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1.
Risk‐Coping Measures against Health Shocks during the Process of Penetration of Health Insurance in Vietnam 下载免费PDF全文
Masako Hasegawa 《Asian Economic Journal》2017,31(2):139-164
Does the recent introduction of public health insurance influence households' risk‐coping measures in developing countries? This study investigates risk‐coping measures for health shocks using a Living Standard Measurement Survey in Vietnam where universal health coverage is aimed to be achieved. The estimated results suggest that precautionary savings are the main form of assets in poor households. Health insurance seems to be used by people in poor health, which indicates that the problem of adverse selection exits. Importantly, get well gifts in the form of money play a significant role in helping households cope with health shocks. A traditional informal insurance system still exists in close Vietnamese communities. 相似文献
2.
Despite the introduction of sophisticated stock market indices, investors often trade portfolios of the flawed indices to change their exposure to the market. In this study, we show that these transactions cause significant mispricing in individual stocks, especially during periods of significant market movement. As an influential, albeit flawed, stock index, we focus on the Nikkei 225. We find index constituents that are excessively weighted on the index, experience buying (selling) pressure when the stock market surges (falls), and experience price corrections after such periods of change. In contrast, non-constituent stocks do not experience such trading pressure. 相似文献
3.
Yuko Soma Hideko Sone Akiko Takahagi Kazuhiro Onizawa Toyotoshi Ueda Satoshi Kobayashi 《Journal of Risk Research》2013,16(2):105-117
This paper summarizes the results of personal exposure monitoring and estimates the risk from exposure to 18 volatile organic compounds compared with health criteria set by the US Environmental Protection Agency. In study 1, personal exposure levels and outdoor air concentrations were compared, and in study 2, personal exposure levels and the corresponding indoor air concentrations were compared. From these studies, it was concluded that personal exposure to volatile organic compounds depended markedly on indoor air quality and that handling of compounds increased personal exposure markedly. Risk estimations indicated that chloroform in tap water, benzene from cigarette smoke and p -dichlorobenzene from household insecticide needed caution. 相似文献
4.
Environmental and Resource Economics - This study investigates Japan’s energy transitions in 2005–2015, which involved massive economic disruptions due to the 2011 Great East Japan... 相似文献
5.
To explicitly explain the cost-reducing effects of technical progress experienced by each firm, we assume that technical progress,
namely, the prevalence of particular equipment, can be expressed by a function of logarithmic physical capital. Regarding
the technology cost structure, we propose a modified dynamic cost function model that consists of the above equation, the
translog variable cost equation containing technical progress as one of the factors, and Euler equations with respect to physical
and research and development capital stocks. Using data on eight firms in the Japanese electric-furnace steel industry for
the period 1970–1998, the model was empirically validated using the generalized method of moments. An elasticity of production
cost with respect to technical progress showed a cost-reducing effect. This fact was influenced by the type of product and
the extent of each firm’s R&D. Also derived from this model is one reasonable phenomenon of business-cyclically changing the
use of endogenous capacity. This economic information supports the appropriateness of the above model, including the assumption
of transforming technical progress into an endogenous variable, and the methods of analysis. 相似文献
6.
Safer firms receive funding from reputable venture capitalists and offer new securities underwritten by reputable investment banks. We offer a new explanation for these facts employing a moral-hazard model in which a firm and an agent are matched endogenously. More reputable agent's effort has a greater impact on output. Safer firm's output reflects the agent's hidden effort more accurately and therefore the agent's pay scheme tied with the output powerfully motivates her to exert effort. In equilibrium, a safer firm should be matched with a reputable agent since this combination allows to maximize effort of the reputable agent. 相似文献
7.
Masako Kurosawa 《The Japanese Economic Review》2001,52(2):224-242
This paper examines the incidence and intensity of training as well as the impact of training on wage growth, using a unique survey of establishments and employees in Japan. We find that the worker's probability of receiving certain forms of training depends not only on union status, occupation, education, age and past job experience, but also on the business types and practices of the firms. Our evidence also suggests that formal training is associated with the measures of business growth. Controlling for such growth measures, both the incidence of routine formal training and the duration of informal training are found to boost wage increases.
JEL Classification Numbers: J31, J2. 相似文献
JEL Classification Numbers: J31, J2. 相似文献
8.
Yota Ueda Hiroyuki Ebara Koki Nakayama Syuhei Iida 《The Review of Socionetwork Strategies》2017,11(2):185-200
Consultant-guided search (CGS) is a recent metaheuristic method. This approach is an algorithm in which a virtual person called a client creates a solution based on consultation with a virtual person called a consultant. In this study, we propose a parallel CGS algorithm with a genetic algorithm’s crossover and selection, and calculate an approximation solution for the traveling salesman problem. We execute a computer experiment using the benchmark problems (TSPLIB). Our algorithm provides a solution with less than 3.3% error rate for problem instances using less than 6000 cities. 相似文献
9.
AbstractThe structural shift in the USA from a tangible- to an intangible-intensive economy raises a concern that reporting based on generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) might have lost its usefulness to investors. Amir and Lev [(1996) Value relevance of nonfinancial information: the wireless communications industry, Journal of Accounting and Economics, 22(1–3), pp. 3–30] argue that accounting information is not useful for intangible-intensive firms. In contrast, Collins et al. [(1997) Changes in the value relevance of earnings and book values over the past forty years, Journal of Accounting and Economics, 24(1), pp. 39–67] find that the value relevance (measured by R-squared) of accounting information has increased over time and that value relevance for intangible-intensive industries is as high as that for tangible-intensive industries. In this article, we attempt to resolve the above discrepancy by examining the impact of scale on R-squared (Brown, S., Lo, K. and Lys, T. (1999) Use of R2 in accounting research: measuring changes in value relevance over the last four decades, Journal of Accounting and Economics, 28(2), pp. 83–115). We find that, after controlling for scale, R-squared is lower for intangible-intensive industries than for non-intangible-intensive industries and has declined over time for intangible-intensive industries but remained stable for non-intangible-intensive industries. Interestingly, the declining trend ended with the demise of the ‘New Economy’ period (NEP) (Core, J. E., Guay, W. R. and Van Buskirk, A. (2003) Market valuations in the New Economy: an investigation of what has changed, Journal of Accounting and Economics, 34(2–3), pp. 43–67), and value relevance for both industry groups appears to be restored in the post-NEP to the pre-NEP level. We also find that R&D capitalisation increases value relevance for intangible-intensive industries, but does not completely eliminate the gap between the two groups. 相似文献
10.
The authors discuss the changing character of production strategies and organizational arrangements at three leading Japanese automotive assemblers against a background of concern with the impact of work regimes upon employees. Innovations in production line organization are compared within and between the companies, and the argument advanced suggests that the attempt to ‘humanize’ work routines and procedures, by the leading company especially, has met with mixed results. Sornetimcs more ‘efficient’ technologies and forms of organization have been inhibited in the pursuit of ‘human-centred’ forms of work organization. Nevertheless, the article points up the considerable variations which exist both between and within Japanese companies and trade unions with respect to the understanding of the role played by labour. 相似文献