政令力求统一 财权不容割据

据报道,目前,170个中央部门所属二级及二级以下预算单位约2.1万个,中央政府本级预算安排的资金以及形成的资产90%以上由基层单位占有和使用。近几年,基层单位财政管理相对薄弱,政策执行、资金和资产使用效益不尽人意,小金库等问题仍比较突出。笔者也注意到,财政部官员在回答记者提问时,直指基层单位财政管理存在诸多问题:监管模式不统一,监管覆盖面较小;中     

利益博弈与国有商业银行不良资产的形成

在计划经济向市场经济转轨的过程中 ,虽然国有企业与国有银行产权安排的实质没有发生变化 ,但企业与银行逐渐在脱离政府的指令 ,成为独立的利益主体 ,有了各自的利益追求。然而由于转轨过程中市场规则的欠缺 ,在整体利益与局部利益不能很好衔接的情况下 ,各利益主体在利益博弈中为寻求自身利益最大化目标时 ,国有银行的不良资产在这样的过程中积聚起来。经济转轨过程中利益集团的形成中国的经济改革促使原有的大统一格局下单一利益主体的分解。计划经济下地方政府、国有企业和银行与中央政府具有一致的利益认知 ;随着改革的逐渐展开 ,各主体…     

浅议环保资金效益审计的难点及重点

当前,我国财政安排环境保护资金十分庞大,急需加强环保资金效益审计工作。本文分析了我国环保资金效益审计的难点,指出了环保资金效益审计经验不足等问题,提出了环保资金效益审计的重点包括执行环保政策的情况、环境保护专项资金缴纳及使用情况、效益评价等,以此加强环保资金效益审计工作的有效开展。     

浅议环保资金效益审计的难点及重点

当前,我国财政安排环境保护资金十分庞大,急需加强环保资金效益审计工作.本文分析了我国环保资金效益审计的难点,指出了环保资金效益审计经验不足等问题,提出了环保资金效益审计的重点包括执行环保政策的情况、环境保护专项资金缴纳及使用情况、效益评价等,以此加强环保资金效益审计工作的有效开展.     

金融体制改革的目标与近期选择

我国金融体制改革的目标是建立能够充分发挥金融系统筹集融通资金、调节社会总需求、引导资金流向、提高资金运用效率作用的金融管理体制。它主要包括三个方面:一是完善中央银行宏观金融调控机制和政策手段;二是完善专业银行体制;三是建立健全资金市场,完善利率机制。一、完善中央银行宏观调控机制和政策手段 1.中央银行独立化。中央银行应能排除来自各方面的干扰及影响,独立地执掌货币政策大权,专门负责保持货币供应量增长与经济增长的平衡。中央银行与中央政府从长期利益考虑的经济政策目标是一致的,但在短期利益上。     

国有企业资金运作监管的探讨

<正>资金作为企业的生命线,对企业的经营发展起着至关重要的作用。资金使用合理规划、资金运作严格监控已成为国有企业适应市场经济发展的客观需要。市场竞争的日趋激烈和企业规模的不断扩大都对国有企业资金管理的理念、模式及手段提出了更高的要求和挑战。近年来,越来越多的国有企业逐渐加强了对资金的管理监控,企业的经营效益也实现了较大程度的好转。但是,部分国有企业仍然存在资金短缺、闲置资金较多、资金使用效益低下等问题。因此,如何建立健全资金监控机制,提高资金使用效益已成为国有企业亟待解决的关键任务。本文拟从国有企业资金运作监管的重要性出发,对国有企业资金运作监管存在的问题及其对策进行探讨。     

湖南芷江:“三严格”确保教科文财政专项资金安全

湖南省芷江侗族自治县在科教文财政专项资金管理工作中,严格资金专户管理,强化资金管理监督,规范资金拨付使用程序,充分发挥了专项资金使用效益,确保了专项资金使用安全。一是严格专项资金专户管理。凡上级下达的专款和本级预算安排的专项资金,一律纳入教科文财政专户集中管理,在资金安排使用过程中始终做到项目单位申报、教科文股审核、局领导审批,资金拨付规范有序,保证了项目单位和财政部门在整个项目实施中,都有     

