构建统计学实践教学一体化研究

本文通过对统计学实践教学的现状分析,提出深化经济管理类专业统计学实践教学模式的改革,以期提高统计学教学质量和教学效果,为社会培养更多符合其需要的经济管理类应用型人才。     

Fixed Effects and Random Effects Estimation of Higher-order Spatial Autoregressive Models with Spatial Autoregressive and Heteroscedastic Disturbances

Abstract

This paper develops a unified framework for fixed effects (FE) and random effects (RE) estimation of higher-order spatial autoregressive panel data models with spatial autoregressive disturbances and heteroscedasticity of unknown form in the idiosyncratic error component. We derive the moment conditions and optimal weighting matrix without distributional assumptions for a generalized moments (GM) estimation procedure of the spatial autoregressive parameters of the disturbance process and define both an RE and an FE spatial generalized two-stage least squares estimator for the regression parameters of the model. We prove consistency of the proposed estimators and derive their joint asymptotic distribution, which is robust to heteroscedasticity of unknown form in the idiosyncratic error component. Finally, we derive a robust Hausman test of the spatial random against the spatial FE model.     

靖江市污染源普查现状分析及污染控制措施

江苏省靖江市作为长江三角洲经济区的组成部分,在综合实力快速攀升的同时,造成的环境污染也不可小觑。利用污染源普查数据和社会经济统计数据,对本区域内的污染物产生、排放特点及污染现状进行了分析,指出了在工业污染得到重视的同时,生活污染和农业污染也不可忽视。它们共同作用,造成环境质量水、气、土壤(底质)中多项指标超标。并针对工业污染、生活污染和农业污染的不同排放特征提出相应的治理措施。     

Estimating structural equation models with non-normal variables by using transformations

We discuss structural equation models for non-normal variables. In this situation the maximum likelihood and the generalized least-squares estimates of the model parameters can give incorrect estimates of the standard errors and the associated goodness-of-fit chi-squared statistics. If the sample size is not large, for instance smaller than about 1000, asymptotic distribution-free estimation methods are also not applicable. This paper assumes that the observed variables are transformed to normally distributed variables. The non-normally distributed variables are transformed with a Box–Cox function. Estimation of the model parameters and the transformation parameters is done by the maximum likelihood method. Furthermore, the test statistics (i.e. standard deviations) of these parameters are derived. This makes it possible to show the importance of the transformations. Finally, an empirical example is presented.     

Karl Pearson—The Scientific Life in a Statistical Age by Theodore M. Porter: A Review

Porter presents an excellent account of the young Karl Pearson and his extraordinarily varied activities. These ranged from the Cambridge Mathematical Tripos Exams to German history and folklore, and included free thought, socialism, the woman's question, and the law. Returning to science, Pearson produced the famous Grammar of Science . He decided on a career in statistics only at age 35. Porter emphasizes Pearson's often acrimonious but largely successful battles to show the wide applicability and importance of statistics in many areas of science and public affairs. Eugenics became a passion for Pearson. Avoiding all formulas Porter fails to give any concrete ideas of even Pearson's most important contributions to statistical theory. We try to sketch these here.     

Geographical downscaling of outputs provided by an economic farm model calibrated at the regional level

There is a strong need for accurate and spatially referenced information regarding policy making and model linkage. This need has been expressed by land users, and policy and decision makers in order to estimate both spatially and locally the impacts of European policy (like the Common Agricultural Policy) and/or global changes on farm-groups. These entities are defined according to variables such as altitude, economic size and type of farming (referring to land uses). European farm-groups are provided through the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) as statistical information delivered at regional level. The aim of the study is to map locally farm-group probabilities within each region. The mapping of the farm-groups is done in two steps: (1) by mapping locally the co-variables associated to the farm-groups, i.e. altitude and land uses; (2) by using regional FADN data as a priori knowledge for transforming land uses and altitude information into farm-groups location probabilities within each region. The downscaling process focuses on the land use mapping since land use data are originally point information located every 18 km. Interpolation of land use data is done at 100 m by using co-variables like land cover, altitude, climate and soil data which are continuous layers usually provided at fine resolution. Once the farm-groups are mapped, European Policy and global changes scenarios are run through an agro-economic model for assessing environmental impacts locally.     

论虚拟经营对现代服务业发展的影响——兼论在虚拟经营模式下现代服务业统计的调整

大力发展现代服务业,尤其是生产性服务业,是建设我国新型工业化的必由之路。企业虚拟化经营的广泛实施,加速了许多具有服务属性的运行功能从企业,尤其是制造型企业中的分离,同时以运行功能为对象的社会分工与合作又要求这些分离出来的运行功能以独立企业的形式与实施虚拟化经营的企业进行功能互补,从而加速和扩大了现代服务业的发展。同时企业虚拟化经营对现代服务业的统计也产生了诸多影响。     

统计工作在医院数字化建设中的职能转变

医院数字化建设带来全新的医院管理模式。文章对数字化医院统计工作面临的职能转变问题进行探讨,提出统计工作职能转变的具体内容和方向。     

期刊参考文献著录格式的统计与分析——以湖北省期刊为例

以湖北省期刊为统计样本,分析《文后参考文献著录规则》（GB/T 7714—2005）的执行情况,针对其中存在的问题提出几点建议：人文社科类期刊要提高对参考文献著录规范的重视程度;不宜用注释代替参考文献列表;参考文献顺序编码制要优于著者-出版年制;文后列出的参考文献,在正文中必须对应标注;专业性较强的英文科技期刊可参照同专业的国际著名刊物进行参考文献著录。     

企业统计如何迎接新挑战

随着我国《统计法实施细则》的颁布,在这一新的形势下,企业统计应如何发挥其作用,值得我们每一位统计工作者深思,本文对此进行了探讨。