植物蛋白饮料市场分析及建议

随着近年来公众对健康养生关注度的提高,植物蛋白饮料的市场份额迅速增加。本文分析了植物蛋白饮料的市场现状,并对植物蛋白饮料行业的发展提出了建议。     

蛋白质分离纯化和蛋白质结晶的研究方法

文章主要对蛋白质的分离纯化的各种原理和方法作了简要的概述,同时简单的介绍了蛋白质结晶的方法及影响因素。     

Expert panel on practice patterns in the management of cow’s milk protein allergy and associated economic burden of disease on health service in Turkey

Aims: To evaluate practice patterns in the management of cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA) and associated economic burden of disease on health service in Turkey.

Materials and methods: This study was based on experts’ views on the practice patterns in management of CMPA manifesting with either proctocolitis or eczema symptoms and, thereby, aimed to estimate economic burden of CMPA. Practice patterns were determined via patient flow charts developed by experts using the modified Delphi method for CMPA presented with proctocolitis and eczema. Per patient total 2-year direct medical costs were calculated, including cost items of physician visits, laboratory tests, and treatment.

Results: According to the consensus opinion of experts, 2-year total direct medical cost from a payer perspective and societal perspective was calculated to be $US2,116.05 and $US2,435.84, respectively, in an infant with CMPA presenting with proctocolitis symptoms, and $US4,001.65 and $US4,828.90, respectively, in an infant with CMPA presenting with eczema symptoms. Clinical nutrition was the primary cost driver that accounted for 89–92% of 2-year total direct medical costs, while the highest total direct medical cost estimated from a payer perspective and societal perspective was noted for the management of an exclusively formula-fed infant presenting either with proctocolitis ($US3,743.85 and $US4,025.63, respectively) or eczema ($US6,854.10 and $US7,917.30, respectively). The first line use of amino acid based formula (AAF) was associated with total direct cost increment $US1,848.08 and $US3,444.52 in the case of proctocolitis and eczema, respectively.

Limitations: Certain limitations to this study should be considered. First, being focused only on direct costs, the lack of data on indirect costs or intangible costs of illness seems to be a major limitation of the present study, which likely results in a downward bias in the estimates of the economic cost of CMPA. Second, given the limited number of studies concerning epidemiology and practice patterns in CMPA in Turkey, use of expert clinical opinion of the panel members rather than real-life data on practice patterns that were used to identify direct medical costs might raise a concern with the validity and reliability of the data. Also, while this was a three-step study with six experts included in the first stage (developing local guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of infants with CMPA in Turkey) and 410 pediatricians included in the second stage (a cross-sectional questionnaire-survey to determine pediatricians’ awareness and practice of CMPA in infants and children), only four members were included in the present Delphi panel, which allows a limited discussion. Third, lack of sensitivity analyses and exclusion of indirect costs and costs related to alterations in quality of life, behavior of infants, and general well-being of infants and their parents from the cost-analysis seems to be another limitation that may have caused under-estimation of relative cost-effectiveness of the formulae. Fourth, calculation of costs per local guidelines rather than real-life practice patterns is another limitation that, otherwise, would extend the knowledge achieved in the current study. Notwithstanding these limitations, the present expert panel provided practice patterns in the management of CMPA and an estimate of the associated costs, depending on the symptom profile at initial admission for the first time in Turkey.

Conclusions: In conclusion, in providing the first health economic data on CMPA in Turkey, the findings revealed that CMPA imposes a substantial burden on the Turkish healthcare system from both a payer perspective and societal perspective, and indicated clinical nutrition as a primary cost driver. Management of infants presenting with eczema, exclusively formula-fed infants, and first line use of AAF were associated with higher estimates for 2-year direct medical costs.     

