基于潮汐交通的可变车道分流带设置研究

为了提高潮汐交通道路的安全度,基于南京市虎踞路调查的交通数据,分析其潮汐交通特性,针对潮汐路段提出优化设计方案,在可变车道内,分析车辆的速度、道路宽度以及汽车转弯半径对分流带长度的影响,利用切函数与约束函数,设计一定长度的自动可移动式分流带。利用交通微观仿真平台vissim对实施协调控制后的结果进行仿真实验,结果表明控制后的车头间距增大,通行效率得到提高,安全度提高。     

ZigBee技术在智能交通信号灯控制中的应用研究

针对传统的定时切换交通信号控制模型已无法满足日益增长的交通需求,采用ZigBee无线传感器网络技术。设计一种智能控制信号灯系统,根据当前道路的实时情况,将采集的实时信息,通过ZigBee网络,发送到子控制模块。由子控制模块传输到主控制模块,主控制模块对数据进行处理,产生合理的交通信号灯动态配时方案,进行较为合理的道路管理,提高交通效率。实验结果证明该系统利用巨磁阻传感器和加速度传感器,结合对道路情况实时采集,通过ZigBee无线网络传送信息;设备之间通过无线网络连接,无需挖路布线,在智能交通领域具有一定的应用价值。     

机载防撞系统干扰限制功能的设计与实现

针对机载防撞系统(TCAS)空对空通信时存在的同步混扰,采用飞机分布因子结合问询功率和问询速率的控制方法,建立了干扰限制的数学模型,给出了TCAS监视功能干扰限制的设计流程。按照DO-185B标准定义的高密度飞机分布环境,采用计算机仿真得到了TCAS干扰限制功能在高密度空域中统计性能,对不同监视区域中TCAS应答机的占用率与DO-185B的设计需求进行比较,验证了设计的干扰限制功能的有效性和实用性。仿真结果表明干扰限制算法能够满足高密度空域中TCAS监视功能的要求,在TCAS干扰限制功能的设计和性能评估方面具有实际应用价值。     

起落航线训练目视飞行下跑道容量评估

对混合运输的机场来说,运输飞行的效率与起落航线上的飞行训练的效率是互相影响的。为了做出此类型下的跑道容量评估,提出考虑起落航线训练目视飞行下的跑道容量评估模型。该模型考虑了训练飞行目视间隔对起飞间隔的影响,抽象航空器占用跑道时的运行过程,以目视间隔为关键因素,在此基础上分析讨论运输类型以及机型对跑道容量的影响。使用Anylogic进行仿真计算,结果表明使用目视间隔可以大幅提升跑道服务能力,容量提升了55%左右,验证了该方法和模型的有效性。     

莫言诺奖演说结尾的三个故事意蕴何在？——对莫言诺贝尔文学奖演说的解读与透视

莫言的＂诺奖＂演说,不仅详实回顾了自己由一个饱受饥饿的穷孩子成长为一名作家的人生历程,还详略有别地介绍了自己的主要作品;同时,将个人独到的文学理念和宝贵的创作经验穿插其中,使得人生历程→文学作品→文学理念和创作经验,既一脉相承,又水乳交融;最后以三个含蓄的故事,给自己的文学创作画龙点睛。平实中寄寓深刻,质朴里蕴含真知,这便给从事文学创作的人们,以诸多耐人寻味的启示。     

综合交通枢纽本体的解析

明确综合交通枢纽的物理、经济与人文内涵，对交通枢纽的规划、设计、建设及运营有方向性指导意义。由里到外、从内涵到外延，按基础设施、运营及管理三方面的基本要求，梳理综合交通枢纽的概念、性质、经济规律及作用；概括发展综合交通枢纽的六项本质属性。结合案例说明综合交通枢纽在现代化城市中发挥的功能及作用。     

视频智能监控检测道路拥挤度方法

近年来，视频监控系统已经广泛应用于道路交通管控中。本文通过检测移动物体的图像序列估算交通拥挤度。该算法是通过拥挤度估算模型计算单位时间内检测移动物体数量，得到实时的交通信息。本文应用MATLAB实现了这一估算方法，并在实际道路测试验证了该计算方法的可靠性。     

Seat-belt use still low in Kuwait: self-reported driving behaviours among adult drivers

Kuwait mandated seat-belt use by drivers in 1976 and by front seat passengers in 1994. The study objectives were to identify and estimate current factors associated with seat-belt use and levels of potentially unsafe driving behaviours in Kuwait. In 2010, 741 adults were surveyed regarding driving habits and history. Only 41.6% of drivers reported always using a seat belt. Front seat passenger belt use was more common (30.5%) than rear seat belt use (6.5%). Distracted driving behaviours were common, including mobile phone use (‘always’ or ‘almost always’: 51.1%) and texting/SMS (32.4%). Logistic regression indicated that drivers who were young (18–19 years), male, Kuwaiti nationals or non-Kuwaiti Arabs, drove over the speed limit, had traffic violation tickets or >1 car crashes in the last year, were less likely to use seat belts. Targeted initiatives to increase public awareness and to enforce car-safety legislation, including use of seat belts, are necessary to decrease the health burden of car crashes in Kuwait.     

Knowledge,beliefs and attitudes of squash venue operators relating to use of protective eyewear

Sports venues are in a position to potentially influence the safety practices of their patrons. This study examined the knowledge, beliefs and attitudes of venue operators that could influence the use of protective eyewear by squash players. A 50% random sample of all private and public squash venues affiliated with the Victorian Squash Federation in metropolitan Melbourne was selected. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 15 squash venue operators during August 2001. Interviews were transcribed and content and thematic analyses were performed. The content of the interviews covered five topics: (1) overall injury risk perception, (2) eye injury occurrence, (3) knowledge, behaviors, attitudes and beliefs associated with protective eyewear, (4) compulsory protective eyewear and (5) availability of protective eyewear at venues. Venue operators were mainly concerned with the severe nature of eye injuries, rather than the relatively low incidence of these injuries. Some venue operators believed that players should wear any eyewear, rather than none at all, and believed that more players should use protective eyewear. Generally, they did not believe that players with higher levels of experience and expertise needed to wear protective eyewear when playing. Only six venues had at least one type of eyewear available for players to hire or borrow or to purchase. Operators expressed a desire to be informed about correct protective eyewear. Appropriate protective eyewear is not readily available at squash venues. Better-informed venue operators may be more likely to provide suitable protective eyewear.