农民对宅基地权利认知及影响因素研究*——以河北省新乐市为例

［目的］通过对河北省新乐市农民在宅基地权力认知及影响因素方面的分析，探究我国农村宅基地制度并提出相关建议。［方法］文章受制度功能可信度理论启发，以河北省新乐市14个行政村为调研对象，探究农民对宅基地相关权利认知情况，同时采用Spearman相关性分析研究影响农民宅基地认知的因素。［结果］调研地自发宅基地流转市场已形成，宅基地制度功能处于社会保障功能向财产功能转变的过渡阶段； 农民对宅基地所有权认知不明晰，但并不影响宅基地市场建立； 在宅基地流转中，农民更关注相互之间信任、村委会保留的记录、流转中形成的“事实产权”； 农民性别、年龄、受教育水平和家庭人口数是影响权利认知的主要因素。［结论］依据制度功能可信度理论充分考虑宅基地制度在现阶段的功能变化，因地制宜； 政府应关注农民的宅基地使用权问题，使其真正成为农民的财产； 应对农村宅基地流转中形成的事实产权逐渐正式化； 应制定年轻人就业帮扶和年长者社会保障等相关政策，避免宅基地流转影响农村社会稳定性。     

浅谈房地产开发项目的施工管理

房地产开发中的工程建设是一项投资额巨大、建设周期长、技术复杂的工作,决定着房地产企业经济效益。本文结合笔者多年的工作经验,从房地产开发项目的进度、质量以及成本三个方面阐述施工管理中问题以及解决措施。     

数字图像处理技术在腐蚀科学中的应用研究

随着计算机多媒体技术的迅速发展和普及,图像处理已经在众多领域中得到广泛应用,如医药、军事、气象、科研等。其中,数字图像处理技术在腐蚀科学和工程领域的应用中取得了良好成效。本文主要就数字图像处理技术在腐蚀科学中的应用进行了研究,并得出了相关结论。     

我国财经类会计专业实践调查

本文针对会计专业毕业生就业现状进行了调研和理论深化,将新思想推向社会和市场,新理论付诸实践,在和谐的基础上求创新求发展。     

陕西省农地经营权流转服务体系建设浅析

2011年《陕西省人民政府关于促进农村土地承包经营权流转的指导意见》发布以来,陕西省农地经营权流转发展迅速,农业生产效益得到明显提高;但仍存在土地产权不明晰、农地经营权流转市场不成熟、农地经营权流转法律法规不健全等问题,严重限制农地经营权流转的速度与范围。文章采取实地查勘、问卷调查、走访农户、搜集数据及逻辑分析等方法,针对陕西省农地经营权流转的现状、问题、成因进行实地调研,并提出加强陕西省农地经营权流转服务体系建设的合理化建议:(1)通过土地确权、规范农地经营权流转流程,提高农地经营权流转效率;(2)通过发展现代农业电商平台、保险、智库、创客空间,提高农业收益。     

工程造价咨询企业发展对策研究——以神华集团为例

通过赴国内外知名企业现场实地调研,对比国际国内一流咨询公司,研究分析我国咨询行业尤其是造价咨询业当前存在的问题。并以神华集团为例,探索研究专业化咨询公司的市场定位、发展战略以及具体业务定位,提出适合专业工程咨询公司发展战略的对策和建议。     

铁路个性化货运产品的设计分析与实现方案研究

随着市场经济和铁路运输业的快速发展,个性化运输需求和铁路自身的发展要求推动着产品战略的转型。本文从铁路货运产品的特征入手,讨论了个性化产品设计的基本原则,提出了一种结构体系,并结合铁路生产实践给出了实现方案。     

Building from Scratch: New Cities,Privatized Urbanism and the Spatial Restructuring of Johannesburg after Apartheid

By the start of the twenty‐first century, the once dominant historical downtown core of Johannesburg had lost its privileged status as the center of business and commercial activities, the metropolitan landscape having been restructured into an assemblage of sprawling, rival edge cities. Real estate developers have recently unveiled ambitious plans to build two completely new cities from scratch: Waterfall City and Lanseria Airport City (formerly called Cradle City) are master‐planned, holistically designed ‘satellite cities’ built on vacant land. While incorporating features found in earlier city‐building efforts, these two new self‐contained, privately‐managed cities operate outside the administrative reach of public authority and thus exemplify the global trend toward privatized urbanism. Waterfall City, located on land that has been owned by the same extended family for nearly 100 years, is spearheaded by a single corporate entity. Lanseria Airport City/Cradle City is a planned ‘aerotropolis’ surrounding the existing Lanseria airport at the northwest corner of the Johannesburg metropole. These two new private cities differ from earlier large‐scale urban projects because everything from basic infrastructure (including utilities, sewerage, and the installation and maintenance of roadways), landscaping, security services, the regulation of common spaces, and selling and branding the city are firmly in the hands of private profit‐making corporate entities and outside the mandate of public authorities.     

Measuring the effects of preservation on farm profits in a continuous treatment setting

Despite billions of dollars of public appropriations to state purchase of development rights (PDR) programmes, there has been limited evaluation of the effects of these investments on the economic performance of preserved farms. This article estimates dose-response functions to evaluate the effects of enrolment in New Jersey’s PDR programme on farm profitability. The generalized propensity score method in a continuous treatment setting is used to address selection bias arising from voluntary programme participation. Treatment effects are measured across treatment levels to determine whether farm profitability is affected differently across levels of programme participation. Our findings reveal that, relative to unpreserved farms, profit per acre tends to increase along lower treatment levels. The profit per acre of preserved farms in the 1–40% treatment range is, on average, $407 higher than that of unpreserved farms in the full sample. Positive profit differentials averaging between $317 and $472 per acre are also observed in the 1–20%, 1–40% and 1–60% treatment quintiles in the farming occupation sample. We do not observe statistically significant profitability differentials when treatment effects are averaged across all positive treatment values.     

基于无景点乡村旅游发展模式探析

基于节假日景区游客过多、传统景点门票价格较高以及游客更加注重追求休闲舒适的旅游环境等现实状况,一种由传统景点旅游衍生的新兴旅游方式——无景点的乡村旅游应运而生。无景点旅游因具有休闲性、选择开放性、大众普及性的特点,而深受资深旅客喜爱。目前,乡村旅游市场环境已初步形成,我国各省均大力发展乡村旅游,且乡村旅游市场投入在旅游开发总投入中所占比重逐年增加。但乡村旅游发展仍存在诸多弊端,如缺少地方乡村特色,商业化色彩明显;基础设施不健全,从业人员素质不高;旅游产品设计单一,缺乏品牌意识;管理不够科学规范,经营格局杂而乱等。为使乡村旅游能够更长远的发展,文章提出挖掘传统地域特色,开发本土乡村文化;统筹规划引导乡村旅游发展,专业培训农户经营者;消除旅游产品同质性,提升旅游档次;借助网络新媒体,宣传推广乡村旅游等对策。