The key elements for being excellent teachers: a case study of Her-Herng Primary School

Quality & Quantity - This study intended to explore what the key elements of being excellent teachers are. Therefore, we engaged in two stages investigations. First, a questionnaire of analytic...     

Government debt and fiscal execution efficiency

Governments have used deficit policies in recent years, yet many still face fiscal debt problems. Thus, this research uses Range Directional Measure Dynamic Directional Distance Function model with negative data to explore the financial efficiency of local governments in Taiwan from 2011 to 2018. This article has three major contributions: (1) The research uses RDM Dynamic DDF model with negative data to solve the problem of negative values on input and output data and uses dynamic models to make up for the deficiencies of past research. (2) Due to the differences in regions, local governments have different fiscal budgets. Therefore, this article uses the Wilcoxon Test to explore the efficiency differences of local governments in different regions. (3) This article analyzes the impact of central subsidies and government deficits (debts) of local governments on fiscal efficiency, and discusses the efficiency of government fiscal execution. The results are as follows. (1) Seven counties and cities with the best efficiency, and seven local governments with poor efficiency. (2) The fiscal performances of outlying islands and eastern local governments are better than those of western local governments. (3) Kaohsiung City has the highest accumulated debt and Tainan City exhibits poor financial performance.     

The Benefit of Frequent Corporate Philanthropy

Applying behavioural economic theory, we argue that the frequency of philanthropic activity is important in determining corporate philanthropy's economic outcome. Using Chinese data from 2003 to 2016, we find that firms with more frequent philanthropic activities obtain more government subsidies than firms that only engage in one-off charitable donations. Firms with better corporate governance, such as higher management ownership and more independent directors, are more likely to adopt a strategy of frequent donation. Furthermore, firms are more likely to be frequent donors when management or local government officers have a long tenure. Our findings provide insight into the giving process and suggest that firms can maximize the benefit of corporate philanthropy if they strategically consider the donation frequency and donation amount simultaneously.     

价值共创引导乡村旅游价值链重构

［目的］通过充分发挥移动互联时代消费者对于价值链、创新链、产业链构建的作用，实现价值共创视角下乡村旅游价值链的重构，解决乡村旅游产业中消费者需求和产业供给不平衡不充分之间的矛盾，推动乡村旅游高效、有序、协调、综合发展。［方法］基于价值共创理论，通过文献研究法和系统论方法，探索性重构乡村旅游价值链。［结果］（1）价值共创引导下的乡村旅游价值链是由基本价值活动、辅助价值活动和价值共创活动共同组成，通过虚拟价值链和传统价值链的互动与融合，实现乡村旅游价值链的新价值创造。（2）价值共创活动是以虚拟价值链为基本特征，以“产消者”创新社区为表现形式，依托移动互联网时代的先进技术，创新性赋予旅游者产品生产者和旅游消费者的“产消者”双重属性，通过将消费者从传统价值链的幕后拉向幕前，实现乡村旅游价值链重构和价值增值。［结论］价值共创引导的乡村旅游价值链需要依托平台思维、共享思维和创新思维进行建设，以消费者需求为导向形成的价值链的开放和互动对于实现乡村旅游供给侧结构性改革具有重大意义。     

基于沙盘实验的工程项目实施控制因素分析

基于工程项目管理沙盘实验和工程项目实施控制的相关理论,运用工程项目管理沙盘从施工方案与进度计划的制定,材料购买方式,施工队伍进出场安排以及融资方式选择等方面对世纪大桥工程进行实验模拟,并运用赢得值理论结合分析软件进行成本控制与优化,寻找影响工程项目实施控制的因素,从而得到最优方案.     

The economic burden of depression among adults with rheumatoid arthritis in the United States

Aims: Depression is the most frequent comorbidity reported among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Comorbid depression negatively impacts RA patients’ health-related quality-of-life, physical function, mental function, mortality, and experience of pain and symptom severity. The objective of this study was to assess healthcare utilization, expenditures, and work productivity among patients with RA with or without depression.

Materials and methods: Data from adult patients who had at least two visits each related to RA and depression over a 1-year period were extracted from the Truven Health MarketScan research databases. Outcomes comprised healthcare resource utilization, work productivity loss, and direct healthcare costs comparing patients with RA with depression (n?=?3,478) vs patients with RA without depression (n?=?43,222).

Results: Patients with RA and depression had a significantly greater relative risk of hospitalization and number of all-cause and RA-related hospitalizations, utilization of emergency services, days spent in the hospital, physician visits, and RA-related surgeries compared with RA patients without depression. Patients with RA and depression had a higher risk of and experienced more events and days of short-term disability compared with patients without depression. The incremental adjusted annual all-cause and RA-related direct costs were $8,488 (95% CI = $6,793–$10,223) and $578 (95% CI = –$98–$1,243), respectively, when comparing patients with RA and depression vs RA only.

Limitations: The current analysis is subject to the known limitations of retrospective studies based on administrative claims data.

Conclusions: This study suggested increased healthcare utilization, work productivity loss, and economic burden among RA patients due to comorbid depression. These findings emphasize the importance of managing depression and including depression as a factor when devising treatment algorithms for patients with RA.     

Exchange Rate Pass-Through to Consumer Prices: The Increasing Role of Energy Prices

Open Economies Review - A number of researchers have found that the rate of exchange rate pass-through (ERPT) to domestic prices has declined substantially over the last few decades. We revisit...     

会计演化逻辑与发展趋势探究——基于数据、算法与算力的解析

数字经济时代,会计研究需要从信息思维转换为数据思维.在对传统会计发展研究简要归纳的基础上,本文从数据、算法与算力视角重构了会计信息系统;以应对不确定性为会计系统的目标起点,归纳了会计算法从确定性到不确定性的演化发展规律及其内在逻辑冲突,讨论了数据和算力提升对会计算法优化的必要性和可行性;最后文章指出,未来会计信息系统需要在新技术革命的引领下实现全面升级.本文研究为数字经济时代理解会计发展提供了新视角,为人们思考会计未来趋势提供了新启示.     

道路施工扬尘排放特征分析及控制措施

随着我国加大对于道路基础设施的建设,我国经济增长的同时也伴随着施工扬尘的产生,道路建设也成为造成当地空气质量问题的重要因素,扬尘扩散也对人类健康造成严重影响.目前的扬尘治理缺乏科学指导,浪费大量人力及财力资源.本文针对道路施工不同工序特征结合大气扩散理论,探究在道路建设中扬尘产生的影响因素及扩散机理,提出道路建设施工扬尘控制措施,有效抑制扬尘产生扩散,减少环境污染.     

高质量发展导向下国家级新区空间优化——基于双效评价与四分图分析

国家级新区是国家区域空间生产策略的体现,新时期高质量发展对其空间优化提出新要求.基于产城融合、区域协同与双效提升的高质量发展目标体系,构建国家级新区空间优化效果—效率双评价四分图模型,比较分析浦东、滨海等6个国家级新区2011～2017年空间优化水平.研究发现:(1)6个国家级新区空间优化水平整体呈现马太效应,低效果—低效率的新区间差距呈扩大趋势.(2)国家级新区空间优化水平存在南高北低的区域差异,南部4个新区中,2010年前成立的新区空间优化水平更高.(3)国家级新区空间优化效果与效率总体均值呈现类雁形与"乀"形变化.从以动态评价赋能精准施策、以绿色创新推动产城融合、以开放协调带动新区合作、以双效提升引导差异化发展等方面提出国家级新区空间优化的建议.