基于WSR系统方法论的屋顶分布式光伏发电项目成本与收益分析

屋顶分布式光伏发电项目在投资决策前需进行项目可行性分析。光伏发电项目投资企业要认真研究国家光伏发电产业政策,对项目现场光资源情况和光伏发电并网条件进行勘察,确定并网电压和并网点,对屋顶载荷能力进行勘测校验。预测光伏发电项目年发电量,计算寿命周期内的发电收益、建设成本。编制项目建议书和可行性研究报告,进行项目收益分析,论证项目的可行性。     

家用光伏发电政策认知与需求的调查研究

本文重点考察了上海地区居民对光伏发电及相关政策的认知程度和真实的政策需求,旨在构建引导居民投资光伏发电的激励机制。通过调查发现,光伏发电政策推广的渠道较为单一,居民对光伏发电了解程度较低,对光伏发电的投资需求较弱。为激励居民投资和使用光伏发电,未来的光伏发电政策应考虑如何降低居民的前期投入成本、缩短成本回收期限,并做好配套服务。     

农户分布式光伏发电项目投资风险管理浅析

近两年,在政策鼓励和成本下降的双轮驱动下,我国的光伏发电项目飞速发展,分布式光伏发电项目更是迎来了爆发式的发展.我国拥有丰富的农户屋顶资源,农村户用分布式光伏发电项目正受到越来越多企业的青睐.根据农户分布式光伏发电项目的特点,结合全面风险管理理论基础,探讨农户分布式光伏项目投资风险管理解决方案,对于农户分布式光伏发电项目的健康有序发展有着重要的现实意义.     

中国分资源区光伏发电上网电价研究

本文针对《关于完善光伏发电价格政策》征求意见稿发布以后学界和业界的争议,运用动态投资回收期法计算不同太阳能资源区上网电价,将《关于完善光伏发电价格政策》征求意见稿投资回收期与金太阳工程示范项目投资回收期进行对比,认为新的上网电价政策并不会延长项目投资回收期,但是部分地区上网电价仍有待提高的结论.     

光伏发电项目风险评价研究

一、引言
　　我国处于经济发展的上升阶段,能源需求不断增长与常规能源匮乏成为了严重阻碍了我国经济持续发展的重要矛盾。为此,加速推进可再生能源的开发和利用成为了缓解我国能源供需矛盾,促进能源利用结构优化升级,保证我国经济社会科学发展的重要举措。根据国家制定的新能源发展振兴计划（讨论稿）,至2020年我国光伏装机容量将达到20Gwp。预计今后10年内,光伏发电的年平均新增装机将达到2GWp。在今后10年,我国光伏发电将会迎来黄金发展时期。2009年财政部、住房和城乡建设部联合下发了《关于加快推进太阳能光电建筑应用的实施意见》(下简称《实施意见》),《实施意见》要求对光伏建筑项目给予政策支持。2011年3月发布的我国国民经济和社会发展十二五规划纲要指出,要“推动重点领域跨越式发展”。光伏发电是我国“十二五”期间重点发展领域。虽然光伏建筑项目有清洁、环境效益好,可再生、永不枯竭,基建周期短,装机规模灵活等众多优点。但是,我们也必须清楚的认识到,我国现阶段的光伏建筑开发技术与发达国家相比还存在很大差距,在开发过程中将会遇到诸多风险。本研究将以国际光伏产业市场及发展趋势为背景,通过对产业结构相关理论的梳理,结合投资风险及决策研究,旨在对过去几年太阳能光伏产业的投资及发展方式进行反思。     

光伏发电的现状及未来发展趋势分析

能源是社会生产力的重要基础,随着社会生产力的不断发展和技术的不断进步,以及伴随着化石能源因日益枯竭而不断涨价,太阳能作为一种高效的可再生能源得到了广泛的重视和利用.本文从太阳能技术、市场前景等方面综述了光伏发电产业的利用现状,针对我国具体市场环境和对未来的光伏发电市场对我国的光伏发电前景进行展望,为我国未来光伏发电市场的有序开发和行业发展提供借鉴     

温泉县招商引资成效显著

近日，在第十七届中国东西部合作与投资贸易洽谈会上，温泉县签约项目3个，签约金额6．15亿元，分别是与丰华能源投资集团有限公司签订投资3亿元30MWp并网光伏发电项目、温泉县国信阳光发电有限公司签订投资3亿元30MWp并网光伏发电项目、湖北清江肉联有限公司签订投资1500万元牛羊肉精深加工项目，实现了历年参加“西洽会”项目签约之最。     

分布式发电可以“上网”了

史立山：需改革电力管理体制 分布式光伏发电的应用,应该由用户自行建设或与相关投资者合作,利用建筑物顶部或附近空闲土地安装小型光伏系统,所发电量主要满足用户自身用电需要,多余电量上网,并与电网进行电力交换,由电网提供备用服务。应鼓励用户积极建设分布式光伏发电系统,营造千家万户安装和使用光伏发电系统的政策和市场环境,     

