威海市海洋渔业资源可持续利用评价研究

全面收集整理了2007-2015年威海市渔业资源、经济和社会统计数据,在分析海洋渔业资源特点基础上,利用层次分析法原理构建了威海市海洋渔业资源可持续利用评价指标体系,该指标体系包括资源环境子系统、社会子系统和经济子系统3个层次的24个指标,采用层次分析法确定各指标的权重,应用层次灰色综合评价模型首次定量评估了2007-2015年威海市海洋渔业资源可持续利用水平。结果表明:2007年,威海市海洋渔业资源可持续利用综合评价值为0.45,2008年,评价值降至近9年的最低值0.15,仅为2007年的33.2%,2009年评价值回升到0.48,2010年,再次下降到较低的水平0.17,仅为2009年的35.9%,2010-2014年评价值一直维持在极低的水平,海洋渔业资源可持续利用水平一直处于较低的状态,2015年,评价值达到最大值0.82,是最低值的5.54倍,海洋渔业资源可持续利用水平明显提高。     

数字图书馆防盗链设计以及实现研究

数字资源的拥有者应该设计图书馆数字资源的防盗链方案,提升数字图书馆的防盗链能力。本文通过对数字图书馆的了解,进行数字图书馆防盗链设计的研究。     

Multimarket Contact and Rivalry over Knowledge‐based Resources

Research summary: Research shows that multimarket contact (MMC ) reduces rivalry involving downstream activities. Yet, studies showing that MMC can increase the threat of imitation suggest a need to better understand how MMC affects upstream rivalry over knowledge‐based resources. In this study, we argue that MMC increases rivalry over knowledge‐based resources since the deterrent threat of retaliation that typically leads to mutual forbearance in downstream activities will not be sufficient to restrain firms from protecting their knowledge from imitation in upstream activities. In support of these arguments we find that MMC increases the likelihood that a firm initiates patent litigation against a rival. This study suggests the relationship between MMC and rivalry may depend on the competitive domain and the type of resources over which firms are competing . Managerial Summary: How does market overlap or MMC affect rivalry between two competitors? Prior studies have largely found that an increase in market overlap decreases rivalry in less knowledge‐intensive context because of the deterrent threat of retaliation. However, in this paper, we argue that an increase in market overlap may not reduce rivalry in more knowledge‐intensive context because of heterogeneity in capabilities to protect knowledge. We find that a firm is more likely to initiate patent litigation against a rival as market overlap increases. Our findings suggest that the incentive to protect value across multiple product markets may surpass the motivation to cooperate with rivals and that managers should have a more nuanced view of how market overlap with competitors affects rivalry in more knowledge‐intensive contexts . Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Success factors in a CRM strategy: technology is not all

Organisations today need to create, maintain and reinforce relationships with customers. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) seems to have helped firms to better understand their relationships. However, past studies have looked at technology and customer orientations (COs) as key factors. This paper aims to analyse the simultaneous effect of Market Orientation (MO) (rather than CO), Knowledge Management (KM) and other organisational factors in order to explain how to implement a successful CRM. Findings suggest that MO and KM may influence CRM success. Data also suggest that particular organisational factors such as employees, leadership and specific know-how may be key factors in determining the success of CRM. For efficiency resource management, this paper recommends to focus not as much in technology, but on programmes for selection, training and motivation of employees which may enhance CRM objectives. Companies may also pursue a higher customer value by putting in place and reinforcing KM schemes in specific know-hows about CRM.     

中国玉米芯资源量估算及其开发利用

文章首先采用文献考证法,确定玉米芯产量与玉米产量之比值;在此基础上,采用副产品比重法,结合玉米产量统计数据,对全国及各省(市、自治区)的玉米芯产量进行估算,并分析其区域分布;通过实地调查,结合文献综述,从原料化、饲料化、基料化、能源化的角度,系统阐述我国玉米芯资源综合利用途径。结果表明:玉米芯产量与玉米产量之比为0.21;2013年全国玉米芯资源总产量为4 590万t,相当于全国秸秆总产量的4.90%或玉米秸秆总产量的19.10%。主要分布于东北地区与黄淮海地区,产量分别为1 586.61万t与1 185.41万t,两地区合计占全国玉米芯产量的60.42%。玉米芯是我国各类秸秆资源中高值化利用率较高的种类,其原料化、基料化、饲料化及能源化利用总量达到800万t左右。食用菌基料化、新型能源化利用是提高我国玉米芯综合利用水平的基本途径。多产品联产可有效地促进我国玉米芯工业原料化利用水平的不断提升。积极开展玉米芯发酵饲料技术推广与应用可为我国玉米芯资源高值化利用开辟新途径。     

