关联方交易会计规范的不足及完善

我国关联方交易会计规范存在的不足主要有:(1)对关联方关系范围的界定过于狭窄,完全忽视了隐性的关联方关系;(2)对关联方交易性质的界定有失偏颇,过于强调关联方交易的危害;(3)对关联方交易具体形式的变化估计不足,会计规范无法达到预期效果。我们应结合关联方交易发展的新趋势,从完善关联方交易立法、制定关联方交易准则、完善监管规范体系和强化内部约束机制等方面来规范我国公司的关联方交易行为。     

企业规模、市场结构与创新——来自不同行业的经验证据

本文利用2000~2003中国工业统计数据,选取其中的五个行业(电子、纺织、服装、化学和机械行业),研究企业规模、产业集中度等与创新的关系的行业差异。研究发现,企业规模、市场结构与创新之间一般不存在简单的线性关系。在不同的行业,它可以表现为U型或倒U型曲线。这种产业之间的差异表明,我们不能单纯地根据与企业规模有关的特性来解释企业创新。而对于产业结构,我们需要进行更加具体细致的调查和分析。单纯的产业集中度指标不足以完全反映产业的真实状况。     

Conditional performance, portfolio rebalancing, and momentum of small-cap mutual funds

To assess the performance of small-cap stocks net of transaction costs, we analyze 165 actively managed small-cap oriented portfolios. Our analysis addresses three areas of interest: (i) performance net of transaction costs, (ii) the magnitude of trading costs incurred when rebalancing an actively managed portfolio, and (iii) the potential for momentum strategy profits when investing in small-cap stocks.Using conditional estimation, we find that small-cap funds have earned a significantly positive abnormal return of about 2% per year in the period January 1986 to December 2000. We also estimate the cost of January rebalancing to be 0.4% of portfolio value, a value that is significant for over 20% of the portfolios under study.Finally, after trading frictions are taken into account, we find evidence that small-cap portfolios exhibit significant return patterns, similar in nature to momentum patterns initially documented in a frictionless setting by [J. Finance 48 (1993) 65; J. Finance 56 (2001) 699]. Our findings support recent behavioral models, which attempt to explain these patterns. Consistent with the findings of Jegadeesh and Titman, we find that past “winners” continue to outperform in the next 12 months, followed by a performance reversal.     

一个改进的考察交易效率与城市化之间关系的一般均衡模型

本文考察人口流动受到限制情况下城市化和交易效率之间的关系.在本文的模型中,我们假定人口流动除了受到工资率的影响之外,还受到公共品消费的吸引,同时流动人口因为受到限制从而在城市劳动力市场和农村劳动力市场之外形成了介于其间的劳动力市场,且人口流动达到均衡时三个劳动力市场需达到均衡,流动人口和农村人口的效用也应达到均衡.这对于城乡二元经济结构的中国消除农村人口流动的限制、促进城市化和经济的发展具有深刻的政策内涵.     

中国A股市场“小公司效应”的实证分析

本文以1995年1月至2003年12月期间在上海、深圳证券交易所交易的的全部A股股票为样本,分别以流通市值与总市值来衡量公司规模,对中国A股市场的“小公司效应”进行实证分析,研究表明:①作为规模度量的流通市值与总市值的选择对公司规模的排序没有显著影响。②最小规模公司股票组合获得显著的超额收益,且拥有最高的经风险调整后的收益(Sharpe比率),中国A股市场存在“小公司效应”。     

战略管理研究所应遵循的理论基础:资源基础观与交易成本理论

本文通过对目前国内以交易成本理论为基础,对资源基础观提出的批评进行检视和分析,基于资源基础理论对这些批评做出了回应。本文还从理论根源、理论关注的重点和分析角度,理论的研究方法和应用范围以及理论中存在的缺陷对资源基础理论和交易成本理论进行了比较分析。最后得出结论,应该在战略理论研究中以资源基础逻辑为主要理论观,同时借助交易成本理论对相关问题和现象进行分析和解释,其结论将更为透彻和完善。     

Size and investment performance: a research note

This article examines the performance of actively managed Australian equity funds and the extent to which both fund size and manager size are related to risk-adjusted returns. Larger investment managers, by definition, engage in higher trade volume. The literature documents that transaction costs and trade difficulty increase with trade size, given difficulties associated with 'large' trades and their potential market impact on security prices. Therefore, ceteris paribus , large orders are consistent with lower levels of efficiency in trade execution and higher transaction costs. While larger investment managers may experience material disadvantages relative to their smaller counterparts, the Australian literature to date has largely ignored the issues of asset size and the long run performance of investment offerings. This article, employing returns and fund size data that control for survivorship bias, documents that while large retail active equity funds earn higher risk-adjusted returns (after expenses) than small funds, the difference in mean performance is not significantly different. In the institutional sphere, the study also finds no statistically significant performance differences (net of expenses) between funds on the basis of portfolio size. These findings suggest the hypothesis that performance declines with fund size is not supported empirically.     

流通企业的企业理论新析

现有企业理论不能很好地解释流通企业的问题.流通企业产生的经济根源在于分工(专业化利益)与交换(交易成本)的两难冲突,其经济性质在于通过专业化交易降低交易成本.经济性质差异导致流通企业在技术性质、规模约束以及规模扩张模式等方面都与生产企业大不相同,流通企业规模受本地市场容量的限制,因此必须采取分店扩张模式.     

分工与证券市场信息披露

本首先从对信息披露制度的争论提出问题，然后以新兴古典经济学视角研究证券市场信息披露制度。股东与经理之间的分工导致信息不对称，为消除信息不对称、为减少股东与经理之间交易协调失灵的风险，需要证券市场信息披露制度。章最后从减少内生交易费用和限制外生交易费用的角度，指出我国信息披露制度应该完善的地方。     

电子化物流协同作业信息交换平台构建及经济分析

结合实际应用系统的开发,给出了该信息交换平台的框架结构、信息处理的流程以及所使用的技术;通过分析该信息交换平台所提供的应用服务,结合交易费用经济学的有关理论,阐明了该信息交换平台可有效地降低物流业务参与各方的交易费用。