银行卡定价理论的新发展--兼论对我国银行卡POS交易价格形成机制的启示

本文通过对银行卡定价理论新发展以及国外POS交易价格的研究．结合我国银行卡产业发展的实际情况。对我国银行卡POS交易价格形成机制进行了研究。研究表明：银行卡产业具有的双边市场特征和网络外部性特征使得银行卡POS交易的定价将是成本、竞争、双边市场需求等多种因素的综合反映。就中国银行卡产业发展现状而言，我国银行卡POS交易定价应该与国际接轨．由现有的单一定价模式转变为三级差别定价和二级差别定价相结合的差别定价模式。差别定价模式有利于建立科学合理的利益分配体系，促进和保障银行卡产业的持续健康稳定发展。     

Forum Selection in International Business Contracts: Home Bias Portfolio Puzzle and Managerial Moral Hazard

We provide an economic analysis of forum selection in international business contracts. International business contracts or multi-state transactions within federally structured countries might be subject to more than one sovereign adjudication system. In case of conflict between the transacting parties, the appropriate tribunal must be identified. We examine the question of business firms' optimal choice of the forums to adjudicate future business disputes. We extend the investment model approach to litigation by applying a portfolio theory type analysis. We show that firms that prefer higher expected income and lower income volatility are better off diversifying the forums under which they litigate business disputes. This stands in contrast to real-world business practice that consistently shows a clear preference to selecting the home court and legal system to settle international business disputes. In a fraction of the cases, both parties gain by selecting a certain forum, because of specialization for example, and it becomes optimal to ignore diversification. In most cases, however, the relevant factors that affect forum selection are zero sum and priced ex ante, court bias, for example. Once priced, there is no incentive to disregard diversification. We hypothesize that, in addition to specialization, factors such as managerial moral hazard explain the real-world behavior of firms: managers are less likely to be blamed, ex post, for choosing the home court. We suggest that, as international barriers decline and international trade grows, firms will diversify the forums in which they adjudicate international business disputes.     

"Ethics and Geography –Impact of Geographical Cultural Differences on Students Ethical Decisions"

Conceptually, entrepreneurship is seen as the engine that drives a robust economy, promotes a favorable quality of life, and assures the availability of the attributes needed for meaningful living. However, like many popular concepts in this world, its limitations are normally not well acknowledged. A grouping of entrepreneurial ventures which has recently come into existence deals with the personal fiscal issues associated with the end-of-life phase of the human cycle. While generally praised as humanitarian services for society, that are assuredly within legal bounds, these activities have potentially significant negative implications. When examined from an ethical perspective, some questionable practices became apparent. Three such undertakings in particular have to do with the terminally ill and are examined in this paper. The first, viatical transactions, is defined as the transfer of a life insurance policy's ownership to someone who does not have an insurable interest in the life of the insured individual. The second, creative tax shelters for wealthy people involved in estate planning, involves hiring unrelated parties, particularly those who are young and in failing health, to do the dying for the principal. The third, mind games, involves curtailing the use of medical resources for the dying. The justification for this is rationing scarce medical resources.     

博弈均衡下的可疑交易报告制度设计和监管

反洗钱可疑交易报告制度的有效性,是理论界、国际组织以及世界各国致力于研究和解决的重大课题,也是制约我国当前反洗钱工作效率的现实难题。本文通过研究可疑交易报告机制的信息结构和监管博弈,建立数理模型,证明在缺乏洗钱风险信息沟通情况下,可疑交易报告机制的纯策略静态博弈是趋于无效的,并以动态博弈完美纳什均衡为条件,证明以风险为本的方法可解决可疑交易报告制度的有效性难题,研究了这一方法下的金融机构参与性约束条件和监管机制设计等问题,并对我国反洗钱体制改革和转型提出政策建议。     

网络借贷与互联网征信

近年来,我国网络借贷交易规模和平台数量快速发展,但也存在一些问题,如网络借贷机构难以得到传统银行同等待遇,网络信贷征信机构之间数据难以共享,网络借贷征信机构数据积累过少. 为促进网络借贷行业健康发展,需要提升央行征信中心个人征信系统等对网络信贷平台的服务能力,积极推动互联网征信机构与央行征信中心个人征信系统的数据共享,加大征信产品开发力度,为互联网征信的发展提供法律保障.     

对上市公司委托理财的思考

上市公司委托理财业务所暴露出来的问题越来越多，造成的影响也越来越严重。从分析上市公司委托理财的影响入手，提出了规范委托理财行为的建议。     

我国电荒问题的原因及对策分析

电荒问题严重影响我国经济发展和居民正常生活。2011年我国电力缺口总量预计最高可达4000万千瓦,而导致我国电力如此短缺的原因是复杂的。文章从内外两方面对电荒原因进行了分析,进而提出了解决我国长期存在的电荒问题的对策,必须从电力体制和经济发展方式等根源着手,从短期和长期措施两方面同时着手。     

浅析集团母子公司关联交易纳税须注意的几个问题

所谓关联交易就是企业关联方之间的交易,是指在关联方之间发生转移资源或义务的事项,而不论是否收取价款。主要有购销商品或其他资产（如固定资产、无形资产）,提供或接受劳务,代理,租赁,融资,担保和抵押,管理合同,研究开发项目的转移,许可协议等。     

推进新疆跨境贸易人民币结算的设想

2010年6月,新疆被确定为跨境贸易人民币结算试点区域,霍尔果斯口岸跨境人民币结算取得突破性进展。新疆边境口岸地区跨境人民币结算的制约因素是：双边本币结算仍不活跃、依靠汇率套算、市场需求测定难、政策发挥实效难、制度安排上存在矛盾、跨境划转基础条件不完备等。本文设想了新疆边境口岸地区推进跨境人民币结算试点的路径：选择哈萨克斯坦为重点推进国、增加新疆地区境外人民币存量、探索建立边贸本币汇率协调机制、准确定位人民币跨境贸易结算试点目标交易主体和客体范围。     

Economic Integration in the Caribbean Community: A Problem of Institutional Adjustment

Law and the economy co-evolve. John R. Commons demonstrated this co-evolution in the transformation of the legal definition of property from physical property to intangible property or the exchange-value of anything realized through transactions. Reasonable transactions required informed participation by parties. The "fetish of liquidity" in the secondary mortgage market fostered by federal laws, favoring mortgage-backed securities, converted the transaction into intangible property. The debtor was no longer the customer of the bank but an obligor to nameless investors uninterested in his/her community. The secondary mortgage market deviated from Commons's standard for reasonable transactions because investors and home buyers were ignorant of the rights, duties, liberties, and exposures of the transactions. We examine the economic outcomes produced by these legal changes in Nevada, and the endogenous forces ignited by these practices in terms of foreclosures and failing communities.