环境会计信息供求双方的博弈分析

在构建我国环境会计信息披露体系的过程中,我们通常以国家宏观利益为研究导向,忽视信息供求双方的微观利益及其内部效用;以外在制约为主要手段,缺乏内在激励。我国环境信息披露目标难以达成的症结之一在于信息供求双方的内部效用无法满足而造成的披露动力不足。文章以信息供求双方内部效用为逻辑起点进行博弈分析,提出从短期和长期两方面激励企业环境披露信息的建议。     

Managing competitive software component supplier relationships

This study addresses purchasing challenges faced by companies buying commercial software components. The purpose is to find out how we can understand the purchasing challenges in software component business. First we develop pre-understanding based on knowledge on competitive supplier relationships and competitive bidding. This is elaborated empirically through a qualitative case study. We contribute to prior literature by concluding that the nature of software component supplier relationships is influenced by the object and costs of exchange. We also argue that, in markets like software component business, it is essential to pay attention to the development of the whole supply market.     

Technology, Labor Wars, and Producer Dynamics: Explaining Consolidation in Beefpacking

Beefpacking underwent a dramatic transformation in the 1970s and 1980s, as plants got much larger and industry concentration rose dramatically. We use individual Census Bureau plant records to analyze the sources of the transformation. We find that there were modest but extensive scale economies in packing plants, covering the full range of plant sizes, and that such economies became more important throughout the period of the study. As production shifted to larger plants, we estimate that the industry's aggregate processing costs fell by 35.3% by 2002, compared to what they would have been without consolidation.     

Ownership concentration, voluntary disclosures and information asymmetry in New Zealand

This paper investigates the impact of different classes of ownership concentration on information asymmetry conditional upon corporate voluntary disclosures in New Zealand. The current paper attempts to extend this stream of research by incorporating three mutually exclusive ownership structures and considering the interactive relationship between such ownership structures and corporate voluntary disclosures. Results reveal that ownership concentration in general is significantly positively associated with bid-ask spreads (proxy for information asymmetry) observed around annual report release dates. This finding supports the adverse selection hypothesis and importantly this effect is found to be most pronounced for financial institutions and management-controlled ownership categories. When voluntary disclosure is taken into account, the findings demonstrate that disclosures significantly attenuate information asymmetry risk associated with ownership concentration. This effect is particularly pronounced for firms with management-controlled ownership structures. The findings highlight the importance of corporate disclosures under concentrated ownership structures especially management-controlled ownership structures in reducing information asymmetry and enhancing market efficiency in New Zealand.     

我国人身保险市场结构变化与预测分析

虽然保险业经受了本次金融危机的考验,但是保险业可能成为系统性风险传导链条上的一环,因此,保险监管机构需要转变审慎监管方式,建立适合保险业的宏观审慎监管框架。在这个背景下,对中国人身保险市场结构现状有一个较为清晰和准确的认识就显得十分必要。研究发现:从全国范围来说,我国寿险市场主体数量较少,人身险市场集中度过高,市场结构为寡头垄断,但各地区的人身险市场结构又各有特点,经济发达地区人身险保险市场结构已经过渡到垄断竞争阶段。根据成分数据预测结果分析,在"十二五"期间,我国人身险的市场集中度继续呈下降趋势。     

股票市场发展、资本要素积累与产业结构升级

本文从要素流动角度,在中观和微观层面上实证检验了中国A股市场是否存在推动产业结构优化升级的作用机制。实证结果表明,股票市场规模的扩大有效推动了三次产业和工业产业的结构优化升级,市场流动性的高低对产业结构优化升级存在负向效应,而城市化进程的加快及垂直专业化程度的提高可以降低该负向效应;战略性新兴产业上市公司经营绩效显著,并在创业板市场上最具成长性,而且行业内资本集中度越低、市场风险越高,越能激励行业内企业上市。本文据此在扩大股票市场规模、增强市场流动性、上市资源选择、创业板市场建设等方面提出了相应的政策建议。     

产业集聚与空间集聚的协调发展研究

自20世纪90年代以来,中国沿海地区出现了一批别具特色的产业集聚区,有力地推动了当地经济的快速发展。各地政府开始纷纷借鉴沿海地区经验,通过引导部分产业向该地区集聚以实现经济增长,带动城市化建设。探讨产业集聚与城市空间集聚之间是否协调发展,成为当前关注的焦点。文章阐述了产业集聚与空间集聚协调发展的内涵,并从理论上分析了两者间存在的促进机制和反馈机制。以中国制造业为例,实证分析了制造业产业集聚与城市空间集聚的关系,发现自1990年以来我国产业集聚和城市空间集聚之间呈现出一定的协调性,并在此基础上给出了相关政策建议。     

基于主成分分析的应急保障军队车辆器材供应商选择

分析了突发事件中军队车辆器材应急保障的特点,在此基础上建立了军队车辆器材供应商评价的指标体系,并将主成分分析应用于供应商的评价选择。根据应急保障车辆器材供应商的实际指标数据进行了实例计算,并对各供应商进行综合评价,验证了主成分分析在应急保障车辆器材供应商选择上应用的可行性与准确性。     

面向S-F二级供应链的VMI供应商培植策略研究——基于HITACHI的供应商培植案例

结合HITACHI的VMI供应商培植的案例,探讨了面向S-F二级供应链的核心制造企业培植VMI供应商的程序和策略及其所带来的启示,为我国企业实施VMI提供借鉴意义。     

客户群体特征对企业创新绩效的影响研究——以中国制造业上市公司供应链为例

通常认为,供应链下游在地理空间上的集聚会促进信息交互和组织学习,强化核心企业的话语权,提升创新绩效。文章认为,在特定条件下,客户地理邻近也可能会拉低企业创新绩效,形成创新“空间锁定”困局。基于2009-2017年中国A股制造业上市公司及其供应链数据,考察客户地理邻近性对企业创新绩效的影响作用,并将客户集中度和客户属地多样性作为情境因素纳入研究框架。研究发现：客户地理邻近性与企业创新绩效呈倒U型关系,在一定阈值范围内客户地理邻近性拉升企业创新绩效,而超过该阈值客户地理邻近性抑制企业创新绩效;客户集中度对客户地理邻近性与企业创新绩效的关系不存在调节效应;客户属地多样性强化了客户地理邻近性与企业创新绩效的倒U型关系。以上结论从供应链视角揭示企业创新规律,对企业创新的内生机制研究形成了有益补充,有助于重新认识企业创新绩效的影响机制。