油气企业供应商管理存在的问题与建议——以CS公司为例

伴随着供应链管理的应用与发展,越来越多的企业认识到必须充分利用内外资源保持自身的竞争实力。作为重要的外部资源,供应商管理关系到企业成本与收益的平衡,而要做好供应端的成本管理首先要做好供应商的选择和优化。针对CS公司的供应商管理现状及存在的问题,探索适应企业的可操作性强的对策,以期为我国大型油气企业的供应商管理实践提供一定的参考。     

Have SFAS 166 and SFAS 167 improved the financial reporting for securitizations?

Critics have alleged that securitization accounting prior to 2010 was among the causes of the recent financial crisis. In response to this criticism, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) implemented two new accounting standards, SFAS 166 and SFAS 167, to improve the financial reporting for securitizations. Bank regulators have stated their belief that SFAS 166/167 will result in a consolidated balance sheet (and risk-based capital ratios based thereupon) that better reflects a bank's exposure to risk related to securitized assets. We document that, by ceding retained power or influence through the servicing/special servicing functions to third parties, SFAS 166/167 resulted in real effects to the extent that banks (particularly those that were weakly capitalized) achieved their accounting objectives in the post-SFAS 166/167 period through legitimate transaction structuring in line with the intent of the new rules. Further, we use capital market participants’ assessments of risk retention by sponsoring banks as a benchmark, and provide evidence consistent with bank regulators’ beliefs. In particular, following SFAS 166/167, equity investors of sponsoring banks do not consider (consider) as risk relevant securitized assets that receive off-balance sheet (on-balance sheet) treatment. Securitized assets that are consolidated under SFAS 166/167 exhibit the same risk relevance as assets that are not securitized, despite contractual provisions that would seem to imply substantial risk transfer.     

Should Independent Directors Have Term Limits? The Role of Experience in Corporate Governance

We examine the role of independent directors with extended tenure in board‐level governance, monitoring decisions, and advising outcomes. These directors exhibit a higher level of commitment as they attend more board meetings and take more committee memberships. Firms with a higher proportion of these directors have lower chief executive officer (CEO) pay, higher CEO turnover‐performance sensitivity, and a smaller likelihood of intentionally misreporting earnings. These firms also restrict the expansion of resources under the CEO's control as they are less likely to make acquisitions, while the acquisitions they do make are of higher quality. Efforts to impose term limits on directors may, therefore, be misguided.     

Green multi-tier supply chain management: An enabler investigation

Stakeholder pressure, from actors including regulators, consumers and non-governmental organizations, has made organizations more responsible for poor environmental performance of their direct and sub-suppliers. Thus, green multi-tier supplier management (GMSM) has become an emergent topic. Yet it is still unclear how to enable GMSM practices effectively, i.e. how to enable sub-suppliers' environmental performance improvement. To help address the gap in the literature, this paper aims to identify enablers for sub-suppliers' environmental performance improvement, and it further applies a Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL)-based case study method to evaluate inter-relationships among these enablers and improve the focal company's GMSM practices, by using action research (AR) method principles. The data analysis and discussion with a follow-up evaluation after two years provided insights for the successful implementation of GMSM. The results show that top managers’ support from the organizations is a prominent and necessary foundational enabler. An interesting observation is that close proximity of supply chain members is regarded as a very prominent enabler. Evaluation and feedback on these enablers two years later found that the enabler mapping was beneficial, allowing them to address the most influential enablers, and thus the GMSM practices of the focal company has been highly improved. This paper concludes with directions for further research.     

Does the transformation of accounting firms’ organizational form improve audit quality?Evidence from China

In this study,we examine the effects of the transformation of accounting firms’organizational form on audit quality.We find that the transformation from limited...     

