着力提升产业链供应链韧性和安全水平

着力提升产业链供应链韧性和安全水平,是推动高质量发展的基本要求。基于现有研究,可以将产业链供应链韧性界定为面对重大突发事件或外部冲击时,产业链供应链免于断裂并能较快恢复原状的能力。产业链供应链韧性往往与产业链供应链安全问题息息相关。要用中国式现代化的理念和政策思维,科学把握提升产业链供应链韧性和安全水平的方法论,找准提升产业链供应链韧性和安全水平的着力点,注意发挥深化产业融合的赋能作用,培育提升产业链供应链韧性和安全水平的兴奋点。     

Conceptualizing and measuring “industry resilience”: Composite indicators for postshock industrial policy decision-making

Can resilience be a relevant concept for industrial policy? Resilience is usually described as the ability of a socioeconomic system to recover from unexpected shocks. While this concept has caught the attention of regional economics researchers seeking to understand the different patterns behind regional recovery after a disruption, it is increasingly recognized that resilience can have policy-relevant conceptual applications in many other regards. In this paper, we apply it to industries and define the “industry resilience” concept and measurements. Our contribution is twofold. Theoretically, we frame industry resilience as a useful conceptual framework for policy-making to support the selection of industrial policy targets that are more capable of recovering after unexpected shocks. In addition, industry resilience can mitigate government failures by supporting decision-makers in promoting both economically and socially sustainable structural change. Methodologically, building on post-2008 U.S. data, we develop two composite indicators (CIs) to separately analyze quantitative and qualitative postshock variations in sectoral employment. Such CIs support policy-makers in visualizing sectoral performances dynamically and multidimensionally and can be used to compare each sector both to other sectors and to its counterfactual. Our results highlight that sectors react heterogeneously to shocks. This points to the relevance of tailoring vertical industrial policies according to sector features and the aims of industrial policy initiatives.     

对行驶重型载重汽车水泥混凝土道路的设计分析

《厂矿道路设计规范》(GBJ 22—87)给出了行驶重型载重汽车的水泥混凝土路面设计方法,但没有列举详细的计算实例,给设计人员的实际操作造成一定困难。文章结合实际项目,对行驶重型载重汽车的水泥混凝土厂矿道路路面设计过程予以量化和详细说明。     

员工主动性人格对其心理资本的影响

心理资本是组织行为学与管理学领域中的一个新兴的研究热点,它对许多组织后果变量都有积极影响,但目前关于心理资本的前因变量研究较为缺乏。文章从员工主动性人格这一视角切入,探讨了员工主动性人格对心理资本水平的影响。通过问卷调查,利用相关统计方法对数据进行分析,结果发现:员工的主动性人格能显著地正向预测其整体心理资本及其乐观、希望、韧性、自我效能等四个维度。理论上丰富了主动性人格与心理资本的研究领域,实践上为企业员工的人才选拔与素质培训提供了参考。     

江苏省城市洪涝韧性评价及影响因素研究

基于压力-状态-响应(PSR)框架,构建城市洪涝韧性评价指标体系,并运用基于实数编码加速遗传算法的投影寻踪模型(RAGA-PP)和灰色关联度分析法对江苏省各市洪涝韧性进行总体评价及影响因素分析。结果表明:13个地级市城市洪涝韧性指数由大到小排序依次为南京、苏州、无锡、常州、南通、镇江、徐州、泰州、扬州、连云港、淮安、盐城、宿迁;江苏省城市洪涝韧性呈现明显的两极分化趋势,苏南优于苏北;防汛物资储备调拨能力、公众灾害应急意识、居民人均可支配收入、第三产业占比、人均地区生产总值、排水管网长度和高等院校毕业生数等指标对城市洪涝韧性影响较大。     

关中平原城市群城市韧性测度分析

城市群作为当代经济社会发展的主要空间形态,是区域经济发展的重要组成部分。立足于关中平原城市群,基于协调发展视角对关中平原城市群城市韧性进行测度分析。先从经济、社会、基础设施建设和环境4个维度构建城市韧性评价体系,再通过熵值法测度2011—2020年关中平原城市群的城市韧性,对城市群整体以及各个子系统进行分析。研究表明：4个维度对城市韧性的影响程度各不相同;经济韧性关中对城市韧性的影响最显著。关中平原城市群城市综合韧性较低,且发展不均衡,但近年一直是呈现缓步上升的趋势。最后提出关于城市协调发展、提升城市韧性的政策建议。     

中国民营上市企业的组织韧性驱动机制——基于“资源-能力-关系”框架的组态分析

以全球新冠肺炎疫情事件的冲击为观察窗口,本文基于“资源-能力-关系”的理论视角,采用模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)方法分析中国民营上市企业的组织韧性驱动机制,检验非沉淀性冗余资源、沉淀性冗余资源、管理者能力、创新能力、员工薪酬激励和企业社会责任六个条件对组织韧性的组态效应。研究结果表明：(1)中国民营上市企业的组织韧性驱动机制可以划分为三种类型：资源-能力-关系驱动型;资源-能力驱动型;资源-关系驱动型。(2)无论民营企业通过哪条路径构建组织韧性,资源(非沉淀性冗余资源或沉淀性冗余资源)是不可或缺的驱动条件。(3)相较其他条件而言,非沉淀性冗余资源、管理者能力与创新能力对民营企业组织韧性的形成起到更为重要的作用。(4)在一定情形下,资源、能力与关系之间具有替代关系。研究结论为揭示中国民营上市企业的组织韧性实现路径具有重要的理论与实践意义。     

Integrating sustainability and resilience in the supply chain: A systematic literature review and a research agenda

Sustainability has emerged as an important industrial strategic outlook expanding beyond organizational boundaries to include the supply chain. Simultaneously, the industry has also been faced with supply chain resilience concerns. Research on the intersection of supply chain sustainability and resilience is nascent and is a consequence of their observed mutual influences. However, confusion about concepts, implementation methods, and measurements of sustainable and resilient supply chains remains. This study completes a systematic literature review that critically examines several major observations and directions. We find the concept of sustainable supply chains is more established, and general agreement on its theoretical foundations exists. Supply chain resilience is relatively less mature. The nexus and relationships between the two topics are often incoherent: there is confusion on sustainable and resilient supply chains establishment; there is no clarity on what practices could jointly advance both areas. A major conflict exists since sustainability generally focuses on efficiency, while resilience seeks effectiveness. We recommend studies to analyze implementation relationships and impact. We also observe that performance measurement systems should be developed to assess supply chain sustainability and resilience performance taking with explicit consideration time horizons considered in these measures.     

短期事件对旅游的影响:以中国SARS危机为例

通过回顾近年来世界各国发生的短期危机对旅游产生的影响，重点分析2003年的SARS疫情给中国经济特别是旅游业造成的重大损失，讨论了不同的短期危机对旅游的不同影响以及旅游在危机后的不同恢复时间。旅游业对短期危机缺乏足够的防御能力，但通常能较为迅速的走上复苏之路。在这个过程中，适当的危机管理措施和有效的恢复策略是十分重要和不可或缺的。     

基于风险规避的供应链弹性塑造

本文试图从弹性管理的思想中找到一条规避供应链风险的途径,并且通过对供应链弹性的分析,分别从弹性生产,在供应链设计时"预嵌"弹性,提高供应链敏捷性,构建环境弹性等四个方面进行基于风险规避的供应链弹性的塑造。