人力资本投资收益的区际差异:指数化分析及实证——以我国东部沿海6个城市群为例

人力资本投资收益的区际差异是区域人力资本研究的重要方面,本文总结了区域人力资本测度的四个角度,在此基础上依据人力资本适用性的基本思想,构建了人力资本投资收益区际差异的指数化分析框架,以我国东部沿海6个城市群为例,进行了实证分析和理论解释,探讨了其政策意义。     

Research orientation and agglomeration: Can every region become a Silicon Valley?

Not only success stories, such as Silicon Valley, but also non-success stories can inform regional innovation policy. In order to provide a benchmark for regional innovation systems we compare both success and non-success stories. Regional innovation systems differ in structural and functional requirements, because development processes are path dependent. We suggest that regions’ development paths emerge from agglomeration patterns and research orientation. Accordingly, we have developed a typology of regions including (1) their agglomeration patterns (either MAR or Jacobs’ type) and (2) the degree to which their research is predominantly oriented towards obtaining fundamental understanding or addressing considerations of use. We combine qualitative and quantitative data on thirty-six European regions to categorize them according to research orientation and agglomeration, thereby developing a typology. We use this typology and some basic quantitative economic data to see how success and non-success regions are distributed. Our results indicate that a better understanding of how to combine agglomeration patterns with research orientation can guide context-sensitive policy.     

多中心城市的内生形成与政府政策的影响

用主流经济学的工具研究空间经济问题有两个难点,即对规模经济和不同地区不同生产、消费和价格体系难以模型化.本文的贡献之一是通过界定合成实物资本和产量的真实货币价值两个概念,赋予了柯-道生产函数新的内涵,使其可以直接比较厂商和工人在不同地区的收益,而不必考虑价格因素.在此基础上,本文考察了城市空间形态的内生演变及政府政策的影响,发现对中心城市的倾斜性投资政策阻碍了大城市向多中心城市的转变.     

集聚经济测度方法前沿综述

本文在分析不同集聚经济形式及其理论基础后，对集聚经济的各种测度方法进行了系统的总结。发现目前集聚经济的测度方法可以概括为四类，分别是在微观层面通过分析集聚因子对企业产出或生产率的影响来直接测度、分析集聚因子对产业或区域层面总产出或平均生产率的影响来测度、分析衡量产业集聚程度的指数与产业或区域层面总产出或平均生产率之间的关系来测度，以及通过分析要素价格空间梯度特征来对集聚经济进行间接测度。     

企业群的概念、意义与理论解释

企业竞争逐步从过去注重单个企业发展战略 ,向企业联盟以及向企业群战略演化。企业群由于协同效应表现的竞争优势 ,引起了国内外经济学家、管理学的高度重视 ,集群战略已成为企业发展、甚至区域发展的重要内容。本文首先介绍企业群的概念 ,接着评价企业群战略对企业竞争以及对区域经济发展的意义 ,再用经济学原理揭示企业群优势的理论基础     

中原城市群旅游竞争力生态位动态分析

将生态位理论引入城市旅游竞争力研究中，提出了城市旅游竞争力生态位的概念。在前人对生态位和城市旅游竞争力研究的基础上，构建了城市旅游竞争力生态位指标体系，并以中原城市群为例，对9个城市2001—2006年（2003年除外）的旅游竞争力生态位变化进行了时空对比分析。     

The Role of Local Agglomeration Economies and Regional Characteristics in Attracting FDI: Italian Evidence

The objective of this paper is to test for the importance of local agglomeration externalities in determining inward foreign direct investment (FDI) intensity, viewed as a measure of regional attractiveness to FDI. The links between the degree of FDI inflow penetration into Italy and its determinants at the regional level are examined using alternative fixed effects panel data model specifications, also extended to include spatial effects. It is found that sectoral and regional specificities are relevant in attracting inward FDI into Italy and the different effects of intra‐sector and inter‐sector spillovers can be distinguished. There is also evidence that the importance of agglomeration spillovers connected to the geographical distance varies across regions, indicating both substitution and complementarity effects from FDI inflows into neighboring regions.     

Public input competition and agglomeration

This paper analyzes the impact of public input competition in a New Economic Geography framework. It is shown that regional competition yields an overprovision of public inputs if trade costs are sizable while it leads to underprovision if regions are highly integrated. Moreover, public input competition assures a dispersion of industry as long as trade costs are high but induces agglomeration even for ex ante identical regions if trade costs have fallen below a certain value. Finally, a trade-off between regional convergence and efficiency arises since the efficient distribution of regional infrastructure requires full agglomeration for sufficiently low trade costs.     

以县域为中心的乡村振兴：城乡关系演变与县域经济发展

乡村生产要素通过流动实现集聚是提升生产分工规模和生产效率的重要途径，但要素过度流失不利于乡村自身的发展。新中国成立以前，"乡-城"生产要素流动规模较小；新中国成立后改革开放前，在重工业发展战略下乡村生产要素被约束流动；改革开放以来，"乡-城"生产要素单向流动趋于加速；党的十九大开启了乡村振兴新篇章，致力于改变乡村要素单向外流的局面。近代以来，立足于乡村且突破村庄社区规模的分工生产和集聚性生产没有大范围发展起来，乡村对生产要素的吸引力不强。新中国的综合发展成就为发展现代化的乡村集聚经济创造了有利条件，探索在县域层面整合资源和集聚要素是振兴乡村和构建新型城乡关系的重要方向。     

Industrialization and poverty reduction in East Asia: Internal labor movements matter

A number of developing East Asian countries have achieved both rapid economic growth and poverty reduction by effectively utilizing global value chains. An essential, but often neglected, condition for their economic development is smooth labor movements from the rural to urban sectors. This paper demonstrates that such labor movements have played an important role in the process of industrialization with global value chains. After conducting some international comparisons, we examine the case of Thailand for its massive labor movements until the mid–2000s as well as discussing stagnant moves in recent years.