State competition in higher education: A race to the top,or a race to the bottom?

How does competition affect higher education? This paper explores this question for public and private universities. Theory indicates that competition can push higher education policy in one of two different directions. On the one hand, competition may increase spending. For states, this would occur if states treat higher education as developmental; for private universities this would occur if they view spending as a means to attract students and prestige. On the other hand, competition may decrease spending if states treat higher education spending as redistributive, and competition may decrease spending by private schools if lower spending enhances their ability to attract students with low tuition. To determine which of these perspectives is most valid, we examine higher education policy choices in the 1980s and 1990s. We find that states appear to act as if higher education funding is redistributive while private schools appear to compete more on the basis of tuition than spending. These results demonstrate the important effects competition and governance structure have on higher education.Received: August 2001, Accepted: May 2002, JEL Classification: I2, I22, H72, I3     

加入世贸组织后中国税制的改革趋势

中国加入世贸组织后,针对现行税制存在的主要问题,需要进一步改革和完善税制,主要是按世贸组织的规则,改革现行税制。包括三个方面。一是加强税收法规建设,即：完善税收立法,坚持依法治税,规范税收执法。二是增强税收透明度。三是对现行税制进行“废、立、改”。     

关于农村税费改革的回顾与思考

通过安徽省近三年的试点,农村税费改革大大减轻了农民的负担,规范了税费的征管,进一步改善了农村党群干群关系,取得了积极的成效,但农村税费改革仍是初步的,还存在不少矛盾和问题。因此,必须按照“巩固、规范、完善、配套”的要求,进一步加大对农业、农村的投入,调动基层干部的积极性,把减轻农民的负担作为治本之策。     

中国经济学金融学理论与教育工作者的历史任务

经济转型过程中的中国金融学研究范式面临着转型困扰。模型化与工程化是金融学研究方法的一种进步,但金融学并非惟工程化才成为其自身。金融理论研究范式西化倾向极端化的背后,同样存在着国家政治经济学问题。深入反思中外文化差异,反思金融学的研究对象与研究方法之“本末”关系,挖掘、研究、传承和弘扬中国优秀历史文化遗产,并将其纳入到金融学科研与教学中来,由此夯实中国年轻一代的民族文化底蕴,增强其民族自尊、自信与自豪感,是中国金融学理论与教学工作者的历史使命。     

改革开放以来海外华商投资与厦门经济发展

对改革开放30年来海外华商在厦门的投资状况及其对厦门经济发展的贡献进行分析，探讨海外华商投资对厦门经济发展的贡献，并提出现阶段厦门开放政策深化的具体举措。     

谈写作教学中的素质教育

素质教育是以提高学习的整体素质为根本目的的教育。在写作教学中的素质教育应体现在写作理论知识讲授、优秀作品阅读赏析、思维能力及写作能力的训练和培养等方面，进而提高学生的思想水平、思维品质和作及表现能力。     

Managerial markets in transition in Central and Eastern Europe: a field study and implications

In this paper, we report findings from the first comprehensive study of managerial labour markets in Central and Eastern Europe, drawing on field data from 157 firms in six countries. Results indicated widespread and deep changes occurring in the region’s managerial markets. Despite differences among countries in reform and economic performance, we found these particular changes to be surprisingly common across the countries studied. They included rapid rises in salary and benefit levels, narrowing of some skill gaps, shifts to more sophisticated methods of recruitment and an overall move towards Western management practices. The study also revealed severe shortages of qualified managers in all the countries studied. The resulting tightness in the managerial labour markets was reducing only modestly, despite other improvements. Foreign and joint-venture firms were relying disproportionately on expatriate managers, and may not have been sufficiently developing locals. We argue that, partly because of this, the distortions in pay, promotions and performance resulting from these tight markets are likely to persist for some time.     

高等教育品牌的现状及发展趋势

本文分析了高等教育产业的新形势及高等教育品牌的现状，指出教育品牌扩张进入资产重组时代，预测了未来教育品牌的发展趋势。     

Are computers driving real wages down?

The annual growth in mean employee compensation plummeted from 2.6% in 1947–73 to 0.4% in 1973–2003. Using both time-series regression and pooled, cross-section, time-series regression analysis for 44 industries over the period 1953–2000, we find that earnings growth is positively related to overall productivity growth, capital investment excluding computers, and the unionization rate. We find also that computerization has a significant negative effect on earnings growth, but no evidence that the growth of skills or educational attainment has any statistically significant effect on earnings growth. The dominant factors explaining the slowdown in wage growth are decline in the unionization rate, slowdown in both TFP growth and overall capital investment, and acceleration in computer investment.     

大学校园呼唤文化艺术修养教育

化艺术修养能丰富人的知识，培养创新能力，塑造完美的人格形象。但我国的大学教育在这方面却存在着较大的缺憾。为此，应采取各种措施，使当代大学生走进化艺术的殿堂，受到良好的熏陶，促进修养水平的提高，以适应社会发展的需要。