试论合作博弈下的虚拟企业财权配置

虚拟企业是适应市场需求多元化的动态策略联盟,是信息充分条件下的合作傅弈。因此虚拟企业合作机制的设计和实施尤显重要,财权配置即为其中主要环节。本文依据合作博弈思想,构建了由核心企业主导战略并协调成员财务关系的高度分权的虚拟企业财权配置结构。     

虚拟企业合作伙伴变更的利润分配研究

虚拟企业被认为是21世纪最有前途的企业组织模式,而合理的利润分配是虚拟企业合作各方绩效得以发挥的重要保证。利用委托代理理论对虚拟企业中合作伙伴发生变更后的利润分配进行了讨论,建立了合作伙伴利润分配的博弈模型,分析了各影响因素对利润分配系数的作用。     

企业控制权演变与财权配置

企业的财权配置是企业所有权的核心内容。从最初的业主制企业到现代的股份公司，财权配置主要是企业内部各利益主体(如股东、经营等)之间的权力分配和合约安排。随着企业控制权的演变及“利益相关理论”的兴起，企业的财权配置应不仅仅是股东和经营的企业内部财权配置，而应扩展到包括外部利益相关在内的外部财权配置，以及为保证利益相关财权配置实现的相机治理机制。     

基于虚拟企业冲突的协同管理研究

虚拟企业是一种涉及多个主体之间资源共享、建立资信认证体系、注重信任机制形成而建立的动态联盟体。但这种联盟是基于博弈理念上的暂时合作。因而,在其合作过程中,由于文化差异、知识表示差异、利益分配不公、资源使用冲突及知识共享中的安全性问题等,冲突是不可避免的。基于此,文章对虚拟企业中的协同管理进行了研究,并构造了协同管理体系。     

企业财权配置影响因素探析

财权配置作为财务治理的核心,是当前财务理论界研究的一个热点问题,对财权配置的研究具有重要理论价值与现实意义.合理地配置企业财权,对于提高企业财务决策效率,促进企业持续发展有着十分重要的作用.本文基于财权配置的基本理论,从内部和外部两个方面对财权配置的影响因素加以分析.     

公司财务治理权的理念和配置分析

财务治理作为一个公司财权的配置体制，需要在正确的理念指导下，对财务决策权、财务执行权、财务监督权三个方面在公司内部与外部进行合理配置。财务治理应坚持财权制衡、激励约束和利益兼容理念，作好公司财权的配置。     

中国虚拟企业的发展何以困难

由于当前中国社会的信任度普遍较低，虚拟企业想要寻找一个具有互补性核心能力，而又值得信任的潜在合作伙伴，实际上是困难重重的事情。在这种情况下，以合作为灵魂，以通力合作与否为成败关键的虚拟企业在中国的发展显得举步维艰。如果传统实体企业的信任与合作水平不能有效提高。虚拟企业的信任、合作和发展更是无从谈起。     

论公司财务治理核心--财权的配置

财务治理是公司法人治理的重要内容,财权配置是财务治理的核心,是公司有效培育与配置财务资源的关键。本文阐述了财权的内容构成,在此基础上,从静态和动态两方面提出了公司财权配置的一般机制。     

公司财权:基础、配置与转移

财权及其配置问题是理解和研究公司财务时绕不开的话题.对公司财权问题的研究,应当以资源为主线展开.财权是公司法人权的重要组成部分.历史地看,公司财权的来源已从股东的资本向利益相关者的资源扩展,因此公司财权的配置也应当以资源为基础展开.随着公司环境和资源结构的变迁,公司财权配置的结构也在不断转移,这为我们认识和理解公司财权结构的调整提供了理论依据.     

虚拟企业的信任关系治理机制——基于演化博弈论的研究

伴随着网络经济的发展,虚拟企业应运而生,作为一种组织间协调机制,虚拟企业的治理问题引起了学界的关注,而信任作为虚拟企业的基石可以成为一个良好的切入点.本文首先在虚拟企业概念界定的基础上,提出机会主义行为和治理结构缺失是虚拟企业治理的主要困境,并以企业网络理论作为分析视角探讨了虚拟企业中嵌入性的信任存在,阐明了虚拟企业信任关系的演进路径.然后采用演化博弈理论中经典的囚徒困境博弈模型对虚拟企业中的外部约束机制对虚拟企业成员之间的积极合作与信任的影响进行了矩阵分析.论文最后在上述分析研究的基础上,提出了虚拟企业治理应采用内外治理相结合的信任治理体系,希望能对我国的虚拟企业治理提供良好的建议.     

