内蒙古中部城市群建设中存在的问题及对策研究

呼和浩特、包头、鄂尔多斯三市构成的"金三角",是内蒙古自治区中部的城市密集区。呼包鄂三市在构建城市群的过程中,存在一些问题:城市体系不完整、城市聚集和扩散功能弱,产业链条薄弱、区域合作力度小,产业结构趋同、技术水平低。在推进呼包鄂经济一体化过程中要完善城市体系,推进行政一体化,加强城市的协作与分工。     

产业转移与土地利用的耦合作用机理及协调度评价 ——以环长株潭城市群为例

通过构建耦合协调度模型,运用空间探索分析法评价环长株潭城市群承接产业转移与土地集约利用之间的耦合协调度及时空演变特征。结果表明：整体上,环长株潭城市群承接产业转移与土地集约利用之间的耦合协调度不高,大多处于濒临失调的状态;时间上,2005-2017年八个城市承接产业转移与区域土地利用之间的耦合协调度均朝着协调的方向呈稳定上升趋势;空间上,表现出“以长沙为中心,东高西低、南高北低”的空间分布特征,但差距不断缩小,且在发挥系统整体功能上还有协调发展和深度合作的巨大潜力。     

Is Portugal’s forest transition going up in smoke?

The turnarounds from decrease to expansion in forest areas that took place during the last century have been examined through the lens of forest transition theory (FTT). Among temperate and Mediterranean European countries that have seen an expansion of forest cover, Portugal stands out as the only case in which this trend has recently been reverted. In this study, we explicitly map and document the forest transition (FT) in the country over the period 1907–2006, and investigate when and where forest transition happened de facto, and which were the land use transition pathways that resulted from the shrublands, agriculture, and forest interplay dynamics. After thematic and geometric harmonization of land cover maps from 1907, 1955, 1970, 1990, and 2006, a cluster analysis established four typologies, and a transition matrix was constructed to assess land cover dynamics. We found that up to 1955, FT occurred simultaneously with agricultural expansion, as shrubland areas diminished. Afterwards, with the retraction of agricultural area and the consequential decoupling of forest management from local actors, FT gained momentum and expanded up to the 1990s. While during the first half of the 20th century, forest expansion followed the “Scarcity” and “State Policy” pathways fostered by local socio-ecological feedback loops, throughout the second half of the century forest transition was driven by exogenous socio-economic forces, following “Economic Development” and “Globalization” pathways. We show how, despite these forces, FT can be derailed by endogenous factors such as wildfires, which limited and in some areas even reverted the afforestation process, initiating a deforestation phase. Since the necessary conditions for FT (technology shift, urbanization, agriculture retraction and public afforestation programs) were available in mainland Portugal, we advance the hypothesis that critical wildfire risk governance deficits may have been responsible for arresting FT. Considering the critical role of forests and other wooded areas in supporting climate change mitigation and sustainable development, our work provides useful evidence and insights for public decision makers on previously unaddressed dimensions of FTT.     

The role of motivation in visitor satisfaction: Empirical evidence in rural tourism

Motivation and satisfaction are two concepts widely studied in tourism literature; the relevance of these constructs being derived from their impact on tourist behaviour. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between motivation and visitor satisfaction. A survey questionnaire was distributed to visitors at a rural destination in Spain and the data analysed by ANOVA, factor and cluster analyses. The results verified our hypothesis that motivation is a determinant of the visit assessment criteria and, as a direct consequence, of the level of satisfaction (specific factors) of the visitor. However, this investigation also detected the existence of certain elements, which are independent of the reasons that motivated the journey (general factors), but which affect general satisfaction. Based on our findings, implications for management and marketing are presented.     

