基于PLS和LOGISTIC回归模型的中小企业融资的信用风险度量

为了有效地度量中小企业融资的信用风险,选取代表中小企业的经营与发展能力、利润构成与盈利能力、资产与负债和现金流量等4个方面13个指标作为解释变量。由于解释变量之间存在较高的多重共线性和样本量偏小等情况,应用偏最小二乘法提取PLS成分,排除系统中的噪声干扰,构建一个度量信用风险的二分类因变量的Logistic模型。实际数据预测结果表明,该模型不仅具有良好的平稳性和准确性,而且具有较强的解释过程变化的能力。     

Influence of Advertising on Brand Personality in The Airline Sector: The Case of Spain

This article outlines the findings of a study employing a partial least squares (PLS) structural equation methodology to explore the relationship among advertising and brand personality (BP) dimension of a validated Aaker's model (1997) in the airline business. BP refers to the emotional side of brand image. It is created by all experiences of consumers with a brand. The model was validated using confirmatory factor analysis and the effect of advertising on BP has been tested using PLS. The findings suggest that advertising influences the formation of BP only in the sophistication dimension. These results invite managers in the airline companies sector to develop communication strategies to create a distinguishing and attractive BP that will help them connect with their consumers.     

Drivers of Adoption and Continued Use of E-Procurement Systems: Empirical Evidence from China

ABSTRACT

This article develops and empirically tests a research framework that models the role of technological, organizational, and environmental factors in organizational intention toward using e-procurement systems. The partial least square analysis of survey data from 211 firms in China demonstrates that technological factors including perceived efficiency benefits and perceived ease, organizational factors including business to business commerce expertise, information sharing culture, and top management support, and an environmental factor, business partner pressure, shape in different ways organizational intention to adopt and to continue with e-procurement. The findings of the study not only offer valuable insights for stimulating the diffusion of e-procurement systems but also provide important guidance to systems vendors in strategizing their marketing campaigns and focusing limited resources on relevant strategic components.     

近15年中国耕地驱动因素的空间差异分析

研究目的：定量分析区域社会经济因素对耕地面积变化的影响,揭示中国区域耕地资源压力及其驱动因素的空间差异性特征。研究方法：利用STIRPAT模型和PLS方法拟合得到中国各省份耕地面积模型,依据变量投影重要性指数就各驱动因素对耕地面积影响的重要性程度进行分析,采用ArcGIS 9.2绘制耕地面积驱动因素影响的空间差异图。研究结果：各省份人口数量、产业结构、现代化对耕地面积的线性影响,有正效应或者负效应,且影响重要性程度差异明显。在以上述三因素为重要驱动因素的省（区、市）中,人口数量对耕地面积均起负效应,产业结构对北京、云南的耕地面积起正效应,现代化水平对上海、陕西起正效应,而对其他省（区、市）起负效应;富裕度对耕地面积的影响,有正效应或者负效应,有线性作用或者弹性作用,在以富裕度或其二次项为耕地面积重要驱动的9个省（区、市）中,富裕度或其二次项与耕地面积间存在2类类似环境EKC曲线关系,包括负效应趋于下降型（吉林）、正效应趋于增强型（山东、广西、山西、内蒙、河南、湖南、贵州、宁夏）。研究结论：通过分析,全面掌握中国28个省（区、市）耕地驱动因素及其空间分异状况,为后续耕地变化研究提供参考。     

Examining the influence of different levels of sexual-stimuli intensity by gender on advertising effectiveness

Abstract

Sexual appeals grab attention and elicit emotional responses, yet the existing literature surrounding this area of research has yielded inconsistent findings with regard to their ability to influence consumer liking and preference. Little attention has also been given to investigating sexual appeals beyond the scope of the effects of gratuitous sexual stimuli (nudity), and as such, most of what is known about sexual appeal advertising is centred on the effects of nudity alone. The current study examines sexual-stimuli intensity (explicit vs. mild) in print advertising and assesses its influence on advertising effectiveness and how this varies by gender for Australian consumers. An experiment is conducted as a test of the hypothesised relationships, with findings indicating that the level of sexual-stimuli intensity in print advertising is more effective in influencing consumers’ attitudinal and behavioural responses when depicted at a mild intensity level than at an explicit intensity level. These findings offer important insights for marketers in the design and configuration of sexual appeals used in advertising to maximise the effectiveness of ads to achieve favourable consumer behaviour outcomes.     