电厂主体工程项目对地下水环境的影响研究

以北方平原区某电厂为例,对地下水环境现状进行分析,确定了环境保护目标。根据污染物排放情况,确定了地下水环境污染指标,设定了源强,并采用Mod Flow三维水流模型和溶质运移模型预测电厂主体工程在事故条件下污染物的空间分布,对地下水环境产生的影响进行评价,提出了地下水环境保护措施和对策。     

基于主成分分析的关中—天水经济区水资源承载力评价

[目的]通过探讨关中—天水经济区水资源状况,可为经济区水资源的合理配置与经济社会的协调、可持续发展提供决策参考。[方法]根据关中—天水经济区2007~2016年相关统计资料,采用主成分分析法和构建指标体系对经济区水资源承载力从时间和空间两个角度进行综合评价。[结果](1)经济区水资源承载力得分由2007年的-0.067增加至2016年的1.877,水资源承载力与开发利用潜力呈现由大到小的变化,而水资源开发利用强度则呈逐渐增大趋势。(2)经济区各地市间水资源承载力存在显著差异,西安、咸阳两地的水资源承载力得分最高,均超过1.300,但水资源承载力和开发利用潜力最小;而杨凌、铜川两地的水资源承载力得分最低,均小于-2.250,但水资源承载力和开发利用潜力则最大。(3)经济发展水平、人口数量、水资源供需量、工农业生产用水是影响经济区水资源承载力大小的主要因素;其中,经济发展水平的贡献最大。[结论]经济区水资源承载力与开发利用潜力变小,开发利用强度增大;各地市间水资源承载力差异显著,将在一定程度上对经济区人口、经济、环境可持续发展起着明显的制约作用。为了促进经济区经济社会的健康可持续发展,应加强对水资源的管理与废水处理,合理控制经济区人口容量,提高社会节水意识,转变经济发展模式,大力推行节水型与节约型经济发展道路。     

基于生态足迹模型的湖北省农业资源开发评估

[目的]农业资源是人类生存发展的重要物质基础,对维持社会经济的可持续发展具有主导作用。评估湖北省农业资源的开发利用状况,为今后统筹资源利用和社会经济协调提供理论依据,以期提出可行性建议。[方法]采用生态足迹模型,计算了2009—2015年湖北省的人均生态足迹和人均生态容量及生态赤字,分析了该省各土地利用类型的人均生态足迹组分变化和各项农业生物资源和能源资源的开发状况,对资源开发总体形势展开了评价。[结果] 2009—2013年湖北省人均生态足迹逐年递增,2014和2015年明显降低,但人均生态足迹远高于人均生态容量。能源用地、建筑用地和草地构成了湖北省人均生态足迹的主体,且开发强度呈上升趋势。其中,玉米、小麦、稻谷、蔬菜以及各类畜产品和水产品,部分能源资源的开发强度增强。[结论]湖北省对农业资源的开发已超过生态系统的供给能力,严重威胁到生态系统的稳态,土地资源的承载力面临较大压力。全省需要从改变消费和生产方式,调整产业结构,优化土地利用类型,合理布局土地利用规划,发展高效农业资源利用模式等方面入手,提高农业资源的开发效率,降低人均生态足迹,维持生态容量。保证全省休闲农业与乡村生态旅游事业健康发展。     

Fluctuating levels of personal role engagement within the working day: A multilevel study

In this diary study, we examined a theoretical model in which the psychological conditions of meaningfulness, availability, and safety serve as mechanisms through which the work context during discrete situations within the workday influences “state” engagement. We further theorised that a person's “trait” level of engagement would exert cross‐level effects on the state level relationships. Multilevel analyses based on a sample of 124 individuals in six organisations and 1,446 situational observations revealed that meaningfulness and availability (but not safety) mediated the relationships between perceptions of the work context and state engagement. High levels of trait engagement strengthened the within‐person relation between availability and state engagement, yet weakened the within‐person relation between meaningfulness and state engagement, suggesting two different processes may be at play. Overall, the findings advance our understanding of engagement as a multilevel and temporally dynamic psychological phenomenon and promote a contextually based HRM approach to facilitating engagement.     

Antecedents of Truck Drivers’ Job Satisfaction and Retention Proneness

The aim of this study was to (1) explore the antecedents of truck drivers’ job satisfaction, (2) identify the impact of financial and nonfinancial job properties on satisfaction with the job and with one's employer, and (3) the drivers’ proneness to retaining their jobs. Based on the extant literature, we develop a conceptual model that is tested using survey data for 164 truck drivers. Multiple linear and ordinal logistic regressions were used to estimate the proposed effects. The results reveal that nonfinancial job properties and satisfaction with one's employer affect job satisfaction is statistically significant. Financial and nonfinancial job properties affect satisfaction with one's employer whereas the former shows a lower impact compared to the latter. Satisfaction with the job and one's employer impacts retention proneness. The contribution of this study was to (1) add to the understanding of the factors that predict retention of truck drivers in relationship to job satisfaction and (2) highlight the different roles of financial and nonfinancial job properties in this specific work context.