported inputs,new domestic products

We study the relationship between new imported inputs and the introduction of new domestic products. To this purpose, we assemble a novel data set covering 25 European countries over 1995–2007 and containing information on domestic production and bilateral trade for the universe of goods. We develop a procedure to identify new imported inputs and new domestic products, while dealing with the complications raised by the yearly changes in the commodity classifications. We augment these data with information on prices and novel estimates of quality. We organize the empirical analysis around a version of the endogenous growth model with expanding variety, in which inputs are allowed to be heterogeneous in terms of quality. In line with this framework, we find three main results. First, new imported inputs have a strong positive effect on product creation in Europe. Second, they work through a combination of mechanisms, allowing countries to benefit from both wider and better sets of intermediate products. Finally, new imported inputs give a substantial boost to output growth in manufacturing.     

Reduce product counterfeiting: An integrated approach

There is substantial interconnection between the reduction of product counterfeiting and quality management. This article seeks to demonstrate how integrating anti-counterfeiting initiatives into quality management strategies can reduce risk in the supply chain. We explore issues pertaining to product counterfeiting, the practical application and constraints of anti-counterfeiting initiatives within the supply chain, and the intersection of anti-counterfeiting initiatives with quality management programs. Gaps in current management strategies to address these issues are identified, and a potential remedy to address these deficiencies is proposed. Practical suggestions regarding the application of quality principles to offset counterfeiting should reduce risk in the supply chain.     

浅析课程设置在高校素质教育中的重要性

高校是我国现代化建设的一个人才库。高校的素质教育要求对学生进行通识教育,而进行通识教育需要有相应的课程设置。高校的课程设置决定了素质教育在高等教育中能否真正的贯彻实施。本文针对高校课程设置中存在的问题来分析和阐释课程改革的对策及建议。     

Monopoly versus Competition in Setting Accounting Standards

Financial accounting standards are set by organizations granted a significant degree of monopoly power by various governments. While there has been considerable debate on the merits of national (e.g., US Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB)) versus international (International Accounting Standards Board (IASB)) monopolies, little attention has been paid to the merits of using competing standard‐setting organizations (SSOs) for setting accounting standards. We compare the standard‐setting processes of the FASB/IASB to the processes of four technology‐oriented SSOs to assess the role of competition. We also provide a case study of monopoly and competitive standards in telephony. Both telephony and accounting yield some gains from coordination, and similar arguments are used (under the labels of comparability and consistency of accounting) in debates about granting a monopoly to their respective SSOs. Our results show that a group of volunteers competing with the government‐sanctioned monopoly of International Telecommunications Union transformed the telephone industry. Thanks to this standards competition, we enjoy free video internet calling and massive cost savings. Implications for accounting standard setting are discussed.     

神经网络在实验室检测工作质量管理及控制中的应用

对实验室检测工作质量中存在的风险因素进行研究,形成风险评价指标体系,并运用BP神经网络建立风险分析评价模型,对风险评价指标进行量化评价,最终获得量化的实验室整体检测工作质量风险数据,为实验室有效管理提供科学决策依据。     

进口商品风险分类监管模式的探讨

从风险管理角度出发,提出通过构建进口商品分类管理的监管模式,建立风险分类管理体系,并给出了具体的措施和建议。结果对于创新进口风险监管模式,改善和促进我国进口商品质量安全管理具有重要作用。     

进出口商品质量指数在进口棉花上的应用

为了评价进出口商品的综合质量水平,研究构建了进出口商品质量指数测评模型。统计历年来棉花检验检疫、通报退运、不合格货值等数据,通过对各相关指标的权重设置,选定一个基期,测算出进口棉花质量指数。再通过一个时期不间断的数据采集及分析,可以得知该时间周期内进口棉花质量水平的变化情况,并对不合格情况提出警示。研究结果可以提高检验检疫监管效能,有利于各级监管部门进行有效监管。