天津市创新资源配置效率评价

建立了天津市创新资源配置效率评价指标体系,采用DEA分析方法对2006年以来天津市创新资源的配置效率进行了评价,得出结论,2006-2013年中有五年呈现出资源配置最优状态,其余三年则存在投入冗余或产出不足,根据评价结果给出了投入冗余的缩减量和产出的增加量,为提出提高创新资源配置效率的对策措施提供参考。     

企业金融资产配置与全要素生产率之谜——基于中国A股制造业上市公司财务数据的GMM分析

全要素生产率增长放缓的"生产率之谜"根源之一在于企业金融化行为,表现为企业越来越偏好配置金融资产。理论上,企业金融资产配置对全要素生产率存在"储蓄"和"挤出"的双重作用机制。进一步地,基于2008-2016年A股制造业上市公司的财务数据,采用GMM方法,实证了"生产率之谜"来自金融化假说的一个解释。实证结果显示：（1）金融资产配置与TFP二者之间呈现倒U型关系,说明金融资产配置在"TFP增速下降"之谜中扮演了促进因子的角色;（2）金融资产配置的挤出效应大于储蓄效应,表明企业套利动机强于储蓄动机,意味着长期来看TFP增长动力趋于弱化;（3）对TFP作用大小随企业所有权性质呈现出较大差异,非国有制造业企业的"储蓄"效应更加显著,而国有制造业企业则更多的是挤出效应;（4）融资约束越小、杠杆率越高、机构投资者越集中、企业规模越大和托宾Q值越低的企业更加偏好金融资产配置,其通过"挤出"效应而对TFP的负向作用也越大。因此,警惕企业金融活动的过度化,并采用差别化的"疏""堵"结合的金融供给侧结构性改革让制造业企业能"安心做好主业"。     

底子薄、空间窄、生态弱地区发展中政府—市场角色定位研究——以三峡重庆库区为例

三峡重庆库区在经济社会发展中受到经济底子薄弱、发展空间狭窄和生态环境脆弱三重叠加约束,这是新时代推进西部大开发中必须攻克的难题。破解三重约束叠加难题必须正确定位政府和市场在发展中的角色和地位,具体而言,在当前三峡重庆库区追赶全国人民平均生活水平这一特殊时期,应采取政府主角—市场配角模式,三箭齐发：破解经济底子薄弱难题,必须建立内生动力培育长效机制并推动库区经济高质高速发展;破解发展空间狭窄难题,必须跳出库区,在重庆全域范围内来重构生产力和城乡大格局;破解生态环境脆弱难题,必须由长江中下游生态受益区对三峡地区生态建设进行补偿。同时,要积极育新育大育强市场主体;充分发挥市场在库区微观资源配置中的决定作用。     

多供给方情形下物流联盟伙伴的利益分配

本文认为,物流联盟带来的利益可以有很多形式,但每一种利益都可归结为给物流需求方带来的成本节约,即经济利益。当物流需求方自行组织物流得到与物流外包同质的物流服务时,前者的成本与后者的成本之差即为其由物流联盟带来的总利益。在用合作博弈的思想讨论物流联盟伙伴的利益分配时,假设条件都非常强。这使得按照合作博弈思路进行利益分配的结果,对现实的指导意义大大减弱。假设只有两个具有完成物流需求方物流任务能力的物流供给方;利益分配通过暗标拍卖的方式来确定,建立暗标拍卖模型,通过分析,结果表明,物流联盟的总利益及物流需求方的利益均与供给方的成本及行业平均利润率有关。     

企业营销预算中资源优化模型与作业预算法

营销预算是企业预算管理中的一个重要组成部分,建立与完善现代企业制度,就必须建立科学化的预算管理体系。预算体系科学化的问题包含了许多内容,如预算观念的创新、预算目标的建立和预算方法的科学化等。本文运用二层规划模型强调对有限资源的有效运用,其求出的结果为最大的企业效益和营销活动效益,对应的费用预算即为最优化的预算决策方案。作业预算法的重点则在于通过作业链和价值链的分析来分配获取相应价值的合理付出;以企业战略和客户需求为起点,通过价值链分析来改进企业的业务流程,并根据顾客链预测作业量,进而更合理地预测成本并实施有效控制。     

我国汽车产业组织结构调整与规模经济

世界汽车产业的发展是伴随着企业规模的不断扩张与生产的不断集中过程。我国汽车产业组织结构调整的出发点也是基于追求规模经济的原理。然而获得规模经济单纯通过扩大企业的组织规模与生产规模是无法实现的,优化生产和经营的规模是企业成长有效途径。     

Should retailers adjust their micro-marketing strategies to type of outlet? An application to location-based store space allocation in limited and full-service grocery stores

Many retailers today operate strategically different types of sites: ‘limited-service’ stores—that offer all core products/services but only a shallow assortment of non-core services—and ‘full-service’ sites with deep lines of both core and non-core services. An important question for these retailers is whether and how to adopt a micro-marketing strategy in each of these formats. In a micro-marketing strategy, retailers tailor their marketing mix to the characteristics of the local market in which each store outlet operates—a central issue being whether the allocation of store space across product categories should be location-specific. This paper (i) examines the conditions for such micro-marketing to be beneficial, and (ii) in particular—how these benefits depend on store format. It also (iii) indicates how the pattern of space adjustments to local conditions should differ between formats. The propositions are tested in a grocery retail setting, for a retail chain operating limited-service supermarkets and full-service hypermarkets. Our results suggest that micro-marketing is beneficial in both types of format. Yet, the appropriate way of localizing space allocation patterns is format-specific. While supermarkets should primarily adjust the space shares of food (core) categories, hypermarkets should primarily adapt the space shares of non-food (non-core) categories to local market conditions. The outcomes of the study have conceptual as well as managerial relevance and may prove useful for multi-format retailers in a wide range of settings.     

从X效率探讨我国商业银行效率影响因素

提高与改善银行业的效率 ,不仅是银行的经营管理者和监管当局的重要目标之一 ,也是防范金融风险 ,有效配置金融资源的需要。本文主要通过对 4家国有商业银行以及 10家股份制商业银行X效率的影响因素进行理论与实证分析 ,并找出其中的相关关系 ,以求能打开银行经营管理的“黑匣子” ,进一步为商业银行的效率改进提供明确的方向。     

中小企业财务治理问题探讨

企业具体的财务管理活动要以财务治理战略为导向,而我国中小企业由于历史发展的原因,其财务治理结构不受重视,存在着诸多问题。从战略导向的角度来建立良好的财务治理机制,为解决中小企业具体的财务管理问题提供了一个新视角。     

Agent-Based Facilitation of Water Allocation: Case Study in the Drome River Valley

The purpose of the 1992 French Water Act is to encourage negotiation and dialogue among local stakeholders within a framework which is very similar to a patrimonial approach. Potential use of models in such post-normal approaches is analyzed. Two kinds of models are compared: one is agent-based, the other follows a more classical approach. They are compared according to their contributions as negotiation support tools. This comparison is based on a specific collective decision process dealing with water allocation at the sub-basin scale, in which authors are involved. Both are used to support collective decision processes through simulation of resource use dynamics. Agent-Based Models entail the broadening of spatial information of actors in the process, revealing inter-connected topics not taken into consideration earlier. This makes it possible to remain relevant, despite the sometimes rapidly evolving stakes. The central point of this paper is the implementation, within a practical application, of theories advocating the use of ABM as a collective decision support system. This application promotes a better understanding of the kind of support ABM provides and the way it does so. This is brought about more by re-framing the discussion and modifying the representation of the system on the part of the stakeholders than by providing specific agreements.