A hierarchical model of the determinants of non-performing assets in banks: an ISM and MICMAC approach

The banking systems of emerging economies in general and India in particular are facing sustained impairment due to mounting non-performing assets (NPAs). In the absence of stringent policies and their implementation, the results will be detrimental and may eventually lead to an economic crisis. Thus, it is imperative to unearth the causal factors and mitigate the risks involved with rising NPAs. The study attempts to identify the determinants of NPAs from the existing literature and subsequently, explore the interlinkages between the identified factors. A model of these factors is developed using Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) and MICMAC approach. Key managerial insights were obtained by the suggested model, specific to the Indian context. The hierarchical model provides a clearer perspective about the relationship between the factors and suggests that economic conditions and political factors are the key drivers which impact the ownership pattern and adherence to the regulatory framework; these further impact the internal factors related to the banks and borrowers’ capacity to repay. The study will act as a scaffolding for policymakers and bankers. Based on these findings, better instruments and mechanisms for recovery/management of NPAs can be put in place.     

我国银行业的市场结构分析及改革对策

经过二十多年的改革,我国银行业市场结构有了很大变化。运用市场份额、市场集中度、进入、退出壁垒和产品差异化等指标,分析了我国银行业的市场结构,得出我国银行业有寡头垄断特征,并呈现出向垄断竞争市场结构过渡的趋势。在分析我国银行业市场绩效低下原因的基础上,初步提出了银行业优化市场结构,提高竞争力的对策。     

中国商业银行市场集中度影响因素及趋势研究

中国商业银行市场集中度影响因素中，期初集中度、外资银行进入、并购、市场需求成长率与效率变量对集中度的影响为负，而产品差异度与集中度不相关。对趋势的分析表明中国商业银行市场集中度将会经历一个由下降到上升的过程，但是其持续的时间将取决于中国经济金融市场化的深度与速度。     

Market Structure and Risk Taking in the Banking Industry

We demonstrate that the common view according to which an increase in competition leads banks to increased risk taking fails to hold in an environment where homogeneous loss averse consumers can choose in which bank to make a deposit based on their knowledge of the riskiness incorporated in the banks outstanding loan portfolios. With an exclusive focus on imperfect competition we find that banks incentives for risk taking are invariant to a change in the banking market structure from duopoly to monopoly. Finally, we show that deposit insurance would eliminate the gains from bank competition when banks use asset quality as a strategic instrument.revised version received October 15, 2003     

网上银行业务发展初探

文章就网上银行的特点,我国网上银行业务发展状况、存在问题及解决措施进行了初步探讨。     

混业经营：中国商业银行发展的必由之路

分业经营在经济发展水平较低的时期对金融的发展具有一定的促进作用。在而，对现代金融来说它却带来了一系列的问题，银行风险的恶化、竞争力的下降等，更严重的是，随着我国加入世贸组织，我国商业银行将面临更大的冲击，坚持分业经营无异于作茧自缚，摆在我们面前的路只有一条-混业经营，这是大势所趋。     

Banks’ non-traditional activities under regulatory changes: impact on risk,performance and capital adequacy

Using the big six Canadian chartered banks quarterly financial statements and daily stock market data from 1982 to 2018, we examine the impact of non-interest income on Canadian banks’ risk, performance and capital under the different major regulatory changes made to the Bank Act of Canada. Our results show that Canadian banks’ expansion into non-traditional activities had slightly decreased their risks and significantly improved their performance benefitting from income diversification. Moreover, while adhering to capital adequacy regulation, reshuffling banks’ portfolio towards non-traditional activities did not reduce Canadian banks’ capital ratio. In spite of the re-regulation towards universal banking against ring-fencing, this feature buttresses the effectiveness of capital adequacy regulation in Canada in linking banks capital allocation with their risk taking.     

金融中介及关系银行——基于广东外资企业银行融资数据的研究

本文根据外资银行和国有商业银行向在中国境内的外资企业提供的外币贷款和人民币贷款的数据 ,对金融中介及关系银行进行了实证研究。我们的主要结论有两点 :第一 ,企业与银行建立起来的金融业务关系越长久 ,那么其所获得的外币贷款利率就越低。这是对金融中介理论的支持。另外 ,外资控股、第三方担保等因素 ,也具有降低外币贷款利率的效应。第二 ,人民币贷款的利率随着外资企业与更多的银行建立和保持合作关系而降低。人民币贷款主要是由我国商业银行提供。如果商业银行间的竞争仅仅是用来作为信贷定价的主要决定因素 ,而不是用来推进金融创新 ,提供高质量的金融产品和服务 ,那么这将会损害我国商业银行的获利能力并进而影响金融系统的健康发展。     

公共治理理论及对银行监管的启示

当前银行业监管面临着监管失灵的困境，根本原因是监管理念的滞后，形势的需要召唤着新型的银行监管理念。公共治理理论以其理论的先进性在全球范围内迅速兴起并日益成为一门显学。把公共治理理论引入银行监管领域，或许能带给银行监管工作有益的启示。     

金融控股公司组织效率的比较分析

金融控股公司、全能银行和战略联盟三者相比,金融控股公司和战略联盟的负向范围效率一般小于全能银行;金融控股公司的正向范围效率一般弱于全能银行而强于战略联盟.总体上,金融控股公司比战略联盟具有范围效率优势.