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61.
为了深入研究不同类型财政政策对宏观经济的影响效应,本文构建纳入异质性家庭和细化财税工具的新凯恩斯DSGE模型,并着重模拟分析了不同类型财政政策冲击对居民消费、私人投资、通胀率以及总产出水平的动态影响效应。研究结果表明,不同类型财税工具对宏观经济的冲击效果存在显著差异,对于税收政策,劳动收入税减税能够有助于提升消费水平和消费需求,并调节和完善消费结构;而对于政府支出政策,转移支付规模的扩张通过刺激家庭消费,引导消费内需有效提升,从而带动经济增长方式由投资驱动型向消费驱动型转变,进而推动经济高质量发展。 相似文献
62.
This study examines how changes in the information environment affect the informational advantage of geographically proximate agents. The long‐term advantage of local agents disappeared at the turn of the millennium. This is accompanied by the reduction in local bias of institutional investors and equity analysts. However, institutional investors continue to trade local stocks disproportionately more often than non‐local stocks; moreover, their local trades outperform non‐local trades in the short term—even for large and liquid stocks. Our results are consistent with improvements in the information environment shortening the horizon of proximity‐based informational advantage. 相似文献
63.
64.
以2012—2016年沪深A股上市公司为样本,从静态和动态两个角度实证研究异质机构投资者对上市公司高管薪酬的影响,结果表明:在高管薪酬方面,压力抵抗型投资者持股对薪酬总额的影响并不显著,而压力敏感型机构投资者则能显著提高薪酬总额;在高管薪酬变动速度方面,压力抵抗型机构投资者能够显著提升上市公司的业绩—薪酬敏感性,压力敏感型机构投资者的这一提升效果不显著;在高管薪酬变动幅度方面,A股上市公司高管薪酬普遍存在向下的粘性,相较于压力敏感型机构投资者,压力抵抗型机构投资者能够显著抑制高管薪酬粘性。 相似文献
65.
Developing countries are eager to host foreign direct investment to receive positive technology spillovers to their local firms. However, what types of foreign firms are desirable for the host country to achieve spillovers best? We address this question using firm‐level panel data from Vietnam to investigate whether foreign Asian investors in downstream sectors with different productivity affect the productivity of local Vietnamese firms in upstream sectors differently. Using endogenous structural breaks, we divide Asian investors into low‐, middle‐, and high‐productivity groups. The results suggest that the presence of the middle group has the strongest positive spillover effect. The differential spillover effects can be explained by a simple model with vertical linkages and productivity‐enhancing investment by local suppliers. The theoretical mechanism is also empirically confirmed. 相似文献
66.
The main goal of this research is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the actual progresses in artificial intelligence, with emphasis on chatbots as emerging forms of customer assistance in online retailing. Drawing upon an analysis of the chatbot patents in the past 20 years, our findings show the increasing technology push towards the adoption of new conversational agents based on natural language. Findings also highlight the extent to which the research and development efforts are attempting to improve artificial intelligence systems that characterize chatbots. To this end, technology advancements are mainly focusing on: (i) improving chatbot ability to automatically draw inferences on users starting from multiple data sources, and (ii) using consumers’ knowledge adaptively to provide more customized solutions. Finally, results show the tight relationship between the digital assistants’ analytical skills and their ability to automatically interact with the users. 相似文献
67.
习惯形成是居民消费变化的一个基本特征,收入阶层异质性是居民禀赋差异的主要体现,本文旨在结合两者探究我国城镇居民的消费行为,以探寻扩大居民消费的方法。基于阶层消费函数理论,运用收入阶层面板SUR的结果显示,居民消费具有显著的习惯形成特征,消费行为呈现异质性,表现为低收入居民的消费习惯较弱、消费倾向较高,中等收入居民的习惯较强、消费较谨慎,高收入居民的习惯较强、地位性消费较活跃。当前“金字塔”形的收入分布、不断扩大但谨慎的中等收入居民、地位性消费的外流抑制了城镇居民消费的扩大,居民消费的相对不足主要是结构性问题。应依据各阶层消费的特点,从供给侧出发构建长效机制,促进低收入居民的收入平稳增长,多方面减弱中等收入居民的谨慎性,并提升国内消费品的质量和档次。 相似文献
68.
Mikael Bask 《European Financial Management》2008,14(1):99-117
It is demonstrated that adaptive learning in the least squares sense may be incapable of satisfactorily reducing the number of attainable equilibria in a rational expectations model when focusing on the forward‐solutions to the model. The model examined, as an illustration, is a basic asset pricing model for exchange rate determination that is augmented with technical trading in the currency market in the form of moving averages since it is the most commonly used technique according to questionnaire surveys. The forward‐solutions to such a model are preferable to the backward‐solutions that are normally utilized since announcement effects is an important feature in currency trade. Because of technical trading in foreign exchange, the current exchange rate depends on j max lags of the exchange rate, meaning that the model has j max+1 rational expectations equilibria, where several of them are adaptively learnable in the least squares sense. However, since past exchange rates should not affect the current exchange rate when technical trading is absent, it is possible to single out a unique equilibrium among the adaptively learnable equilibria that is economically meaningful. It is worth noting that the model examined can also be viewed as a model for stock price determination in which the forward‐solutions to the model are preferable to the backward‐solutions since the importance of announcement effects is a common characteristic for currency and stock markets. 相似文献
69.
ANNA AGLIARI DOMENICO MASSARO NICOLÒ PECORA ALESSANDRO SPELTA 《Journal of Money, Credit and Banking》2017,49(7):1587-1619
We consider a monetary authority that provides an explicit inflation target in order to align expectations with the policy objective. However, biased perceptions of the target may arise due to imperfect information flows. We allow agents to revise expectations over time and we model their recursive choice among prediction strategies as an optimization problem under rational inattention. We then investigate whether a simple policy rule can steer the economy toward the targeted equilibrium. Our findings suggest that determinacy under rational expectations may not be sufficient to reach the target. Instead, monetary policy should be fine‐tuned to correct agents' biased beliefs. 相似文献
70.
房地产市场中存在大量的投资者,其市场行为会使房价出现大幅的波动,从而引起市场不稳定。文章在引入投资者异质性预期假设的基础上,构建了包含房地产消费者、投资者、供给者在内的房地产市场均衡模型,分析了房地产市场中基本面型投资者和趋势型投资者的异质性行为对房价变动的影响,并利用上海和广州两个一线城市的实际数据进行了对比分析。研究结果表明:在房地产市场中,两类投资者对于未来房价不同的预期以及投资行为会引起房价的变动;上海投资者的行为整体上会使上海的房价始终处于不断上涨的趋势中,而广州投资者的行为会随着投资策略的转变而使静态下的“整体上推动房价趋势型变化”转变为“整体上将房价‘拉回’基本面价格”;房地产市场中的投资者占比会显著影响房价的变动趋势,当基本面型投资者占比上升时,房价偏离度和房价变动率降低,而当这类投资者占比达到峰值时,房价会出现拐点;投资者之间的策略转换速度也会通过引起基本面型投资者占比的变化,引起房价的频繁波动,而且策略转换速度越快,房价波动越频繁。 相似文献