Pleasure and belief in Hume's Decision Process

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to introduce explicitly pleasure and belief in what aims at being a Humean theory of decision, like the one developed in Diaye and Lapidus (2005a). Although we support the idea that Hume was in some way a hedonist – evidently different from Bentham's or Jevons' way – we lay emphasis less on continuity than on the specific kind of hedonism encountered in Hume's writings (chiefly the Treatise, the second Enquiry, the Dissertation, or some of his Essays). Such hedonism clearly contrasts to its standard modern inheritance, expressed by the relation between preferences and utility.

The reason for such a difference with the usual approach lies in the mental process that Hume puts to the fore in order to explain the way pleasure determines desires and volition. Whereas pleasure is primarily, in Hume's words, an impression of sensation, it takes place in the birth of passions as reflecting an idea of pleasure, whose “force and vivacity” is precisely a “belief”, transferred to the direct passions of desire or volition that come immediately before action. As a result, from a Humean point of view, “belief” deals with decision under risk or uncertainty, as well as with intertemporal decision and indiscrimination problems.

The latter are explored within a formal framework, and it is shown that the relation of pleasure is transformed by belief into a non-empty class of relations of desire, among which at least one is a preorder.     

Globalization,Neoliberalism and the attack on social security

Neoliberal political movements advocate privatization of public pension systems. Globalization imposes pressure on nations to conform to neoliberal policy views with respect to the design and structure of social insurance, including public pension systems. The paper begins with an investigation of the economic, ethical and ideological dimensions of the privatization debates in the U.S.; it argues that privatization advocates may be largely moved by ideology, since the other reasons advanced appear weak or unfounded. The second part discusses the history of Social Security, the purposes for its creation, and some of its economic effects. Differences between public and private pension systems are considered. A brief international comparison of some aspects of public pension system finance and benefit structures is presented. The final section considers the ethical, macroeconomic and distributional implications of privatization, prefunding and payroll tax funding, and argues for a pay as you go system financed with income taxes. In order to promote equity, economic security, community, and social cohesion, public pension systems should be universal in coverage. In order to reduce the inequality, income insecurity, and aged poverty generated by market economies, public pension systems ought to be progressive: benefit/contribution ratios should be inversely proportional to income, and progressive income taxes should finance the system. To promote economic growth, the systems should be financed on a pay-as-you-go basis, and should not be prefunded except for an emergency reserve. The fiscal policy recommendations partially depend upon the theory developed by Abba Lerner in the 1940s, and recently advanced by Wynne Godley and Randy Wray: Lerner's “principle of functional finance.”     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

Solidified Branding Function: How the Urban Brand Affects a Small Town’s Development? Case Study of Wangqingtuo,Tianjin, China

Chinese small towns are usually developed with single core industry,and the urban brand is the identity of a town that formed with the development of its indust...     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...     

Perspective on the Economic Evolution of the European Union States Under the Impact of the Pandemic and Financial-Economic Crisis

The European Union,which is at the beginning of its term of office for all Member States in the European Parliament,the European Commission,its governing body a...     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Interest on reserves and inflation

The payment of interest on reserves has been a common practice in inflationary economies. This policy may seem paradoxical since it involves returning part of the seigniorage, generated by the inflation process, with the intention to finance the fiscal deficit. This paper argues that the motivation for this policy can be captured by the discretionary regime, where the policymaker pays interest on reserves because he is concerned with the erosion of real liquidity by inflation, which is in part beyond his control. However, this policy is an unlikely outcome in the commitment regime, where the policymaker is in full control of inflation.     

Neurally reconstructing expected utility

While the concept of “expected utility” informs many theories of decision making, little is known about whether and how the human brain might compute this quantity. This article reviews a series of functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) experiments designed to localize brain regions that respond in anticipation of increasing amounts of monetary incentives. These studies collectively suggest that anticipation of increasing monetary gains activates a subcortical region of the ventral striatum in a magnitude-proportional manner. This ventral striatal activation is not evident during anticipation of losses. Actual gain outcomes instead activate a region of the mesial prefrontal cortex. During anticipation of gain, ventral striatal activation is accompanied by feelings characterized by increasing arousal and positive valence. These findings affirm the role of emotion in the anticipation of incentives, and may provide an initial step towards a neural reconstruction of expected utility.