试论金融分业经营体制下的银证合作

20世纪80年代以来，各国金融业纷纷由分业经营走向混业经营，实行银行业与证券、保险业的相互渗透。加入WTO后，混业经营模式也是我国金融业发展的最终选择。然而，现阶段我国完全混业经营的条件还不成熟，由银证合作过渡到混业经营就成为中国金融业发展的必然选择。创建金融控股公司是我国实现由分业向合作再向全面混业过渡的一种重要途径。     

我国金融业混业经营模式的选择及监管体系重构

从分业经营走向混业经营是国际金融业发展的主流 ,也是我国金融业发展的必然趋势。本文在对我国金融业实行混业经营的原因进行分析的基础上 ,着重从金融控股公司的一般经营优势和我国金融业的经营状况和监管水平两个方面 ,指出金融控股公司模式是适合我国国情的最优混业经营模式 ,提出推动我国金融业混业经营进程的总体战略构想 ,并对向混业过渡过程中的金融监管体系的构建做了若干探讨。     

我国金融业走向混业经营的时机条件及模式分析

本文结合国际金融业与国内金融业现状，分析我国金融业走向混业经营的恰当时机、有利条件及合适模式。     

刍议我国金融模式下的分业与混业

随着我国金融市场对外开放程度的日益提高，我国的金融机构将面临日趋激烈的国际竞争，分业经营模式将面临更大的压力。面对国际金融业的激烈竞争，中国金融业若想提升自己的竞争力就势必要进行制度上的创新，混业经营应成为中国金融业的发展方向。通过实行“金融控股公司”试点，逐步完成从分业经营到混业经营的平稳过渡。     

对我国金融业经营模式的思考

分业经营和混业经营这两种模式各有利弊,本文主要对这两种经营模式进行了比较分析,重点分析了分业经营模式在中国的适用性,得出混业经营是完善我国金融业自身发展和提高我国金融竞争力的重要途径,并在此基础上提出了我国金融业混业发展的模式.     

我国金融混业经营问题研究

随着金融自由化和金融全球化浪潮的兴起,混业经营已成为国际金融市场的主流。1999年11月4日美国《金融服务现代化法案》正式生效,标志混业经营体制将成为世界金融业发展的趋势。但是我国还缺乏实行混业经营的必要的经济金融环境,贸然进行转换必造成混乱。因此必须营造一个从分业经营向混业经营过渡的制度环境,混业经营才有可能成为现实。从西方发达国家金融业经验看,混业经营将是我国金融业未来的发展方向,而金融控股公司模式是我国金融业的混业经营的现实选择。由此,我国金融监管也必须从分业监管向混业监管模式转变。     

我国金融业推行混业经营的必要性和对策

先进国家基本上采用了金融混业体制 ,随着我国加入WTO ,以后的金融业开放必将对我国目前的金融分业体制带来冲击。文章主要探讨了金融混业经营的优势以及我国金融业由分业经营向混业经营过渡的必要性 ,并对此提出若干建议。     

金融控股公司：分业向混业经营转型的最佳模式

混业经营 大势所趋 进入20世纪80年代,分业与混业经营模式之间的界限开始模糊化了。一方面随着经济的全球化,金融业经营的区域范围和规模逐渐扩大,新的市场需求不断催生金融产品创新;另一方面,高新技术,特别是电子信息技术在金融业的广泛应用,极大地提高了金融业的内在风险管理能力和外在的监管能力。随着金融制度创新活动的深化,金融业出现了由分业经营、分业监管向混业经营、综合监管过渡的趋     

WTO环境下我国金融业发展混业经营制度的思考

中国金融业在全球一体化的压力下,面临着重大的挑战,金融业改革开放迫在眉睫,而其中最具争议的问题就是究竟应当实行分业经营还是混业经营制度。文章从金融制度变迁的角度、二者本质比较和实证结果角度以及我国实行混业经营制度的内外推动力角度分析了这个问题。提出了我国推行混业经营制度的策略性建议:循序渐进,平稳过渡并分析了我国进行混业经营制度改革过程中应当重视的若干政策性问题。     