中国城市分布式光伏发电经济性与区域利用研究

以中国331个城市为研究对象,利用PVsyst软件评估各城市的光伏发电能力,运用生命周期理论、成本效益分析、情景分析等方法,将光伏生命周期分为投资回收阶段与净获利阶段,构建分布式光伏经济性分析模型,并设定基于政策与技术引导的比较情景,评估分析在无补贴时,各情景下各城市的光伏经济性,并分析比较光伏的区域性利用差异。结果表明:①在基准情景下,105个城市的光伏投资回收期在13年以内,其获利指数在1.3～2.1;在政策支持情景下,201个城市的光伏投资回收期在13年以内,其获利指数在1.3～2.3;在技术发展情景下,259个城市的光伏投资回收期在13年以内,其获利指数在1.3～2.5。②利好的金融政策、电价政策与技术发展能够有效提高光伏经济性。电价增长率每提高1%,光伏发电收益增加5.25%;光伏贷款利率每降低1%,融资成本减少6.67%,光伏发电成本减少3.22%;光伏系统建设成本每降低1%,光伏发电成本减少1%。③由于资源禀赋及经济条件的不同,光伏经济性存在明显的地域性差异,按照光伏经济性差异将全国地区分为4个等级,进而有的放矢地发展分布式光伏。     

基于多属性决策的投资项目经济研究

本文简单介绍多属性决策投资项目经济评价的概论,重点构建多属性决策评价指标体系,为投资项目进行决策提供体系支持.     

Pleasure and belief in Hume's Decision Process

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to introduce explicitly pleasure and belief in what aims at being a Humean theory of decision, like the one developed in Diaye and Lapidus (2005a). Although we support the idea that Hume was in some way a hedonist – evidently different from Bentham's or Jevons' way – we lay emphasis less on continuity than on the specific kind of hedonism encountered in Hume's writings (chiefly the Treatise, the second Enquiry, the Dissertation, or some of his Essays). Such hedonism clearly contrasts to its standard modern inheritance, expressed by the relation between preferences and utility.

The reason for such a difference with the usual approach lies in the mental process that Hume puts to the fore in order to explain the way pleasure determines desires and volition. Whereas pleasure is primarily, in Hume's words, an impression of sensation, it takes place in the birth of passions as reflecting an idea of pleasure, whose “force and vivacity” is precisely a “belief”, transferred to the direct passions of desire or volition that come immediately before action. As a result, from a Humean point of view, “belief” deals with decision under risk or uncertainty, as well as with intertemporal decision and indiscrimination problems.

The latter are explored within a formal framework, and it is shown that the relation of pleasure is transformed by belief into a non-empty class of relations of desire, among which at least one is a preorder.     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

Solidified Branding Function: How the Urban Brand Affects a Small Town’s Development? Case Study of Wangqingtuo,Tianjin, China

Chinese small towns are usually developed with single core industry,and the urban brand is the identity of a town that formed with the development of its indust...     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...     

Globalization,Neoliberalism and the attack on social security

Neoliberal political movements advocate privatization of public pension systems. Globalization imposes pressure on nations to conform to neoliberal policy views with respect to the design and structure of social insurance, including public pension systems. The paper begins with an investigation of the economic, ethical and ideological dimensions of the privatization debates in the U.S.; it argues that privatization advocates may be largely moved by ideology, since the other reasons advanced appear weak or unfounded. The second part discusses the history of Social Security, the purposes for its creation, and some of its economic effects. Differences between public and private pension systems are considered. A brief international comparison of some aspects of public pension system finance and benefit structures is presented. The final section considers the ethical, macroeconomic and distributional implications of privatization, prefunding and payroll tax funding, and argues for a pay as you go system financed with income taxes. In order to promote equity, economic security, community, and social cohesion, public pension systems should be universal in coverage. In order to reduce the inequality, income insecurity, and aged poverty generated by market economies, public pension systems ought to be progressive: benefit/contribution ratios should be inversely proportional to income, and progressive income taxes should finance the system. To promote economic growth, the systems should be financed on a pay-as-you-go basis, and should not be prefunded except for an emergency reserve. The fiscal policy recommendations partially depend upon the theory developed by Abba Lerner in the 1940s, and recently advanced by Wynne Godley and Randy Wray: Lerner's “principle of functional finance.”     

Perspective on the Economic Evolution of the European Union States Under the Impact of the Pandemic and Financial-Economic Crisis

The European Union,which is at the beginning of its term of office for all Member States in the European Parliament,the European Commission,its governing body a...     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Neurally reconstructing expected utility

While the concept of “expected utility” informs many theories of decision making, little is known about whether and how the human brain might compute this quantity. This article reviews a series of functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) experiments designed to localize brain regions that respond in anticipation of increasing amounts of monetary incentives. These studies collectively suggest that anticipation of increasing monetary gains activates a subcortical region of the ventral striatum in a magnitude-proportional manner. This ventral striatal activation is not evident during anticipation of losses. Actual gain outcomes instead activate a region of the mesial prefrontal cortex. During anticipation of gain, ventral striatal activation is accompanied by feelings characterized by increasing arousal and positive valence. These findings affirm the role of emotion in the anticipation of incentives, and may provide an initial step towards a neural reconstruction of expected utility.