蛋白质分离纯化技术研究进展

主要综述了蛋白质的分离纯化技术,根据蛋白质分子的溶解度、分子大小、带电性质、选择性吸附、配体特异性等性质分类总结了蛋白质纯化的方法及其研究进展,并且叙述了被广泛使用的HPLC纯化蛋白质的研究进展,旨在为开展蛋白质的制备及其应用研究提供理论依据。     

小麦胚芽及其脂类和蛋白质的研究现状

胚芽是小麦胚乳中营养成分最为丰富的部分,较详的阐述了小麦胚芽、胚芽中脂类及胚芽蛋白的营养价值、功能特性、在食品中尤其是在面制品中的应用及开发利用前景。     

大豆蛋白在焙烤食品中的应用

我国大豆制品质量飞速提升,但大豆蛋白于烘烤食品中的应用仍存在诸多不足之处。本文探讨大豆蛋白在焙烤食品中的应用,并提出实用性应用措施,为烘烤食品中大豆蛋白应用提供参考依据。     

氨基酸微肥的生产和应用研究进展

本文总结了国内外复合氨基酸微量元素螯合物生产工艺的研究和进展情况以及降本增效的综合利用措施;对土壤补充微量元素的重要性和方法作了阐述。使用结果表明,复合氨基酸微量元素、稀土元素螯合物具有用量少、成本低、回报率高的特点,不但能提高农作物的产量、改善品质,还能有效地起到灭菌、杀虫、除草、降低农药残留量的作用,是很有发展前途的新型肥料。     

姜黄素对前列腺癌PC-3细胞热休克蛋白27表达的影响

目的：探讨姜黄素对前列腺癌PC-3细胞热休克蛋白27（HSP27）表达的影响。方法体外培养人前列腺癌PC-3细胞,随机将其分为4组,空白对照组不给药;大剂量组给予50μmol/L姜黄素2μl;小剂量组给予25μmol/L姜黄素2μl;阴性对照组给予等体积二甲基亚砜（DMSO）。采用免疫荧光染色检测PC-3细胞HSP27的表达情况,采用RT-PCR检测PC-3细胞HSP27 mRNA的表达情况。结果免疫荧光染色结果显示,姜黄素治疗组PC-3细胞HSP27染色强度明显低于空白对照组和阴性对照组,并且大剂量组 HSP27染色强度降低更加明显,与空白对照组比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。RT-PCR分析结果显示,姜黄素治疗组PC-3细胞HSP27 mRNA的表达明显降低（50%和60%）,且呈剂量依赖性,与空白对照组比较（128%）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论姜黄素可抑制PC-3细胞HSP27的表达,可能是其抗前列腺癌的机制之一。     

Agenda for a new monetary reform

The thrust of this article is that once more the time has come for a broad debate on domestic and international monetary order and on the role and the rules governing the functioning of financial markets in the modern market economy. We have to define an agenda and seek a consensus for a new monetary reform that will take into account both the positive and negative lessons learned from more than twenty years of experience with liberalization, deregulation and privatization in the financial sector, with flexible exchange rates and international monetary instability. In today's world economy there is an especially dangerous contrast between, on the one hand virtually total globalization of financial markets, and the fixation of monetary policy on narrow national objectives on the other hand. The article lists eight major items that ought to be considered in this debate: (1) the adoption of common rules necessary in a global market economy, (2) the need to return to a true international monetary order, (3) redefining and strengthening the role of central banks, (4) examining the dangers of a primarily short-term finance driven globalization, (5) extending the scope of the concept of price instability beyond the domestic price index, (6) dealing with the problem of artificial risk creation in financial markets and establish a more equitable distribution of the costs of risks, (7) reconsider the current distribution between earning on financial assets and other income and counteract the deflationary bias in the current system, (8) redefine monetary and financial order that is compatible with modern information technologies, rather than lagging behind the information revolution. The article does not offer set solutions for all these issues. Its conclusion is, however, that without such a debate and a consensus on a balanced new approach, there is a real threat of a backlash, the threat of losing the advantages of liberalization and globalization and of a return to increased monetary and economic nationalism and to excessive government intervention and control.     

Netweaving alternative futures: Information technocracy or communicative community?

The metaphor of networking is widely used to describe how the emerging communications and information technologies are supposedly overcoming the tyranny of distance. In this case it has positive overtones, as if the barriers are coming down for a more open exchange among different people separated by distance and culture, making for some kind of better world, but is such technological optimism justified? Also, is it deliberate promotion on the part of eager technocrats whose vested interests have been favoured often ahead of a concern for the human condition? Here, an alternative metaphor, netweaving, is used in order to examine the apparent tensions and paradoxes surrounding the introduction of new communications and information technologies. Especially it will investigate the complex associations between apparently opposing dimensions within three layers of the social fabric: globalisation/localisation; centralisation/decentralisation; and standardisation/diversification. A futures studies assessment is used to anticipate alternative scenarios for the impact on the social fabric by the emerging technologies a generation from now, in 2020.