如何让财政支农资金“小钱”变“大钱”——访河北省财政厅农业处处长石树鹏

近年来，国家出台了一系列支农惠农政策．对“三农”的投入不断增加，但由于受历史和体制的影响，支农资金管理多头、使用分散、效益低下的问题仍然比较突出，在一定程度上影响了支农资金的使用效益和政策效应的发挥。那么，在推进新农村建设过程中，如何建立支农资金整合机制．突出政策扶持重点，最大限度地发挥支农资金的整体效益，     

财政监督与农民监督相结合——完善江西财政支农监督的建议

中央财政近年实行退耕还林、粮食直补、良种补贴等财政支农项目支持对象已经向农民转移。在中央和地方各级政府增加财政支农投入、财政支农资金正在面临挤占、支持对象发生变化的情况下，加强和完善财政支农资金监督，提高财政支农资金使用效益对实现“三农”政策目标具有现实、紧迫的意义。本文拟从财政监督与农民监督如何有效结合角度，以江西为例提出完善财政支农资金监督，提高财政支农资金使用效益的政策建议。     

价值工程理论在政府采购中的应用

政府采购法明确规定:“为了规范政府采购行为,提高政府采购资金的使用效益,维护国家利益和社会公共利益,保护政府采购当事人的合法权益,促进廉政建设,制定本法。”在政府采购工作中引入价值工程理论将有助于这一目标的实现。     

我国化解流动性过剩的财税政策研究

流动性过剩已经成为当前宏观经济运行中亟待解决的问题。2007年6月13日召开的国务院常务会议首次明确提出,要综合运用金融、财税政策等手段引导资金流动,缓解流动性过剩,可见财税政策在抑制流动性过剩中的重要作用。本文以财税政策作为基点,从贸易顺差、资本流入、外汇占款、进入房市和股市的沉淀资金等方面,分析当前流动性过剩的成因并探讨缓解流动性过剩的财税政策。     

Predicting the bear stock market: Macroeconomic variables as leading indicators

This paper investigates whether macroeconomic variables can predict recessions in the stock market, i.e., bear markets. Series such as interest rate spreads, inflation rates, money stocks, aggregate output, unemployment rates, federal funds rates, federal government debt, and nominal exchange rates are evaluated. After using parametric and nonparametric approaches to identify recession periods in the stock market, we consider both in-sample and out-of-sample tests of the variables’ predictive ability. Empirical evidence from monthly data on the Standard & Poor’s S&P 500 price index suggests that among the macroeconomic variables we have evaluated, yield curve spreads and inflation rates are the most useful predictors of recessions in the US stock market, according to both in-sample and out-of-sample forecasting performance. Moreover, comparing the bear market prediction to the stock return predictability has shown that it is easier to predict bear markets using macroeconomic variables.     

Common Volatility: An Empirical Investigation of Closed-End Country Funds

The study of international integration of equity markets has received a great deal of interest. This paper investigates whether returns of forty-one closed-end country funds share a common volatility process with three comparable return series: the underlying net asset value (NAV), U.S. stock market returns, and foreign stock market returns. Country funds are a natural setting to test for international market integration, as they are traded in the U.S. market, whereas their underlying assets are traded in foreign stock markets. Our results indicate that only a few emerging markets' country funds share common volatility processes with their comparable asset returns. This, in turn, suggests weak linkages through the second moment of related assets.     

The Japanese stock market and the macroeconomy: An empirical investigation

We investigate the relationship between macroeconomic variables, such as the industrial production index, interest rate and inflation rate, and the stock market, using Toda and Yamamoto (1995)'s vector autoregressions (VAR) specification. The major findings are: (1) macroeconomic variables do Granger cause the stock market variable, while reverse is not so clear. (2) The lagged stock market variable affects its current value but its impact tend to diminish in the long-run. Policy implication we draw is that the price keeping operation by the Japanese government would not work, but appropriate macroeconomic policies would benefit not only the real market but also the stock market.     

