How to promote R&D-based growth? Public education expenditure on scientists and engineers versus R&D subsidies

This paper compares the positive and normative implications of two alternative measures to promote R&D-based growth: R&D subsidies to firms and publicly provided education targeted to the development of science and engineering (S&E) skills. The model accounts for the specificity of S&E skills, where individuals with heterogeneous ability choose their type of education. Although intertemporal knowledge spillovers are the only R&D externality, the analysis suggests that R&D subsidies may be detrimental to both productivity growth and welfare. Moreover, they raise earnings inequality. In contrast to R&D subsidies, publicly provided education targeted to S&E skills are found to be unambiguously growth-promoting and neutral with respect to the earnings distribution.     

江苏高等教育投入现状分析及政策建议

“十五”以来,江苏省的高等教育投入总量逐年增加,但生均经费增长缓慢,多元化筹资格局形成任重道远。“综合定额加专项补助”的拨款标准导致部分高校的盲目扩张,与兄弟省市比较也不具有优势。江苏应当进一步完善高等教育投入增长机制,引导和鼓励社会投资高等教育,改革政府拨款制度和方式,提高教育经费的使用效率等,以推动高等教育事业的健康发展,促进江苏由高教大省向高教强省转变。     

城市化与畜产品生产预测：健康与环境风险调整法

集约化农业生产所带来的环境影响和健康危害已经使人们逐渐认识到建立可持续农业发展途径的必要性。随着人们收入的增长,城市化的迅速发展成为消费模式转变的最为显见的驱动力。揭示在考虑到可持续发展的风险和不确定性的情况下对未来农业生产规划的预测,和在决策过程中恰当的风险指标,而这些内容的引入将极可能改变与畜产品设备配置和集约化程度相关的未来政策。以中国为例,研究主要目标为:(1)阐明如何将风险指标引入到决策过程中从而避免健康风险带来的负面结果;(2)阐明如何在农业生产规划中明确风险和不确定性,以达到可持续农业发展。     

高职生创业教育建设与管理的实践探索——以浙江工商职业技术学院创业园为例

对高职学生进行创业教育，既是解决高职学生就业问题的有力措施，又是知识经济时代的迫切要求，本文通过介绍浙江工商职业技术学院创业园建设的管理与实践，结合其中存在的问题，对高职生创业教育实践与管理的措施进行了初步探索。     

高等教育精英时代发展的后遗症刍议

中国高等教育大众化始终步履艰难，一个重要的因素就是我们在延用精英时代的教育理念、教育方法、招生体制等来迎接高等教育大众化时代的登场。精英时代高等教育存在的一些教育误区，成为大众化时代的后遗症，更成为大众化时代高等教育发展的瓶颈。不管大众化时代到来与否，这些问题都是急需解决的。     

广西工业职业技术学院学生体质健康测试结果分析及对策

文章通过对广西工业职业技术学院2004—2007级大学生体质健康6项指标进行测试统计和分析，从事实依据出发，找问题，提建议，使学生能了解自身的健康状况，达到正确引导学生锻炼身体、增强体质健康的目的。     

Luther and the Girls: Religious Denomination and the Female Education Gap in Nineteenth‐century Prussia*

Martin Luther urged each town to have a girls' school so that girls would learn to read the Gospel, thereby evoking a surge of building girls' schools in Protestant areas. Using county‐ and town‐level data from the first Prussian census of 1816, we show that a larger share of Protestants decreased the gender gap in basic education. This result holds when using only the exogenous variation in Protestantism due to a county's or town's distance to Wittenberg, the birthplace of the Reformation. Similar results are found for the gender gap in literacy among the adult population in 1871.     

浅议创新人才培养

当前的国际竞争是创新人才的竞争,而培养和造就高质量创新人才是时代赋予高等学校的历史使命。树立起创新教育的观念,塑造创新型的教师队伍,营造创新人才培养的校园氛围,改革教育模式和教育手段以及完善创新人才的评估方法,都是创新人才培养过程中所面临的重要问题。     

深入贯彻落实科学发展观推进中等职业教育的发展

在我国正处于社会经济转型时期的今天,"技工荒"的问题已经十分突出。发展中等职业教育是培养和造就各种技术人才的重要途径,是解决问题的关键所在。然而,我国的中等职业教育事业起步晚、发展缓慢,同发达国家相比差距很大,亟待提高。如何以科学发展观为指导,完善中等职业教育的办学体系和提高中等职业教育的办学质量,是当前摆在我们面前的首要问题。     

DOES MOTHER'S EDUCATION MATTER IN CHILD'S HEALTH? EVIDENCE FROM SOUTH AFRICA1

Using the 1993 South Africa Integrated Household Survey, this paper studies the effect that mother's education through the knowledge channel has on children's health using height for age Z‐scores as health measure. Under a two‐stage least square methodology we find that an increase in 4 years on mother's education (approximately 1 standard deviation) will lead to an increase of 0.6 standard deviations on her child's height for age Z‐score. We also find, as the medical literature suggests, support for the hypothesis that mother's education is more important for children older than 24 months of age.