OUTPUT,OUTCOME, AND QUALITY ADJUSTMENT IN MEASURING HEALTH AND EDUCATION SERVICES

This paper provides an overview of measuring price and volume changes of the output of health and education providers. In the national accounts, outputs should reflect the results of production and these cannot normally be captured by outcome, the state of health or education of the population. However, we show that outcome information is required when it comes to quality adjustment of output measures. The paper clarifies terminology, and discusses output measurement and quality adjustment methods with a focus on health and education services.     

符合当代人生活方式的茶具价值指标深析

中国茶叶品类繁盛,且在品饮中,特别讲究色、香、味、形,因此需要一系列能充分发挥各类茶叶特质的器具,这就使得中国的茶具异彩纷呈。无论是造型的优美,质地的精良,都有它的独到之处。中国茶具构成了中国茶文化不可分割的重要组成部分。     

充分发挥商贸流通业稳定物价的功能作用

目前,我国正处于防止通货膨胀上升为主要目标的经济环境中,在治理通胀的过程中,一定要慎用直接干预.商贸流通服务业在众多供求矛盾的结构性问题上,对扼制、稳定物价,特别是稳定居民消费价格具有强大功能；电子商务、网上购物已经成为化解通胀的生力军,可以低成本为民生提供便利和节约时间,充分展示天然化解时空矛盾的功能；同时,积极引导商贸流通业增强经营决策的预见性,对大宗商品、农产品价格波动,要深入细致具体分析,做到两个分清；而体制性、制度性成本是最大祸害,“十二五”规划应该将降低流通领域的体制性成本作为主攻方向.另外,必须剔除轻商蔑商的封建意识,构造公平公正的舆论氛围,澄清商人的是非功过,搞清商人存在的缘由和真相,还商人以正面的社会形象.     

2011-2012年中国宏观经济分析与预测——复苏放缓、风险上扬与结构刚性冲击下的中国宏观经济

本文通过全面总结2011年中国宏观经济的3大表现,利用中国人民大学宏观经济预测模型,指出2012年中国将面临外部经济放缓、内部房地产市场深度调整、泡沫经济逆转以及金融风险加剧的冲击,但在结构刚性的约束下,政府将全面转变政策定位,从而保证中国经济在加速回落中实现反弹,全年经济增长呈现“前低后缓”的模式.     

现阶段中国私营企业劳资关系调整研究

改革开放以来,我国私营经济迅速发展,为国民经济的增长做出了巨大贡献。但是,伴随私营经济的增长,私营企业劳资关系的负面影响日益明显。特别是近年来,我国私营企业的劳资纠纷频频发生,甚至出现了严重摧残民工身心的山西黑砖窑虐待工人事件。在这种背景下,调整劳资关系,提高工人的地位和待遇,成为贯彻落实科学发展观、构建社会主义和谐社会的重要任务。因此,本文以我国私营企业劳资关系为研究对象,对现阶段我国私营企业劳资关系进行了系统的研究。     

An Evaluation of Marketing Practices in Banks in Ghana

ABSTRACT

This study ascertains the extent to which the marketing concept has been adopted and implemented by banks in Ghana. It addresses a gap in an area that is currently under researched and provides insight into the banking services industry in a developing country. All sixteen licensed banks in Ghana were included in this study. The data was collected through in-depth interviews and self completed questionnaires. The results suggest that marketing departments in the banks are organised mainly within headquarters and headed by marketing and advertising/public relations managers. The marketing activities in the banks are associated with the stage where marketing orientation is perceived as advertising and public relations. There is a partial lack of marketing culture in the banks. The total and formal acceptance and understanding of the marketing concept is at an embryonic stage in the evolutionary process.     

我国农业结构调整中的政府失效分析

由于农业基础薄弱以及市场失灵，我国的农业结构调整离不开政府行为，在目前我国的农业体制下，农业结构调整的成败也直接受到政府行为的影响。由于二元经济结构的制约以及现行农业政策安排的偏颇，政府失效严重地影响着当前的农业结构调整。如何有效的防范政府失效，成为当前农业结构调整的一个重大课题。     

A note on estimating the divisional cost of capital for diversified companies: an empirical evaluation of heuristic-based approaches

This note provides an empirical analysis of the potential for heuristic-based approaches to derive a divisional cost of equity from a firm's total cost of capital. Since an empirical relationship between fundamental information and systematic risk has previously been shown in other studies, idiosyncratic information on risk and performance ought to serve as a good proxy to calculate divisional adjustments. Two practically used, heuristic-based approaches are tested and a significant relationship is found between one of the measures and CAPM beta. This method may offer a plausible and comparatively uncomplicated method for adjusting a firm's total cost of capital for divisional use.     

对“十二五”加快电力发展方式转变的思考

电力行业要应对包括低碳在内的能源革命的挑战，必须加快电力发展方式转变。阐述了加快电力发展方式转变的必要性，指出电力结构调整是实现电力发展方式转变的必由之路，而提高自主创新能力是加快电力发展方式转变的必然要求；结合我国国情思考了“十二五”电力结构调整的思路、原则和重点，指出了目前存在的或可能出现的问题，并提出了相应的意见和建议；根据电力科技现状，提出了需要自主研发和掌握的关键技术，从而不断提高电力系统的整体效率、效益和安全性。     

East meets West: the case of Polish expatriates in the UK

This paper attempts to redress the balance in research on expatriation by exploring the experiences of an under-researched group of expatriates in an under-researched destination. Although there has been an increase in research on the adjustment of expatriates, the focus of IHRM research has, to date, tended to view the expatriation process through a narrow lens, emphasising the role of managers from affluent ‘Western’ countries working in less affluent countries. The growing numbers of multinationals and therefore expatriates from other countries means that the research agenda must be broadened, in this case to the experience of Poles in the UK. By focusing on expatriates from a former socialist economy we highlight the differing motives and experience of adjustment that they face. We show how the economic and social benefits of this East–West transfer can be a powerful motivating factor and may override adjustment difficulties. Furthermore, the analysis of East to West European expatriate transfers, from less to more developed nations, contributes to and widens the range of parent and host countries studied within the realm of expatriate adjustment.