新疆金融集聚与政府行为研究

金融集聚是衡量一个国家或地区金融发展水平的重要指标，而影响金融集聚的因素有很多，政府行为是其中最重要的原因之一。本文首先选择金融集聚与政府行为两类指标体系，运用主成分分析法对金融集聚与政府行为进行实证分析，发现金融集聚与政府行为存在正相关关系；然后对新疆金融集聚与政府行为的原因及影响进行分析；最后提出了政策建议。     

Information source usage among motive-based segments of travelers to newly emerging tourist destinations

As a part of their travel planning, potential tourists engage in information search that assists them in decision-making. Though several studies have been conducted in relation to information sources, yet, much of these seem to be in relation to relatively well-known destinations. This note primarily aims at reporting the use of information sources among various motivation-based segments of travelers to the newly emerging tourist destinations of India's North-East. This is a region with tremendous tourism potential that has not been aggressively marketed so far. Analysis of primary data through a survey of visitors to the region using a factor-cluster segmentation approach resulted in three motive-based segments: Nature-loving Explorers, Nature-loving Vacationers and Change Seekers. These segments were found to exhibit differences in information source usage. The results hold implications for destination marketers of the region and would hopefully contribute towards better marketing strategies for its various destinations.     

Control mechanisms across a buyer–supplier relationship quality matrix

This study develops a buyer–supplier RQ matrix and explores changes in the use of selected control mechanisms, including coercive power, non-coercive power, contracts, and relational norms, across this matrix. The results indicate, under four distinct contexts of RQ, that coercive power execution is relatively low and has no significant differences in different quadrants of the matrix; that contract execution is relatively high and likewise has no significant differences; and that execution of non-coercive power and relational norms increases as the level of RQ improves. These findings reveal the important roles of contracts, the limited roles of coercive power, and the changing roles of non-coercive power and relational norms, as displayed in four distinct contexts of RQ. They make new contributions to the buyer–supplier relationship management literature and provide insightful theoretical guidance for buyer–supplier relationship managerial practice.     

Realizing new regional core competencies: establishing a customer-oriented SME network

This paper explores the possibilities of combining the recently developed ‘value constellation’ concept and the literature about industrial districts. The advantages related to the geographical concentration of economic activities are insufficient in the competition with companies that are linked to each other within a value constellation - a customer-oriented inter-organizational strategy. This new type of competition forces traditionally operating SMEs in industrial districts to team up with each other in a customer-oriented network. However, these networking strategies are unlikely to emerge because SMEs are locked into their traditional competencies and they lack the financial and strategic resources to develop interactive strategies covering the entire value system. Business associations and local institutions may play a crucial role in changing and shaping the emerging network among the SMEs. However, local institutions are equally susceptible to being locked into traditional patterns of interaction. Their willingness to break away from the past is crucial for the learning capabilities of local SMEs. The difficulties in setting up a customer-oriented network are illustrated by the ‘construction and home furnishings’ business cluster in South West Flanders (Belgium).     

基于网络视角的集群供应链研究

网络科学的研究已经深入到自然科学、社会科学、技术科学等方方面面，在产业集群中的有关研究也有不少。针对目前集群供应链网络的发展，本文结合复杂网络与集群的研究，梳理了集群供应链网络理论的研究脉络，就集群供应链的演进机理、鲁棒性和脆弱性、拓扑结构、等级组织、社团结构和加权网络进行了分析，并指出在集群供应链网络研究中还有较大的研究空间，就集群供应链网络的理论基础、定义、演进机理、网络特征、复杂性以及有关实证和模型作了一定的研究。最后，本文指出在网络结构特征、动力学分析、社团结构分析以及实证研究都是未来研究的重要领域。     

创意企业非研发创新活动对合作创新绩效的影响——以产业集群关系嵌入为中介

以创意为产品内容，利用符号意义创造价值的创意企业，其创新发展模式成为政府和学界关注焦点。以合作创新和嵌入性理论为基础，将产业集群关系嵌入融入创意企业非研发创新对合作创新绩效的影响关系模型，进行验证性因子分析和中介效应结构方程模型分析。结果发现：创意企业技术引进、创意设计及创意学习对合作创新绩效具有正向影响；产业集群商业及政府层面关系在其中发挥中介作用；具体来看，产业集群商业层面关系对非研发创新活动与合作创新关系的中介效应更为显著。研究结论可为指导创意企业依托自身优势更好地开展非研发创新活动，并依托产业集群关系提升不同主体合作质量提供理论参考和实践贡献。