企业研发投入、资源特征与创新绩效关系研究

基于资源基础观，探讨了企业“资源池”中财务资源特征与技术资源特征如何与研发投入行为匹配以提升创新绩效，以创业板355家企业为样本开展泊松回归分析，研究发现：R&D投入与创新绩效存在倒U型关系；财务资源特征——资产流动性对R&D投入与创新绩效存在正向调节作用，起着“加速剂”作用；由于组织技术路径依赖，技术资源特征——技术积累程度对R&D投入与创新绩效存在负向调节作用，起着“缓冲剂”作用；资产流动性与技术积累程度提高会促进研发投入与创新绩效关系的阈值提高，促进更多研发投入有效转化。探讨了企业研发投入行为与资源特征的匹配，可为促进创新绩效提升提供理论支撑。     

供应商创新性提升机理：制造商—供应商社会资本作用研究

提升供应商创新性能有效促进制造商产品创新。基于社会资本理论和知识基础观，从制造商视角出发，构建制造商—供应商社会资本各维度对供应商创新性的作用机理模型。通过对216家中国装备制造企业进行问卷调查，利用结构方程模型，验证制造商—供应商社会资本、制造商使能的供应商知识整合与供应商创新性之间关系的理论逻辑。研究发现：①制造商—供应商社会资本各维度对供应商创新性均具有正向作用；②制造商使能的供应商知识整合两个维度均正向影响供应商创新性；③制造商使能的供应商知识整合在制造商—供应商社会资本各维度与供应商创新性间扮演不同中介作用。结论揭示了制造商—供应商社会资本提升供应商创新性的过程机制，对制造商开发供应商创新潜能具有一定启示。     

Taking Actively Advantage of MNCs’ Presence

In this paper, not only do we posit that the presence of a multinational corporation may entail significant benefits for the host economy and local firms’ performance, but also that these benefits can be actively sought and dynamically reinforced by local firms through the development of intense, embedded customer–supplier relationships. Building on the relational view, we argue that this may happen through the commitment of resources to relation-specific investments. Our hypotheses find support in a sample of SMEs suppliers of ST Microelectronics, the fourth largest producer of microelectronic components in the world. We show that by making relation-specific investments, local firms can grow quantitatively and qualitatively, improve their innovativeness, and acquire new clients.     

The R&D Boundaries of the Firm: A Problem-Solving Perspective

This paper considers, theoretically and empirically, how different organization modes are aligned to govern the efficient solving of technological problems. The data set is from the Chinese consumer electronics industry. Following the problem-solving perspective (PSP) within the knowledge-based view (KBV), we develop and test several PSP and KBV hypotheses, whilst controlling for some relevant transaction cost economics and other variables, in an examination of the determinants of the firms’ R&D organization choice. The results show that a firm’s existing knowledge base is the most important explanatory factor. Problem complexity and decomposability are also found to be important, but it is suggested, contrary to the view of PSP, that they are better treated as separate variables, and that equity-based alliances tend to be reserved for the most complex problems.     

创业激情:情绪视角的创业研究综述

认知角度的创业研究已相当成熟,而情绪视角的研究才刚刚起步,创业激情在创业中的作用备受关注。综述了创业激情的内涵、测量、影响结果、作用机制以及创业激情的来源,发现现有研究还存在以下问题:内涵模糊、测量工具不完善、影响和作用机制缺乏系统性、来源不明确。在此基础上构建了创业激情研究的整合模型,提出采用案例分析方法对个体、团队、组织层面的创业激情进行界定,从激情本质出发,开发新量表,对创业激情的负面效应给予关注,未来研究可探讨创业激情对创业结果中介机制间的交互作用,并根据不同创业类型对创业激情进行跨文化分析。     

马克思与斯密:关于投机行为的不同看法

本文强调马克思与斯密对投机的认识存在分歧,主张把这种分歧追溯到他们秉持的不同的个人观念。斯密在对个人进行抽象时只强调了自利性和理性,马克思则把相互依赖、相互制约也看作个人的行为特征。因为强调人们彼此间的依赖和制约,马克思没有忽视彼此依赖和制约着的任意一方行为主体,他正视选择投机的资本家的存在,承认投机还会对资产价格进而对日常生活和生产经营活动造成冲击,在他笔下,选择投机的资本家、选择投资的资本家和雇佣工人总是结成一定的关系借以制约彼此的行为选择。因为没有把个人理解为彼此依赖和制约着的。斯密轻易忽视了选择投机的资本家的存在,他否认投机及其对资产价格进而对日常生活和生产经营活动造成的冲击,无法正确理解选择投机的资本家与他人结成的关系。     

内外部社会资本协同效应对企业能力的影响

内外部社会资本协同效应对企业持续发展日趋重要,梳理其对企业能力的影响机理,提出了3个假设。基于238家企业样本的实证研究发现:内外部社会资本协同效应对企业能力(市场能力、技术能力)有正向作用;当某种社会资本弱于另一种社会资本时,在两者没有达到平衡前,加强较弱的那种社会资本建设是协同效应发挥和企业能力提升的有效路径;内外部社会资本平衡度与企业能力呈现倒U型关系,平衡度达到中等偏上时企业能力最高。最后,进一步讨论了相对平衡范围。     

供应链企业间知识合作影响因素分析

本文利用正在兴起的企业知识基础观（KBV）来研究建立在供应链生产性活动基础上的企业间合作，重点在于研究企业间知识合作的影响因素。文章从知识基础观入手，剖析了供应链企业间知识合作的具体内容，并结合知识利用效率以及知识合作风险，总结了影响供应链企业间知识合作的基本要素和路径，从而建立了企业间知识合作影响因素的分析框架。     

The Co-evolutional Advantage: Strategic Management Theory and the Eclectic Paradigm

The eclectic paradigm has been one of the leading frameworks for explaining multinational activity over the past two decades. Yet recent trends in international business pose a challenge to the explanatory power of the paradigm. Strategic management theory, with its focus on performance differences between firms, provides a useful complement to the OLI framework in understanding the activities of the modern multinational. In particular, global competition and the management of a firm's global stocks and flows of knowledge merit closer attention.The advent of global competition requires us to shift from the existing institutional perspective of comparisons of firms and markets or of foreign firms and local firms to a firm-level perspective of comparisons of the multinational firm to its global competitors. It also necessitates a focus on firm-level capabilities in knowledge management relative to competitors, the development of these capabilities involving both macro and micro co-evolutionary processes. Our arguments incorporate these changes to extend the OLI paradigm to accommodate both an economic and a strategic management perspective.     

新时期中国旅游业可持续发展探讨

旅游业是我国的朝阳产业和新的经济增长点,在国民经济中发挥日益重要的作用。分析旅游业可持续发展的内涵和特点,并结合科学发展观和社会主义和谐社会建设的新形势,构建一套旅游业可持续发展的评价指标体系,提出促进旅游业可持续发展的若干对策措施。