经济新常态下我国双向直接投资发展

美国于2014年11月正式停止了资产购买计划,美联储资产负债表规模不再进一步膨胀,欧洲和日本也调整了量化宽松政策实施方案.与此同时,新兴市场经济国家和欧元区外围国家面临脆弱性调整,中国经济面临增速下滑、发展战略调整、竞争优势转换、红利收益变化等挑战,后金融危机时代的中国经济正逐渐进入新常态.内外部环境的变化使得中国外向型经济发展面临新的挑战和机遇,双向直接投资将是中国外向型经济发展的重要趋向.     

税制变革、人口增长及其对中国历史演进的长期影响——基于“两税法”前后的考察

正确认识中国历史上的人口增长对理解中国经济与社会的长期变迁具有十分重要的意义.文章使用现代经济学的分析方法对中国历史上税制变革的人口效应及其长期影响进行了分析.研究表明,不但税额的变化对人口增长有很重要的影响,而且税制结构的变化也是影响人口数量的一个重要因素:(1)当税额给定时,丁税占比与长期人口水平负相关,与稳态人均产出以及稳态家庭收入正相关;(2)当税收结构给定时,税额与长期人口水平负相关,与稳态人均产出正相关,对家庭收入的长期影响则取决于丁税占比和劳动产出弹性的大小.结合历史上赋役变化的具体情况,我们预测两税法以来的税制变革倾向于释放更多的人口,并引起劳动生产率的长期下降,但是,稳态人口水平的提高却为两宋以后王朝寿命的延长提供了经济基础.文章对于分析当代税收的长期经济效应以及研究税收调整和税制改革也具有一定的启示.     

Inflation and inflation uncertainty in China

The study examines the relationship between inflation and inflation uncertainty in China using Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity model. Particularly, this link is investigated in China’s urban and rural sectors, motivated by the substantial urban–rural divide. The results provide strong statistical supportive evidence that higher inflation raises inflation uncertainty. On the other hand, evidence on the effect of inflation uncertainty on inflation is mixed depending on the sample periods and areas examined. The understanding of inflation-uncertainty nexus in China could provide implications to policymakers in the adoption of monetary policies.     

北京市休闲农业园区空间分布特征研究

文章借助地理信息系统,利用调查的703个休闲农业园区的点位数据,对北京市休闲农业园区的空间分布特征进行了分析,为政府部门对休闲农业进行政策扶持,提供公共服务,以及有的放矢地进行休闲农业园区的提档升级进行决策支撑。从最邻近指数、洛伦兹曲线和地理集中指数以及基尼系数3个方面进行了空间分布类型的测定,结果显示北京市休闲农业空间布局类型是集聚型;利用核密度法、空间分布热点来分析空间分布密度,在密度较高的地区主要集中在昌平、顺义、海淀和通州,热点区域主要集中在昌平、海淀、顺义和怀柔;通过缓冲区分析和二次函数曲线拟合来分析观光园区点位与客源市场的关系,在与一级市场的关系来看,形成30~50km的高密度环,在与二级市场的关系来看,形成10~15km的高密度带,休闲园区分布随距离衰减的规律是先增加后减少;在交通网络密度方面,整体的路网密度较密集,呈现由中部向东西部逐步降低的趋势。从交通网络通达度来看,呈现环状分布兼块状分布相结合的趋势。网络交通度最高的园区分布在昌平、顺义还有海淀的一部分。结论:(1)北京的休闲农业园区发展已经达到了集聚程度,但集中程度不是很高,还有发展的潜力与空间。(2)密度较高的地方主要集中于昌平、顺义、海淀,在密度较高的地方交通网络通达度也较高,可以在密集程度较高的地方设立中转站或联络站点。(3)从距离客源市场的分布图分析,休闲农业的发展受客源市场影响较大。(4)交通网络密度,基本上按照圈层分布,要扩大休闲农业旅游市场范围,进一步增强休闲农业旅游的吸引力。     

评估人生

二十年,在时间的长河中如沧海一粟,然而人生数十年,又有几个二十年？或许这二十年的光阴,正是人生最宝贵的青春年华。中国的评估行业,在经历了二十年的一路风雨后,已羽翼丰满渐渐长大。