Cluster Analysis for mixed data: An application to credit risk evaluation

Credit risk is one of the main risks faced by a bank to provide financial products and services to clients. To evaluate the financial performance of clients, several scoring methodologies have been proposed, which are based mostly on quantitative indicators. This paper highlights the relevance of both quantitative and qualitative features of applicants and proposes a new methodology based on mixed data clustering techniques. Indeed, cluster analysis may prove particularly useful in the estimation of credit risk. Traditionally, clustering concentrates only on quantitative or qualitative data at a time; however, since credit applicants are characterized by mixed personal features, a cluster analysis specific for mixed data can lead to discover particularly informative patterns, estimating the risk associated with credit granting.     

禽流感危机下肉鸡产业市场状态分析*——基于互联网大数据和MS-VAR模型

[目的]为了有效应对禽流感冲击、维持肉鸡产业稳定健康发展。[方法]基于互联网大数据构建了禽流感舆情指数,选取2012年1月至2017年3月周度数据,通过MS-VAR模型分析了禽流感危机下肉鸡市场状态的转换特征以及不同市场状态下产业链价格传导关系。[结果]2012年以来可将肉鸡产业市场状态划分为危机状态和正常状态,肉鸡产业市场在两个市场状态下转换频繁;肉鸡产业危机市场状态和正常市场状态平均持续期分别为4.65周和9.05周;肉鸡市场在区制转移概率上存在明显的非对称特征;肉雏鸡、活鸡和白条鸡价格之间在危机状态下相关性小于正常市场状态下相关性;不同市场状态下肉鸡产业链价格传导存在差异;肉鸡产业市场在危机状态下不稳定程度明显增加。[结论]提出了加大对禽流感疫情的监测以及疫情处理能力,密切关注公众禽流感舆情动态变动情况,做好舆情引导,加强禽流感疫情科学知识的宣传,增强公众对禽流感的认知等对策建议。     

Can stable environmental protection officials’ tenure reduce illegal emissions?

Based on the day-night PM_2.5 difference of the nearest atmospheric monitoring points to measure whether there is illegal emission, this paper explores the impact of environmental protection officials' tenure (EPLT) on illegal emissions. The results show that there is a positive correlation between EPLT and illegal emissions. Stable EPLT can reduce illegal emissions by increasing environmental information disclosure and environmental subsidies. It can increase illegal emissions by weakening public pollution reporting and media supervision, environmental law enforcement and promoting corruption. In addition, EPLT can increase illegal emissions as EPLT is less than 3.55 years, while EPLT can increase illegal emissions as EPLT exceeds 6.21 years. Further, when mayor's tenure and EPLT are both stable, the promotion effect of EPLT on illegal emission is stronger. Stable company director's tenure can also aggravate the promotion effect of EPLT on illegal emissions.     

POI数据辅助下的泸州市城市地块用地类型现状快速判断与验证

［目的］土地利用规划和城市规划的用地地块，在实际使用过程中，都会不同程度与规划用途产生差异，如何把握规划的实施程度是土地管理中的一个重要问题。［方法］在大数据时代的背景下，通过对网络大数据可以真实地反映城市地块的真实使用状况。研究采用OSM（Open Street Map），对研究区进行城市地块的划分，形成街区尺度的城市地块。采用POI（Point of Interest）数据，建立了POI分类与城市用地分类的映射关系，计算了不同类型的POI数据的频数密度和类型比例，形成基于POI的城市地块用地类型识别方法，对研究区的城市地块进行土地利用现状识别。识别结果与第二次土地调查分类结果进行对比，验证方法的可行性。［结果］从泸州市的实证结果看，基于POI数据的城市地块识别结果与基于地籍数据的城市地块识别结果存在很大的差别。地籍数据主要是表针城市地块中不同实体的土地利用状况，两种数据采集的标准和表达的意义都不同，因此造成结果存在较大的差异性。［结论］研究认为，POI点有准确的空间位置信息和丰富的属性信息，主要是表征城市地块中不同实体的真实使用状况，可以较准确地判定快速发展的城市进程中的城市用地类型，能较为真实反映城市地块的现实使用状况，但也要注意POI数据在实际应用中存在的缺陷和不足。     

Does data matter? Statewide longitudinal data systems and student performance in the U.S.

Although many industries have benefited from advances in data-driven technology, education is making small steps in capitalizing on the huge potential of data systems. Since 2005, the U.S. Federal Government has been making large grants to help states build statewide longitudinal data systems (SLDS) with the goal of improving programme and teacher evaluation and engage in data-driven decision-making. We analyse whether the introduction of SLDSs improved student performance, measured using test scores for math and reading tests for 4th and 8th graders, as well as high school graduation rates. We find no effects of SLDSs on student performance up to 10 years from implementation. However, we find suggestive evidence that these systems may have long-run effects, emphasizing the long-run nature of educational data collection and policy analysis.     

Salvador Allende's development policy: Lessons after 50 years

Last year, 2020, was the 50th anniversary of the opening of the ‘Chilean road to socialism’ by Salvador Allende. Although the Allende government is the political reference for the 'socialism of the 21st century’ in Latin America, international supporters tend to disregard the primary cause of its downfall, focusing instead on the circumstances of Allende's death. This article explains the link between the Allende government's development policies and its macroeconomic outcomes between 1970 and 1973. It finds that Chile's economic collapse had an endogenous cause related to government policies. This supports the views of Mises and Hayek on the feasibility of socialist economic policies. Policymakers and commentators should recognise essential lessons from the Chilean experience to learn from past errors and effectively promote Latin America's economic development.     

大数据视域下的企业孵化生态建设

论文以生态系统理论讨论分析企业孵化生态,有助于解决当前可持续创业中的问题。目前企业孵化生态建设主要有科技研究、市场开发和商业应用三大部分。这些企业孵化生态组成部分不仅使企业孵化的功能逐渐完善,在网络平台上也已具备了基本的信息技术服务。市场开发和商业应用已经汇聚了人财物的产供销价值链,逐渐向多元化、多模式、多机制的发展方向过度,为打造出全过程、多层次、立体化的企业孵化生态系统提供建设性方案。     

基于大数据时代下企业推进财务信息化的研究

目前,计算机技术及信息统计技术已经得到了广泛的应用,并且大数据统计分析技术逐渐完善,也广泛应用在各行各业当中。对于财务管理工作来说,信息化技术以及大数据技术的应用,为预算编制、成本控制提供了十分丰富的数据资源,也有效减少了信息统计分析的工作量,数据分析的准确性也得到了有效的提升。大数据技术的应用,进一步推进了财务精细化管理的应用与发展。     

探究大数据时代高校智慧校园服务平台建设

在智慧校园中,各种计算机网络、云计算以及移动互联网等技术大大方便了校内师生的日常生活与学习工作。各类大数据共享和交换平台、统一身份认证管理等功能为学校管理提供助力。对于高校来说,需要认真思考大数据时代下高校智慧校园服务平台建设,对此论文展开了深入研究。     

Venture capital,innovation, and growth: evidence from Chinese metropolitan data

Using panel data from 282 Chinese cities from 2003 to 2015, we estimate the impact of venture capital (VC) on innovation, employment, and payroll in metropolitan areas. Controlling for endogeneity, VC investments are significantly positively related to metropolitan innovation, employment, and payroll in a fixed effects panel regression and dynamic GMM estimation. Using the number of IPOs (Initial public offerings) in the city as an instrumental variable to again control for endogeneity, VC remains significant. Our results show that VC is significantly contributing to the metropolitan economy as a whole by supporting innovation, creating jobs, and generating wealth in the local cities.