MIL—STD—1553B测试问题的探讨

本文在讨论1553B产品的测试原则及阶段划分的基础上,简要地介绍了该类产品验证测试的基本项目及要求,突出强调了该测试问题的迫切性及复杂性。     

客户信用评级体系的校准度检验研究

利用多种统计量对客户信用评级体系进行校准度检验,以对其准确性做出定量评估。同时,使用这些统计量对由两种不同方法构造的信用评级进行了实证对比检验,结果表明,校准度检验能够对客户信用评级的准确性做出有效评估。     

操作风险高级计量法及其验证:国际经验与启示

操作风险计量既是一个新题,也是一个难题。本文系统总结了操作风险高级计量法中的内部计量法和损失分布法,比较了部分国际金融机构在这方面的实践做法。在此基础上,指出了高级计量法应用时所需验证的内容及其相应的验证方法。最后,总结了我国银行业应用高级计量法时应注意的主要问题并给出了可供解决问题的思路。     

Geometrical data validation in 3D digital cadastre − A case study for Victoria,Australia

Data ambiguity and invalidity can cause significant expensive issues in the cadastral domain (e.g. legal disputes). An automated data validation can significantly help to reduce the potential issues. Quality assurance has been comprehensively investigated in various domains, however, the validation of 3D cadastral data is still in its early development. The availability of various regular and irregular shapes for 3D cadastral objects and modern building designs has resulted in a critical need for developing validation rules to ensure data validity and quality.The land registry in Victoria, Australia, is investigating the technical requirements for implementing a 3D digital cadastre. The study of 3D cadastral data validation requirements has been part of this ongoing investigation. This study is being undertaken in three main phases including 1) developing geometrical validation rules, 2) developing non-geometrical validation rules, 3) implementing an online service to validate 3D cadastral data.This paper aims to discuss the initial outcomes of the first phase of the aforementioned study which has focused on developing geometrical validation rules for 3D cadastral objects. The paper reviews the development of four geometrical validation rules which have been formalised using mathematical expressions to check the individual 3D parcels and their relationships with adjoining or neighbouring parcels. The first validation rule checks the compatibility of the cancelled parcel against the created parcels. The second rule deals with parcel collision detection which is required for flagging unacceptable intersection of 3D objects. The third rule ensures the faces forming a 3D parcel are flat. The fourth validation rule assures 3D objects are watertight. The paper concludes with a discussion around the impacts of the proposed validation checks on the subdivision process and future research for the Victorian 3D digital cadastre.     

Work values in tourism: Past,present and future

Although work values are important psychological variables in organisations, little research has been done to clarify the way in which work values are conceptualised. We address the need within the field to understand and engage with wider debates within social science literature by presenting an up-to-date review of work values in tourism research and a synthesis of paradigms pertaining to established value models and theories. We reconceptualise work values as a second-order projection of intrinsic, extrinsic, prestige and social types of values in the work settings of tourism. We then test the conceptual validity of this model through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis using data from Japanese tourism workers.     

Assessing the Self-service Technology Encounters: Development and Validation of SSTQUAL Scale

Self-service technologies (SSTs) have enhanced the role technology plays in customer interactions with firms, yet instruments that systematically measure the service quality of SSTs from the perspective of customers remain underdeveloped. Based on psychometric scale development approaches, this study conceptualized, constructed, refined, and tested a multiple-item scale that examined key factors influencing SST service quality. Through qualitative and quantitative studies in four separate phases, a 20-item seven-dimension SSTQUAL scale was developed that includes functionality, enjoyment, security, assurance, design, convenience, and customization. The scale demonstrates sound psychometric properties based on findings from various reliability and validity tests as well as vigorous scale replications across industries and consumer traits using several different samples. The utility of the proposed scale is discussed for implications, limitations and future research.     

Validation of a market orientation adoption scale in rural tourism enterprises. Relationship between the characteristics of the enterprise and extent of market orientation adoption

Market orientation (MO) is considered as a competitive strategy for the rural tourism sector. A MO adoption scale is proposed and validated for the rural tourism sector. Given the importance of MO, it is important to know the relationship between a firm's characteristics and MO adoption. This study makes a hierarchical segmentation to predict the behaviour of these firms when adopting the MO. Activity and category are the two characteristics that most effectively predict a firm's behaviour. The contribution made by this work is of interest given the new field of application achieved and which have implications for the professional sector.     

A structured framework for 3D cadastral data validation − a case study for Victoria,Australia

There are a wide variety of cadastral objects, ranging from simple 2D entities such as a land parcel, to complex 3D objects such as multistory/multi-owned buildings. The complex infrastructures development happening above and below the ground complicates the processes required for defining rights, restrictions and responsibilities in 3D (3D RRRs). Even in the current, predominantly, 3D analogue cadastral system which relies on 2D drawings and representations, defining 3D RRRs is still a complicated task. With the widespread use of 3D geospatial information technologies, it is increasingly becoming easy to realise and interpret a 3D digital cadastre system. As part of the process of transition from the 2D representation of cadastre towards a 3D digital cadastre, not only will 2D representations be replaced with 3D models, but the examination workflow and its principles also need to be able to manage 3D models. Developing principles and validation rules is a critical requirement to guarantee that the diverse cadastral data is trustable and contains enough detail to define the spatial and legal extents of ownership. This paper proposes a structured framework to define validation rules for 3D cadastral models. The paper’s methodology utilises a case study approach where a plan examination process in Victoria, Australia has been analysed to investigate the principles of examining cadastral plans, and further expanded on for validating 3D digital plans. The paper concludes with a discussion on the implications of the proposed 3D validation rules and proposes future research within the topic of 3D cadastral data validation.     

User-Driven Prioritisation Process (UDPP) from advanced experimental to pre-operational validation environment

When the European Air Traffic Management Network (EATMN) approaches its capacity limits at certain airports, generating increasingly costly delays to flights and for passengers, reducing the impacts on airlines and passengers will be essential. There are two ways to address such increases in delay and costs. One is to strive to augment the capacity to reduce both delays and costs. The other one, adopted in this paper, is to reduce the impact of the delay on airlines and passengers.The User Driven Prioritisation Process (UDPP) provides airlines with additional flexibility in planning within constrained situations where delays are allocated, beyond the current slot swapping process already implemented by the EUROCONTROL Network Manager (NM).The paper presents recent validation results. It summarizes earlier results in a simplified EATMN with one constraint and several AUs showing that UDPP could reduce the impact of that delays on AUs' direct operational costs by 58% on average, and improves passengers’ connections. The paper then describes a parallel validation activity including several trials with SWISS. It focuses on the most recent validation results in a pre-operational environment close to SWISS Operations Control Centre (OCC). The results revealed overall operational benefit up to 65% improvement for the airline; and an initial impact assessment on the EATMN -although limited to one UDPP in the EATMN and one airline using it- shows promising results for the on-going integration closer to operations.While limited due to the simplified network context, these results are encouraging to undertake more complete network impact studies as well as to move forward to environments that are more realistic, bridging towards deployment.     

The selection,use, and reporting of control variables in international business research: A review and recommendations

This study explores the selection, use, and reporting of control variables in studies published in the leading international business (IB) research journals. We review a sample of 246 empirical studies published in the top five IB journals over the period 2012–2015 with particular emphasis on selection, use, and reporting of controls. Approximately 83% of studies included only half of what we consider Minimum Standard of Practice with regards to controls, whereas only 38% of the studies met the 75% threshold. We provide recommendations on how to effectively identify, use and report controls in IB studies.