分业经营与金融控股公司的发展

混业经营是世界金融业发展的历史趋势,但我国在现阶段还不具备全面混业经营的必要条件。金融控股公司模式是分业经营框架下的一种有效的混业制度安排,是我国金融从分业走向混业的最优路径选择,因此,有必要研究金融控股公司的特点与不足之处,采取有效措施促进我国金融控股公司的健康发展。     

Pleasure and belief in Hume's Decision Process

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to introduce explicitly pleasure and belief in what aims at being a Humean theory of decision, like the one developed in Diaye and Lapidus (2005a). Although we support the idea that Hume was in some way a hedonist – evidently different from Bentham's or Jevons' way – we lay emphasis less on continuity than on the specific kind of hedonism encountered in Hume's writings (chiefly the Treatise, the second Enquiry, the Dissertation, or some of his Essays). Such hedonism clearly contrasts to its standard modern inheritance, expressed by the relation between preferences and utility.

The reason for such a difference with the usual approach lies in the mental process that Hume puts to the fore in order to explain the way pleasure determines desires and volition. Whereas pleasure is primarily, in Hume's words, an impression of sensation, it takes place in the birth of passions as reflecting an idea of pleasure, whose “force and vivacity” is precisely a “belief”, transferred to the direct passions of desire or volition that come immediately before action. As a result, from a Humean point of view, “belief” deals with decision under risk or uncertainty, as well as with intertemporal decision and indiscrimination problems.

The latter are explored within a formal framework, and it is shown that the relation of pleasure is transformed by belief into a non-empty class of relations of desire, among which at least one is a preorder.     

Globalization,Neoliberalism and the attack on social security

Neoliberal political movements advocate privatization of public pension systems. Globalization imposes pressure on nations to conform to neoliberal policy views with respect to the design and structure of social insurance, including public pension systems. The paper begins with an investigation of the economic, ethical and ideological dimensions of the privatization debates in the U.S.; it argues that privatization advocates may be largely moved by ideology, since the other reasons advanced appear weak or unfounded. The second part discusses the history of Social Security, the purposes for its creation, and some of its economic effects. Differences between public and private pension systems are considered. A brief international comparison of some aspects of public pension system finance and benefit structures is presented. The final section considers the ethical, macroeconomic and distributional implications of privatization, prefunding and payroll tax funding, and argues for a pay as you go system financed with income taxes. In order to promote equity, economic security, community, and social cohesion, public pension systems should be universal in coverage. In order to reduce the inequality, income insecurity, and aged poverty generated by market economies, public pension systems ought to be progressive: benefit/contribution ratios should be inversely proportional to income, and progressive income taxes should finance the system. To promote economic growth, the systems should be financed on a pay-as-you-go basis, and should not be prefunded except for an emergency reserve. The fiscal policy recommendations partially depend upon the theory developed by Abba Lerner in the 1940s, and recently advanced by Wynne Godley and Randy Wray: Lerner's “principle of functional finance.”     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

Perspective on the Economic Evolution of the European Union States Under the Impact of the Pandemic and Financial-Economic Crisis

The European Union,which is at the beginning of its term of office for all Member States in the European Parliament,the European Commission,its governing body a...     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Interest on reserves and inflation

The payment of interest on reserves has been a common practice in inflationary economies. This policy may seem paradoxical since it involves returning part of the seigniorage, generated by the inflation process, with the intention to finance the fiscal deficit. This paper argues that the motivation for this policy can be captured by the discretionary regime, where the policymaker pays interest on reserves because he is concerned with the erosion of real liquidity by inflation, which is in part beyond his control. However, this policy is an unlikely outcome in the commitment regime, where the policymaker is in full control of inflation.     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

Neurally reconstructing expected utility

While the concept of “expected utility” informs many theories of decision making, little is known about whether and how the human brain might compute this quantity. This article reviews a series of functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) experiments designed to localize brain regions that respond in anticipation of increasing amounts of monetary incentives. These studies collectively suggest that anticipation of increasing monetary gains activates a subcortical region of the ventral striatum in a magnitude-proportional manner. This ventral striatal activation is not evident during anticipation of losses. Actual gain outcomes instead activate a region of the mesial prefrontal cortex. During anticipation of gain, ventral striatal activation is accompanied by feelings characterized by increasing arousal and positive valence. These findings affirm the role of emotion in the anticipation of incentives, and may provide an initial step towards a neural reconstruction of expected utility.