企业发展循环经济的行为分析模型研究

文章在概述发展循环经济对企业要求的基础上,讨论了企业发展循环经济的主要行为及其驱动因素,并由此建立分析框架:在经典的"结构-行为-绩效(SCP)"范式基础上,借鉴了"压力-状态-响应(PSR)"模型的外部驱动机理,提出适宜于分析企业发展循环经济的"结构-驱动力-行为-绩效(SMOP)"模型.可用于分析与评价企业发展循环经济的驱动力、行为及相应绩效,为政策研究提供系统的分析工具.     

制度情境复杂性与企业战略逻辑形成机制 ——基于辽宁孔雀表业有限公司的案例研究

战略逻辑决定了一个企业的行为范式,制度情境已然成为战略逻辑形成的重要依据.在复杂的制度情境下,企业如何平衡这些多元化的、甚至可能相互冲突的制度并建立起不同的战略逻辑成为企业生存和发展的关键,这亦是制度与组织研究领域新兴的热点.本文以辽宁孔雀表业有限公司为案例研究对象,分析制度情境复杂性对企业战略逻辑形成的影响过程和机制.基于探索性纵向案例分析发现,制度复杂性是时间维度与内容维度的融合,企业战略逻辑的形成是一个动态演化过程,且企业响应在制度情境与战略逻辑关系中起传导作用.本文的研究揭示了企业在制度情境下战略逻辑形成的过程和机制,为我国企业响应制度情境并形成战略逻辑提供了参考依据.     

中国上市公司并购市场研究领域制度一行为一绩效范式的构建及分析

本文在对市场结构一市场行为一市场绩效的研究范式涵义及演进分析的基础上，重最研究了该范式的适应范围，构建了我国并购研究领域的制度一行为一绩效逻辑分析框架，并进行了探索。     

中国电力产业的产业组织学分析

电力产业是国民经济的重要基础能源产业,对促进国民经济发展和社会进步起重要的作用。传统产业组织理论的SCP分析范式(即结构一行为一绩效分析)的根本要义是强调市场结构决定企业行为,进而在给定的市场结构中企业行为又决定市场绩效。我国的电力产业具有国有企业为主、较强的各级政府垄断和行政管制等特点,所以产权结构变化和规制体制的有效性也是影响市场绩效的重要结构性因素。本文基于传统SCP分析范式,结合对电力产业产权结构和规制体制的分析,解读我国电力产业的现状。     

企业技术创新系统的SFCP范式研究

产业经济学中的SCP范式是产业组织应用问题研究的经典范式和规范分析框架。通过借鉴该范式的理论框架来分析企业技术创新体系,进而提出"结构(Structure)—功能(Function)—行为(Conduct)—绩效(Performance)"范式,并在研究SFCP范式相关原理的基础上,通过对我国汽车制造企业——上汽通用五菱进行的实证分析,验证了该范式在企业技术创新系统中的理论价值和应用空间。     

制度与社会创业:基于文献的整合框架

社会创业是深嵌于制度情境中的独特创业活动,二者之间的复杂关联是当前社会创业研究的焦点。已有文献对这一问题的探索不仅主题零散,也缺乏一个整合性研究框架。本文运用系统文献综述法对过去30年管理学和创业学主流学术期刊文献进行梳理,概括了四个主要研究议题,即制度对社会创业选择、过程和绩效的影响以及社会创业对制度变革的促进。在此基础上,整合创业研究的“情境-行为-结果”和“情境-思维-行为”两种研究范式,提出了制度与社会创业双向互动的“制度-认知-行为-结果”(简称ICBO)的跨层次分析框架。最后,基于中国情景的历史特征与数字化新兴实践提出了未来研究展望和建议。本文研究有助于深化对社会创业制度成因的认识,也有助于推动合意性的社会创业政策制定。     

基于SSP范式的环境影响评价有效性研究

引入美国密歇根州立大学教授阿兰·斯密德开创的状态-结构-绩效(SSP)范式来分析我国环境影响评价制度的执行绩效.通过对该制度成本和收益的比较得出:环境影响评价制度的设计所带来的绩效更倾向于占社会总体一少部分的政府与建设单位,占社会总体绝大多数的公众的环境权益得到的是形式的而非实质的保证,最终导致制度设计与制度目标的背离.     

我国电力产业扩展的产业组织分析

传统产业组织理论认为,市场结构是影响产业绩效的关键因素.对于电力产业而言,产权结构和规制制度也是影响产业绩效的根本因素.因此,电力产业的市场结构(S)、产权结构(P)、规制制度(R)-企业行为(C)-经济绩效(P)的扩展产业组织分析比传统的SCP分析具有更强的解释力.从20世纪80年代起我国对电力产业就进行了规制改革,但其资源配置效率、价格水平、价格结构、企业内部效率都存在不足.规制改革绩效不明显的根本原因在于区域垄断和厂网未完全分开的市场结构、国有制主导的产权结构和尚不规范的规制制度.     

