我国民间金融监管制度的法律思考

民间金融作为正规金融的补充,对我国社会经济的发展起到了不可忽视的作用。但由于法律制度的空白,民间金融处于游离在法律保护范围之外的窘境。供需的严重失衡迫切要求监管机关对民间金融进行规范化、制度化引导。本文通过分析民间金融的现状,阐明我国民间金融监管存在的法律问题,提出了完善民间金融监管制度的法律建议。     

当前形势下加强区域金融监管协调路径探析——以许昌市为例

本文以当前国家明确要求金融监管协调和决定成立金融稳定发展委员会为背景,基于许昌市金融监管实践进行剖析。研究发现,金融业快速发展引发了银行资产质量、非法集资、互联网金融、金融消费等形式的风险累积;金融监管协调存在监管主体及职能缺失、监管协调机制平台缺失、监管实践缺乏协调、监管信息沟通交流机制缺失等方面的不足。据此,本文从实现监管主体全覆盖、夯实地方政府监管协调的责任、明确监管协调的法律制度依据、建立健全信息共享机制等方面提出强化区域金融监管协调的政策建议。     

金融监管沙箱试验及其法律规制国际比较与启示

金融监管沙箱是境外金融监管创新的最新成果,是境外试验性金融监管模式下典型的试验性质的金融监管方法,是金融监管主体应金融科技发展对现行监管模式做出的调整,旨在提升监管弹性和灵活度。目前许多国家和地区建立了金融监管沙箱制度,推行金融监管沙箱试验,并对金融监管沙箱试验的推行进行法律规制,适应和支持金融科技和金融创新的发展。境外金融监管沙箱试验及其法律规制告诉我们,试验性金融监管是国际金融监管变革的新动向,我国应建立试验性金融监管法律制度和相关理论,金融监管试验的规范有效运行需要健全的法律规制。     

农村民间金融监管的国际比较

农村民间会融是对正规金融供给不足的一种补充,我国农村地区资会供给严重不足,农村民间金融得到了较快发展.但是由于农村民间金融游离于正规金融体系监管之外,易引发金融风险,我们必须使之在服务于农村经济发展的前提下将其纳入法律的规制范围中.本文通过分析美国、日本、印度等国家农村民间金融监管的现状,对不同国家农村民间会融法律监管进行对比,为我国的农村民间金融监管提供借鉴.     

山东省地方金融监管体制面临的问题与对策

本文基于对山东省各级金融监管机构的实地调研发现,地方金融监管存在监管权责不对等、监管机构履职受限、监管归口管理难以落实、沟通机制有待完善、民间金融监管存在空白、缺乏处理风险事件的长效机制、法制建设相对滞后等问题。为此建议：完善地方金融监管法律体系,健全金融监管联席会议制度,发挥地方金融监管局的主导作用,加强监管机构分工协作,创新地方金融监管模式,建立监管信息共享制度,健全金融风险事件处理机制。     

新形势下加强金融风险防范工作的思考

新形势下,我国面临的金融风险表现为金融机构风险、影子银行风险、非法集资风险、互联网金融风险等,其诱致原因是金融法制环境建设滞后,多领域存在监管真空或监管政出多门,而且存在着中央和地方监管职责模糊不清,权责不对等,监管效率和效果不佳的现象.因此,我国亟需从国家层面加强金融监管的顶层设计,加快金融立法进程,完善金融法律体系,统一金融风险评估指标体系,增强风险隐患预警,适时创新金融监管方式,有效界定中央与地方金融监管边界,尽快建立权责明确,权力相统一的金融监管新模式.     

中国民间金融及其改革的法律思考

民间金融一直是令金融监管当局比较头疼的问题。一方面,民间金融有其优越性,对于小微企业融资起着不可替代的作用,另一方面,由于其游离于监管之外,成为构成金融风险的重要因素。世界各国都对民间金融采取了政策和法律方面的约束措施,以促进其健康发展。对民间金融进行法律上的规制,充分发挥其积极作用,拓宽小微企业融资渠道,促进金融行业健康发展,将成为中国金融改革的重要环节和目标。     

中国民间金融及其改革的法律思考

民间金融一直是令金融监管当局比较头疼的问题。一方面,民间金融有其优越性,对于小微企业融资起着不可替代的作用,另一方面,由于其游离于监管之外,成为构成金融风险的重要因素。世界各国都对民间金融采取了政策和法律方面的约束措施,以促进其健康发展。对民间金融进行法律上的规制,充分发挥其积极作用,拓宽小微企业融资渠道,促进金融行业健康发展,将成为中国金融改革的重要环节和目标。     

ICO融资行为的挑战:我国非法集资行为刑法规制路径的反思与应然选择

ICO刑法规制的尴尬处境表明,我国现行刑法中“发行标的”与“募集对象”两类规制路径的并重适用,将引发刑法设计上的“逆向选择”,进而形成法律规制效力的分散化。从非法集资被稳定界定与提高法律规制效力的集中性出发,我国应以“募集对象”路径构建针对非法集资的刑事规制体系;同时,借鉴公司法现物出资制度经验,通过概括式规则对“资金”概念进行周延界定,促成以统一的“非法集资罪”罪名对各类非法集资行为进行集中、有效刑事规制。     

福建民间金融地方监管创新体系研究

采用规范分析法和比较分析法,全面透析福建民间地方金融监管体系现状与问题,建议从建立民间金融地方监管规范制度、搭建民间金融地方监管平台载体着手,致力于地方监管创新体系的构建,重点提出构建民间金融地方监管创新体系,以期能对福建民间金融地方监管有所启发,促进福建民间金融的健康发展。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…