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正始于上世纪80年代的户籍制度改革的进展一直较为缓慢,虽然户籍制度对于人口流动的限制趋于弱化,但附着于户籍制度上的福利分配功能仍然固化。依据户籍提供公共服务源于地方政府所面临的激励,一方面以较高的户籍价值吸引高禀赋人口流入,可以促进经济增长进而实现财政增收的目的;另一方面以户籍制度作为身份甄别机制将本地非户籍人口排除在享受特定公共服务的范围之外,以尽量压 相似文献
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法国是典型的高福利国家,法国人的福利涵盖了许多方面。孩子还没有出生,怀孕生育期的妇女就开始享受带薪产假、免费生育等待遇,孩子父亲也可以享受优待;等孩子开始上幼儿园大学(如进入国立学校),学费全免;如果参加过工作,并交纳过福利金的,失业后都可享同等失业金待遇;如果工作时间较长,在开始几年还可享受百分之百的员工制失业金待遇,同样也可享受退休金待遇;即便是没有工作,只要有法国居留证,国家还每月补贴200多欧元作为基本的生活收入。 相似文献
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浅析经济适用房的价格管制及政策效率 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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我国1998年实行房改停止了福利分房,伴着经济适用房的出台,房地产市场得以充分激活并迅猛发展,使房改后参加工作及以前未取得福利房的职工,还有城镇化后的广大务工人员,享受住房保障制度的待遇.…… 相似文献
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在城镇各类企业用人单位中就。业的非城镇户籍的职工,即所谓的农民工,应当享受与城镇户籍职工同等的工资、福利和社会保障待遇。这是《劳动法》赋予他们的权利,也是城镇各类企业用人单位应尽的责任。目前,由于农民工就业不稳定、流动性大、劳动关系变更频繁、工资收入偏低负担不起个人缴费,以及现行养老保险政策中存在的弊端损害了农民工的切身利益等方面原因,影响了农民工参加养老保险的积极性。同时,由于目前养老保险统筹层次低,导致农民工基本养老保险关系转移、接续难,影响农民工享受待遇,形成了参保农民工的“退保潮”。 相似文献
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Jordi Jofre-Monseny Pilar Sorribas-Navarro Javier Vázquez-Grenno 《International Tax and Public Finance》2016,23(6):1004-1029
The aim of this paper is to analyze the relationship between immigration and redistributive public spending by using the recent, massive arrival of immigrants in Spain. Specifically, we focus our analysis on the effect of 1998–2006 changes in local immigrant density on contemporaneous changes in municipal spending in social services. To address the potential endogenous location of immigrants, we adopt an instrumental variables approach that uses the distribution of rental housing in 1991 to predict the location of immigrant inflows. The results indicate that (per capita) social spending increased less in those municipalities that recorded the largest increases in immigrant density. We interpret our results as a reduction in natives’ demand for redistributive public spending. 相似文献
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居民慈善认知水平的高低反映一个国家的慈善发展水平。本文以辽宁省14个市的居民慈善认知现状调查为例,通过了解居民对慈善行为内容的认知、对慈善作用的认知状况,分析慈善认知对居民具体慈善行为的影响,进而有针对性提出提高居民慈善认知水平的对策建议。 相似文献
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农村社会保障支出对农村居民消费的影响的实证研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
从社会保障对居民消费影响机制的微观基础出发,运用协整分析并建立向量误差修正模型对我国农村社会保障支出的消费效应进行了实证研究.结果表明,我国农村社会保障支出没有对农村居民消费支出产生促进作用.因此,应加快农村社会保障制度的改革,促进农村居民消费,拉动内需. 相似文献
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对个人住房开征物业税的几个判断及效应预测 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对个人住房开征物业税是关乎国计民生的大事。本文认为,开征物业税之前需要进一步理顺中央与地方的财政关系;开征后的物业税收入要用于满足地方公共财政支出的需要;物业税开征后的征管质量取决于对个人住房信息的掌握和政府各部门间的横向合作。物业税开征与地区房地产价格弱相关,与全国房地产价格无关;与股市题材炒作相关,与资本市场发育无关;与当地居民收入和福利相关,与辖区外居民效用无关。 相似文献
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我国居民消费财富效应的实证研究 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
基于1998年1月至2007年10月的我国居民消费、股票市场和房地产市场有关数据,运用协整方程、误差修正模型和Granger因果检验方法,对我国居民消费的财富效应进行了实证研究.实证分析表明,我国不存在股票市场的财富效应,通过股票市场刺激消费的政策无效;我国存在房地产市场的财富效应,长期房地产市场发展与居民消费有协同趋势,短期内房地产市场发展抑制居民消费支出. 相似文献
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While a significant body of literature exists on local government efficiency, much less is known about its effectiveness, especially financial performance and resident satisfaction. To address this gap in the empirical literature, the present paper uses system‐wide official annual data on resident satisfaction in the Victorian state local government system in Australia to investigate the relationship between annual net operating results and overall citizen satisfaction. In addition, in order to garner a deeper understanding of this relationship, we evaluated the assumption in the ‘near‐to‐zero balance’ public accounting literature that local residents prefer an insignificant annual balance in operating performance compared to substantial annual losses or surpluses. We found that there is a significant negative association between overall satisfaction and its components and financial performance for Victorian local government as a whole. However, this association is largely restricted to rural councils with surpluses. By contrast, we find no relationship between satisfaction and near‐to‐zero balances. We conclude by considering the implications of our findings for both the public accounting literature and local government policymaking. 相似文献
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Catherine M. Farrell 《公共资金与管理》2000,20(1):31-37
The existence of an effective means of citizen participation within public service decision-making forums will be one of the biggest challenges for public mangers in 2010. The establishment of systems which bring citizen representatives into the polity can provide unique opportunities for citizen inputs-one such system is the school governing body, made up of citizen, professional and political representatives. This article reports on an investigation into citizen participation within the governance of schools. It finds that while governing bodies provide the opportunity for citizen participation, citizens are not actively involved in school governance. A number of measures are recommended which may assist in enhancing the citizen governance role. 相似文献
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Welsh policy-makers have rejected customer-driven market approaches to the delivery of public services. Instead they espouse a model of delivery rooted in collaboration and citizen engagement. Empirical evidence from two recent wide-ranging reviews of public services in Wales suggests that this approach could offer a viable alternative to user choice and competition but, for it to be fully effective, central and local government need to embrace other drivers of improvement. 相似文献