企业成长理论的拓展模型:动态“能力-战略-绩效”范式

文章系统剖析了传统企业内生性成长模型,企业成长理论的修正模型即环境-战略-绩效范式的主张和缺陷,在此基础上提出能够系统糅合这两种模式特点的是"能力-战略-绩效"新范式,并阐释了其理论主张、运作机理以及如何应用到企业的实践中。     

政府干预对企业经营行为影响的研究述评

作为对外部市场竞争和企业内部资源能力理论的有益补充,战略的制度基础观成为研究新兴经济体中企业战略行为的关键理论基础。从战略制度观的视角,以政府干预为切入点,以文献述评的方式对近年来国内外关于政府干预对企业经营行为影响的研究成果从三方面进行了回顾和总结:首先梳理了政府干预相关理论,包括政府干预的内涵、政府干预的类型、政府干预的度量、政府干预与企业性质的关系、政府干预的动因以及政府干预的影响因素;其次,总结了政府干预对企业经营行为影响的相关研究,包括政府干预对企业技术创新方式、R&D行为、投资行为、多元化经营及并购行为的影响;最后,回顾了政府干预与企业绩效的关系方面的相关研究。以期对解决战略理论的本土化问题、解释制度与企业的相互作用关系、探讨制度对企业战略和行为的影响机制等方面的研究提供依据和参考。     

Pleasure and belief in Hume's Decision Process

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to introduce explicitly pleasure and belief in what aims at being a Humean theory of decision, like the one developed in Diaye and Lapidus (2005a). Although we support the idea that Hume was in some way a hedonist – evidently different from Bentham's or Jevons' way – we lay emphasis less on continuity than on the specific kind of hedonism encountered in Hume's writings (chiefly the Treatise, the second Enquiry, the Dissertation, or some of his Essays). Such hedonism clearly contrasts to its standard modern inheritance, expressed by the relation between preferences and utility.

The reason for such a difference with the usual approach lies in the mental process that Hume puts to the fore in order to explain the way pleasure determines desires and volition. Whereas pleasure is primarily, in Hume's words, an impression of sensation, it takes place in the birth of passions as reflecting an idea of pleasure, whose “force and vivacity” is precisely a “belief”, transferred to the direct passions of desire or volition that come immediately before action. As a result, from a Humean point of view, “belief” deals with decision under risk or uncertainty, as well as with intertemporal decision and indiscrimination problems.

The latter are explored within a formal framework, and it is shown that the relation of pleasure is transformed by belief into a non-empty class of relations of desire, among which at least one is a preorder.     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

Globalization,Neoliberalism and the attack on social security

Neoliberal political movements advocate privatization of public pension systems. Globalization imposes pressure on nations to conform to neoliberal policy views with respect to the design and structure of social insurance, including public pension systems. The paper begins with an investigation of the economic, ethical and ideological dimensions of the privatization debates in the U.S.; it argues that privatization advocates may be largely moved by ideology, since the other reasons advanced appear weak or unfounded. The second part discusses the history of Social Security, the purposes for its creation, and some of its economic effects. Differences between public and private pension systems are considered. A brief international comparison of some aspects of public pension system finance and benefit structures is presented. The final section considers the ethical, macroeconomic and distributional implications of privatization, prefunding and payroll tax funding, and argues for a pay as you go system financed with income taxes. In order to promote equity, economic security, community, and social cohesion, public pension systems should be universal in coverage. In order to reduce the inequality, income insecurity, and aged poverty generated by market economies, public pension systems ought to be progressive: benefit/contribution ratios should be inversely proportional to income, and progressive income taxes should finance the system. To promote economic growth, the systems should be financed on a pay-as-you-go basis, and should not be prefunded except for an emergency reserve. The fiscal policy recommendations partially depend upon the theory developed by Abba Lerner in the 1940s, and recently advanced by Wynne Godley and Randy Wray: Lerner's “principle of functional finance.”     

Solidified Branding Function: How the Urban Brand Affects a Small Town’s Development? Case Study of Wangqingtuo,Tianjin, China

Chinese small towns are usually developed with single core industry,and the urban brand is the identity of a town that formed with the development of its indust...     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...     

Perspective on the Economic Evolution of the European Union States Under the Impact of the Pandemic and Financial-Economic Crisis

The European Union,which is at the beginning of its term of office for all Member States in the European Parliament,the European Commission,its governing body a...     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Neurally reconstructing expected utility

While the concept of “expected utility” informs many theories of decision making, little is known about whether and how the human brain might compute this quantity. This article reviews a series of functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) experiments designed to localize brain regions that respond in anticipation of increasing amounts of monetary incentives. These studies collectively suggest that anticipation of increasing monetary gains activates a subcortical region of the ventral striatum in a magnitude-proportional manner. This ventral striatal activation is not evident during anticipation of losses. Actual gain outcomes instead activate a region of the mesial prefrontal cortex. During anticipation of gain, ventral striatal activation is accompanied by feelings characterized by increasing arousal and positive valence. These findings affirm the role of emotion in the anticipation of incentives, and may provide an initial step towards a neural reconstruction of expected utility.