Examining Market Information and Brand Equity Through Resource‐Advantage Theory: A Carrier Perspective

To survive in this challenging economic environment, transportation providers must differentiate themselves in the eyes of current and potential customers. Consequently, they are seeking to develop superior resources that allow them to build greater awareness of and distinctive images for their brands. Those that are successful achieve higher levels of brand equity and, ultimately, positions of competitive advantage in the logistics services industry. This research applies resource‐advantage theory to investigate the role of market information in creating an informational advantage to build brand equity for transportation providers. Results from a survey of motor carriers indicate that informational advantage mediates the impact of market information resources on the levels of brand image and brand awareness, two dimensions of a firm’s brand equity.     

农业经济增长影响因子的偏最小二乘回归分析——以宁夏回族自治区为例

偏最小二乘回归分析方法具有主成分分析、典型相关分析和线性回归分析等方法的特点,因此其能够较好地解决变量间存在的多重共线性问题.宁夏是我国西北地区重要的农业省区之一,农业在其国民经济中占有重要地位.文章以宁夏回族自治区为研究区域,运用偏最小二乘回归分析方法,构建了宁夏农业经济增长影响因子的偏最小二乘回归模型.通过对所得模型检验,模型对X和y的解释能力较强,分别为0.977和0.999,t1/u1平面图表明,所计算的t1、u1能够充分地解释变量集与因变量集的信息,自变量集与因变量集之间存在明显的线性关系,并且拟合优度R2=0.983 1,回归模型精度较高,可靠性较强.研究结果表明,所选取的各项指标中,农业产值、化肥施用量、渔业产值、财政支农支出和牧业产值等是影响宁夏农业经济增长的主要因素.因此,宁夏应加快农业产业结构调整,推进农业产业化进程;加大农业科技投入力度;增加财政支农的力度,提高支农资金的使用效率;加大农业基础设施建设,加快农业剩余劳动力的转移.     

基于PLS模型的葡萄酒质量评价

利用2012年全国大学生数学建模竞赛A题所给数据,建立了偏最小二乘回归(PLS)分析模型,选取包括芳香物质在内的所有的酿酒葡萄和葡萄酒理化指标作为自变量,以葡萄酒的质量作为因变量建立模型。通过自变量和因变量提取成分的贡献率的计算,选取了可以解释自变量比率为86.28%的13个成分对,得到葡萄酒的质量与所有理化指标之间的PLS回归方程。利用标准化指标变量的回归方程,得到对葡萄酒的质量影响较大的理化指标有23个,其中13个正向指标,10个负向指标,正向指标中影响系数最大是葡萄的干物质含量(影响系数为0.361 4),负向指标中影响系数最大的是葡萄的褐变度(影响系数为-0.378 8)。用Matlab编程对模型的精度进行了检验。检验结果表明如果不考虑酿酒工艺等技术、环境因素的影响,利用理化指标根据建立的偏最小二乘回归模型预测葡萄酒的质量具有很高的可信度。     

Consumer value of virtual music festivals

Virtual music festivals (VMFs) are a great opportunity for the music industry to improve high quality digital events; as an alternative consumption phenomenon, VMFs can reach hybrid audiences and help in the challenge of digitalization. This study aims to investigate the multidimensional structure of consumer value in VMFs (intra-variable perspective), as well as the effects of value on cognitive versus affective satisfaction and loyalty (inter-variable perspective). Using a qualitative–quantitative approach—focus group and survey with festival attendees (n = 246)—, a value structure of VMF is tested with partial least square–SEM as a reflective-formative-formative third-order model. Benefits and sacrifices are second-order constructs, while five positives (escape, novelty, enjoyment, musical content, and socialization) and two negatives (monetary and nonmonetary costs) are first-order ones. Results show VMFs value as a multidimensional trade-off, where socialization is not contributing to value, but a balance between cognitive (musical content) and affective (enjoyment, and less escape and novelty) exists. Furthermore, consumer value intensifies both cognitive and affective satisfaction, but just the former affects loyalty. These findings provide new insights to better understand the decision-making processes of virtual festival attendees.     

The links between active cooperation and eco-innovation orientation of firms: A multi-analysis study

The environmental orientation of companies is key for firms to gain a competitive advantage against peers. However, the high level of novelty and uncertainty involved with eco-innovations requires additional knowledge and capabilities that go beyond the firm and that can be achieved through cooperation. Thus, it is crucial to analyse how cooperation affects the elements that drive eco-innovation. This study tests the impact of cooperation on the environmental orientation of companies while innovating using structural equation modelling with partial least squares and multigroup analysis and a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis for a sample of Spanish companies. Results suggest that companies that do not cooperate are less eco-innovation-oriented and show lower dependence on external information sources, although their impact on the orientation to product and process innovation is higher. This work leads to some theoretical conclusions and implications for researchers and practitioners.