新农科建设背景下江西高校涉农专业人才培养的思考

新农科建设是新农业新乡村新农民新生态建设的必然要求,顺应了新时代社会的发展规律,致力于培养爱农业、懂技术、善经营的高水平实用技能型卓越农林新人才。"新农科"建设宣言的提出对高等院校涉农专业人才的培养提出了更高的期许和要求。目前江西高校存在涉农专业人才数量紧缺且离农化趋势严重,涉农专业精品课程少、设置不够合理,涉农专业人才培养结构与行业需求脱轨,科研成果转化率不高的问题。本文从新农科建设的角度出发,针对江西高校在涉农专业人才培养过程中出现的问题提出了相应的对策。     

The rise of Mexican entrepreneurial migration to the United States: A mixed‐embeddedness approach

Although many studies have analyzed the behavior of high‐skilled migration to the United States, few have focused on the escalating migration of Mexican entrepreneurs, and particularly on the determinants of this kind of high‐skilled migration. This article addresses this gap through a qualitative approach conforming to quantitative procedures, based on 20 in‐depth interviews applied to Mexican entrepreneurs working and/or living in the United States. Theoretically, a mixed‐embeddedness approach guides this research because it allows examining both the individual characteristics of Mexican entrepreneurs, and the influence of the home and host countries' institutional contexts on their business endeavors. Findings revealed Mexico's institutional weaknesses, such as insecurity, corruption, and bureaucracy, are important drivers of migration but so are the perception of a friendly U.S. fiscal system, the search for a better quality of life, and the appeal of a more transparent business environment.     

地方技能型高水平大学视角下的校内实训室建设与管理--以六安职业技术学院旅游管理实训中心为例

以六安职业技术学院旅游管理实训中心为例，探讨在建设地方技能型高水平大学的过程中，如何来建设与管理校内实训室。     

Public Sector Employment and the Skill Premium: Sweden versus the United States 1970–2012

Swedish census data and tax records reveal an astonishing decline in the aggregate skill premium of 30 percent between 1970 and 1990, with only a modest recovery in the next couple of decades. In contrast, the US skill premium rose by around 24 percent over those four decades. A theory that equalizes wages with marginal products can rationalize these disparate outcomes when we replace commonly used measures of total labor supplies by private sector employment. The dramatic decline in the skill premium in Sweden is the result of an expanding public sector that has disproportionately hired unskilled labor.     

Talent management of skilled migrants: propositions and an agenda for future research

This paper unpacks the dominant conceptualizations of talent management (TM) in contemporary academic publications, and considers these in relation to the increasingly important workforce population of skilled international migrants. It postulates that TM approaches are generally built from a relatively narrow human capital-based perspective wherein organizations focus on readily accessible and immediate skills, ignoring the longer term strategic potential of the international workforce of skilled migrants, particularly for multinational enterprises and other international organizations. Through a series of propositions, the paper highlights how organizations, in strategically using a more comprehensive TM lens rather than a human capital lens in approaching the TM of skilled migrants, could benefit from improved HRM performance over time. It also proposes a research agenda, by which future studies might test, explore, and further develop understanding on a more strategic utilization of skilled migrants in organizations.     

资本回报率、人力资本投资与收入不平等——基于Galor-Zeira模型的扩展

资本回报率下降对人力资本投资、收入不平等程度有较大影响。本文将可变资本回报率加入Galor-Zeira模型,理论推导发现:收入不平等陷阱并非不可逾越的障碍。当技能劳动力工资高于受教育固定成本时,随着资本回报率下降,接受教育的遗赠临界水平将降低,更多家庭将发现投资人力资本是有利的,稳态的技能劳动力比例将提高。在当前资本回报率下降的大背景下,提高技能劳动力工资、降低受教育成本、对教育贷款实施财政减免优惠、为农村中等教育支出减负和提升农村教育质量、倡导节俭和重视遗赠的文化氛围在长期都有助于提高技能劳动力比重以及缓和收入不平等。     

“两网融合”背景下贸易经济专业人才培养模式探讨

本文总结梳理了“两网融合”复合型贸易经济专业人才培养的现状和新的要求,分析了“两网融合”复合型贸易经济专业人才培养的发展方向。从建立教学和科研复合型教学团队模式、信息化平台和实验室“多媒介”培养模式、“两网融合”平台全流程内部审计型人才培养模式、“课程思政+专业技能”结合教学模式等四个方面总结模式创新的基本途径。     

医院会计信息化背景下财务人员的内部培训研究

论文对当前会计信息化前景作用下,医院对其财务工作人员所实施的内部培训予以充分的研究,并对实施此项培训的原因进行了相应的探究,进而提出了针对性的相关措施,以提升医院内部培训的有效性,证明其所具有的合理性以及现实性意义。     

浅谈施工企业专业技术人才队伍建设新思路——以中国铁建系统内5家工程公司为例

施工企业具有体系庞杂、技术标准高、人员投入大、准入门槛高的特点。由于常年驻扎施工现场,加之人才培养、人才成长链条不健全,导致施工企业普遍人才流失严重,对企业长远发展造成了巨大的损失。人才建设是企业的百年大计,抓好人才建设不仅是施工企业的迫切需求,更是基建工程行业面临的重大课题。论文以中国铁建系统内5家工程公司为例,通过问卷调查活动,走访了1500名基层员工,获得了较为可靠的一手数据,通过数据分析可以发现诸多问题。结合调查研究情况,论文重点谈几点关于加强企业专业技术人才队伍建设的思考和体会。     

Animal disease outbreaks and food market price dynamics: Evidence from regime‐dependent modelling and connected scatterplots

The economic impacts of animal disease outbreaks have been widely discussed in the literature. Most authors have centred their attention on estimating the direct costs. Recent studies have shown that the indirect economic effects might lead to equal or even higher welfare losses. This study aims to contribute to this field of research by assessing the effect of an animal disease outbreak on food market price dynamics in Mexico, accounting for the potential effect of an antitrust intervention. We employ a regime‐dependent vector error correction model and a connected scatterplot analysis. The results show that both the outbreak and the antitrust intervention caused structural breaks in food market price dynamics between producers and consumers, reflected in an increase in the absolute component of the marketing margin, with serious food security implications.