Industry policy,investor sentiment,and cross-industry capital flow: Evidence from Chinese listed companies’ cross-industry M&As

This study investigates how the government’s industry policies affect investor sentiment, and whether the influenced investor sentiment guides corporate capital flow in the real economy. By examining a sample of cross-industry mergers and acquisitions (M&As) of Chinese listed companies, we find that industry policies promulgated by the government have a significant asymmetric influence on investor sentiment. Furthermore, investor sentiment under the exogenous shock of industry policies has a significant real effect on companies’ cross-industry M&A behavior, generating cross-industry capital flow. Additional analyses reveal that this effect arises because the acquirer depends on equity financing and has incentive to cater to investor sentiment. Our findings help clarify the effect of public policies on the stock market, theoretically, from the company’s micro-level perspective, as well as the mechanism by which stock market volatility transmits to the real economy.     

我国证券市场监管的加强与完善

在我国证券市场监管中,政府表现出管得过多的特征,即监管越位现象;但在一些极为重要的监管内容上,政府监管并没有产生强有力的作用,又同时表现出监管缺位现象。因此,应该实行证券市场监管市场化,消除监管"越位";完善证券市场监管制度,消除监管"缺位"。     

Portfolio preferences of foreign institutional investors

This paper examines the investment allocation choices of actively-managed US mutual funds in emerging market equities after the market crises of the 1990s. We analyze both country- and firm-level disclosure and institutional policies that influence mutual funds’ allocation choices relative to major stock market indices. At the country level, we find that US funds invest more in open emerging markets with stronger accounting standards, shareholder rights, and legal frameworks. At the firm level, US funds are found to invest more in firms that adopt discretionary policies such as greater accounting transparency and the issuance of an ADR. Our results suggest that steps can be taken both at the country and the firm level to create an environment conducive to foreign institutional investment.     

中国股票市场泡沫(英文)

中国股票市场历史虽不久远,但股票泡沫却一直存在,这也成为阻碍股票市场发展的关键原因。本文将以工商银行(A股),世纪鼎利(创业板股)这两只不同种类的股票为例,通过实例分析,比较不同种类股票泡沫的大小,分析影响泡沫大小的因素。其中市盈率无疑是一个重要的参考标准,还有公司类型,政府干预也是因素之一。同时,本文还会比较2008年金融海啸前后的中国股市,讨论其是不是影响股市泡沫的又一原因。     

The Market Timing Ability of UK Mutual Funds

Abstract:  We apply a recent nonparametric methodology to test the market timing skills of UK equity and balanced mutual funds. The methodology has a number of advantages over the widely used regression based tests of Treynor-Mazuy (1966) and Henriksson-Merton (1981) . We find a relatively small number of funds (around 1%) demonstrate positive market timing ability at a 5% significance level while around 19% of funds exhibit negative timing and on average funds miss-time the market. However, controlling for publicly available information we find very little evidence of market timing ability based on private timing signals. In terms of investment styles, there are a small number of successful positive market timers amongst Equity Income and 'All Company' funds but not among either Small Stock funds or Balanced funds, although a few small stock funds are found to time a small stock index rather than a broad market index.     

财政货币政策和我国股市关联性:基于脉冲响应函数和方差分解的对比检验

财政货币政策和股市关联性模型表明,宏观经济政策和股市可能存在强相关性。基于我国时序数据的脉冲响应函数检验结果显示,财政货币政策对股市作用存在阶段性并有着非中性和非对称性特征,即无论个体对政策冲击是否存在有效预期,政策变化对股市都将存在冲击效应。但二者对股市冲击持续时间有较大差异,财政政策冲击往往只存在短期效应,而货币政策冲击对股市长期波动却有显著影响。其中方差检验得出,财政政策对我国股市影响力相对更小。