大型焊接工程结构施工过程中的焊接质量控制

阐述了大型工程结构现场施工过程中焊接质量控制的基本内容和方法,针对焊接过程中不同阶段的质量控制事项进行相应描述与分析,并就相关问题提出相应的处理措施,为大型焊接工程结构焊接质量的控制提供了一定的方法。     

大型塑管直焊机的开发

为了更好地解决大型塑料管材铺装中的密封连接问题,本文介绍了一种新的加工工艺及与之配套的、用于在线操作的大型塑管焊机的开发过程及其工作原理、性能和特点。     

Backup strategy for robots’ failures in an automotive assembly system

Automotive assembly lines are often characterized by robots’ failures that may result in stoppages of the lines and manual backup of tasks. The phenomena tend to impair throughput rate and products’ quality. This paper presents a backup strategy in which working robots perform tasks of failed robots. The proposed Mixed-Integer Linear-Programming based approach minimizes the throughput loss by utilizing the robots’ redundancy in the system. Two algorithms are developed to comply with stochastic conditions of a real-world environment. The performance of these algorithms is compared with several heuristics, and the downstream-backup based algorithm is found superior to all other methods.     

计算机辅助设计在人工宝石琢型设计中的应用研究

文章主要介绍计算机辅助设计技术的相关概念,并结合具体实例论述其在人工宝石琢型设计中的应用。     

球罐焊接后热处理对残余应力的影响

球罐容积大、壳体壁厚、球壳板刚度较大,在组装过程中不可避免地产生较大的组装与焊接残余应力和变形,因而球罐焊后整体热处理对其安全使用尤为重要。本文采用SYSWELD工程有限元分析软件中的热处理工具,结合实际的热处理规范要求,加载焊接后模型的温度场和残余应力场状态,以达到对焊后热处理的真实模拟。为研究焊后热处理工艺对减小焊接残余应力的意义提供理论指导。     

CBE模式及其在焊接专业教学改革中的应用探索

在基于"能力本位"教育的CBE模式启发下,结合焊接专业自身特点,从教学内容、教学方法和教学模式等方面入手就该专业的教学改革作了些许分析和阐述,皆在培养出具有较强的实践能力和一定的科研能力且能够较快较好适应社会适应岗位的中高级焊接技术人才。在教学内容上,力求做到"必需"和"够用",并及时更新补充焊接领域的新知识,加强实践教学环节并将科研和教学有机结合,以培养学生的创新能力和创新意识。在教学方法上,重视学生个体性意识,突出学生主体性意识,转被动接受为主动探求,充分发挥学生学习的主观能动性。在教学模式上,以就业为导向,以职业岗位所需能力为出发点和核心,改革单一教学模式,建立校内校外实训基地,引入国际焊接工程师资格培训认证,有效提高学生的就业适应能力。     

通过主蒸汽阀门的焊接浅谈异种钢焊接的问题

异种钢的焊接一直是焊接施工的难点,本文通过生产中的实例——主蒸汽阀门的焊接,初步探讨异种钢的焊接问题,以期为其它异种钢的焊接提供参考。     

“知识分子负担”与家务劳动——劳心与劳力、性别与阶级之一

20世纪80年代关于“知识分子负担”的讨论凸显了脑力劳动（业务工作）和体力劳动（家务劳动）的矛盾,使家务劳动的问题成为一个阶层的特有负担,而遮蔽了性别的问题。重读80年代的小说《人到中年》可以读出以下问题：家务劳动在话语上怎样变成了一种负担？陆文婷为什么只能代表知识分子,而不是女性？谁是家务劳动理想的、合适的承担者？“知识分子负担”的话语如何为保姆进城搭台？对小部分家庭而言,雇佣家务劳动是用阶级的关系“解决”家务劳动中性别分工的问题和家务劳动社会化不足的问题。社会主流对家务劳动的定位、认识和处理反映出改革时代的现代化进程中,脑体、城乡和男女这三组社会差别的重构。     

焊接应力和变形的控制方法

通过研究焊接变形现象和对产生焊接应力的各种影响因素进行分析,文章提出了在钢结构焊接过程中因焊件的不均匀膨胀和收缩而造成焊接变形的解决方法。     

Manual dishwashing process – a pre‐assigned behaviour?

Global studies have observed many techniques of manual dishwashing causing different levels of performance and using quite different amounts of water, energy, time and detergent. It is not known, however, if these techniques are pre‐assigned to a person and persist when dishes are washed under different conditions, or are adapted to the specific type of dish‐cleaning process. Here we explored this question in a study with 40 test subjects selected equally from Germany and East European countries by asking them to wash two place settings of dishes with different amounts of soil three times. The results showed that the test subjects did not adapt their washing‐up behaviour to the amount of soil. In general, no significant differences were found in the water, energy and detergent consumption for all test subjects. Only the time used by the German test subjects to wash the fully soiled dishes was significantly longer compared with the dishes with only a quarter the quantity of soil, and no significant difference was observed for all other parts. The only significant difference found between the level of soiling of the dishes was the cleaning result achieved: The less soiled the dishes were, the better the final cleaning result was, and this related to all test subjects. This lends support to the proposition that the consumers did not adapt their washing‐up behaviour to the specific circumstances of the dishwashing job to be done but retained some pre‐assigned behaviour.