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通过文献的理论分析,对比长江中游四市和湖南省内部分城市,采用GDP、财政收入、进出口额、外贸依存度、利用外资等指标,从5个年份进行横向、纵向多维度比较综合分析,选取岳阳市进行案例实证研究。研究认为,岳阳开放发展既有综合区位优越、资源禀赋独特、支撑平台完备的基础和优势,也有产业层次不高、项目拉动不强、发展环境欠优等差距和短板,必须进一步解放思想,抢抓机遇,补齐短板。在此基础上,从扩大开放,培育重点产业发展;真诚招商,壮大开放发展主体;创新载体,做实开放发展平台;创新体制,构建开放运行机制;提升效能,优化开放发展环境等五个方面,针对性地提出了岳阳开放崛起的具体路径和策略。 相似文献
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自从辽宁沿海经济带作为整体开发区域被纳入国家战略以来,诸多学者对这一区域的发展进行广泛关注。产业的创新能力决定了区域的竞争力,政府作为区域创新体系的主要主体,通过制定创新政策和科技经费投入来影响区域的创新能力及经济发展水平。本文利用索洛余值法对辽宁沿海经济带6个城市2004~2014年的面板数据进行分析和测算,得出了沿海经济带6个城市政府科技投入的产出弹性和经济共享,并进行横向比较,为政府的科技经费管理提供科学依据。 相似文献
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从科技创新驱动支撑、科技创新驱动资源、科技创新驱动产出、科技创新驱动效益四个方面构建区域科技创新能力的系统评价体系,运用可拓综合评价方法以及主客观赋权方法对福州市科技创新驱动能力进行综合评价,不仅分析了福州市在2010年至2015年科技发展的优势与不足,并以2014年为横截面对福州市的科技创新能力在福建省内做横向比较,相对应提出福州市科技创新能力的发展思路. 相似文献
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以东京、巴塞罗那和曼彻斯特三个典型的创新型城市为对象,从环境条件(可视层)、制度行为(制度层)和价值理念(精神层)三个层面对其城市创新文化建设进行了比较分析。得出对我国创新型城市创新文化建设的启示:从传统文化中汲取养分,倡导创新观念、营造创新氛围;规划文化发展,整合创新资源,培养、引进各类优秀人才;完善创新机制,激发创新活力。 相似文献
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洪银兴 《经济理论与经济管理》2016,36(9):5
基于科技创新与产业创新的关系以及两者脱节的现状,有必要提出并强化产业化创新的概念。产业化创新介于科技创新和产业创新之间,是两者的桥梁。产业化创新不只是一个概念,更是一种机制,是一种合力。产业化创新有两种方式:产学研协同创新和科技创业。产学研协同创新的内涵,不是企业、大学和研究机构之间的机构意义的协同,而是产业发展、新技术、新产业人才的培养和研发新技术的功能协同。激励产业化创新的机制不只是激励创新,还要激励协同。科技创业是越过了孵化和研发新技术阶段,通过创办企业的方式进行产业化。科技创业的资本是以科技创新成果体现的知识资本、以创业家体现的人力资本和以风险投资体现的物质资本的集合。知识资本和人力资本对创业起着决定性作用,尽管物质资本不可或缺。创新成果产业化涉及两个方面:一是采用新技术的产业迅速达到规模;二是充分实现新技术的潜在价值。这两个方面都依赖于有效的商业模式创新。 相似文献
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张于喆 《经济理论与经济管理》2014,34(8):5
本文从创新资源、创新模式、创新主体、创新方向等方面进行分析,提出了可以有效理解、引导、评估中国特色自主创新道路的一般性分析框架。研究结果表明,选择创新资源配置的重点,必须遵从“两力原则”,即“有能力、有潜力”;创新模式的确定主要根据技术梯度和技术地位特征进行分解;大学-产业-政府三螺旋相互作用成为创新系统运行的核心。本文还从比较优势、定位原则等方面对技术推动还是需求拉动、产品创新还是工艺创新、大企业创新还是小企业创新、颠覆性创新还是渐进性创新、传统产业创新还是新兴产业创新、劳动节约型技术进步还是资本节约型技术进步等六个问题进行了回答。 相似文献
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Frank R. Lichtenberg 《Economics of Innovation and New Technology》2013,22(6):403-417
Importation of drugs into the US may soon become legal. Since prices of drugs are lower in most other countries than they are in the US, importation would result in a decline in US drug prices. The purpose of this paper is to assess the consequences of importation for new drug development. First, the author presents a simple theoretical model of drug development which suggests that the elasticity of innovation with respect to the expected price of drugs should be at least as great as the elasticity of innovation with respect to expected market size (disease incidence). Then, the cross-sectional relationship between pharmaceutical innovation and market size among a set of diseases (different types of cancer) exhibiting substantial exogenous variation in expected market size is examined. Two different measures of pharmaceutical innovation are analysed: the number of distinct chemotherapy regimens for treating a cancer site and the number of articles published in scientific journals pertaining to drug therapy for that cancer site. Both analyses indicate that the amount of pharmaceutical innovation increases with disease incidence. The elasticity of the number of chemotherapy regimens with respect to the number of cases is 0.53. The elasticity of MEDLINE drug cites with respect to cancer incidence throughout the world is 0.60. In the long run, a 10% decline in drug prices would therefore be likely to cause at least a 5–6% decline in pharmaceutical innovation. Evidence suggests that pharmaceutical industry employment would also decline (by at least 3.5–4%) in response to an exogenous 10% decline in drug prices. 相似文献
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M. Quéré 《Economics of Innovation and New Technology》2013,22(1-2):137-152
Abstract This contribution intends to clarify for the current discussion about knowledge and its importance within economic systems. It relies on the complementary character of the economics of knowledge of Marshall and Hayek. One of them is useful to discuss opportunities and limits of the so-called resource-based theory of the firm in order to deal with the relationship between the governance of knowledge and firms' innovative behaviours; the other is useful to insist on the importance of knowledge channelled by and within market dynamics. As a consequence, their combination allows one to pave better grounds to current knowledge economic importance by exploring in-depth characteristics of knowledge, expressing the need to deal with the governance of technological knowledge, and promoting the localized and distributed characters of firms' innovative behaviours. This finally leads to promote an innovation-system approach based on that localized character of innovative behaviours of firms in order to depict proper use made by firms in matters of knowledge generation, use, dissemination, and trade. 相似文献
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AKIRA GOTO 《The Japanese Economic Review》2009,60(1):55-62
This paper discusses the issue of competition policy and innovation. First, a short review on the theoretical analysis of competition and innovation is provided, relying on the recent book by Aghion and Griffith (2005 ). Then, we examine how such innovation related issues as collaborative research, patent pool, merger in the technology intensive sector and bundling in the software industry are treated under Japan's Anti‐Monopoly Act. We contend that traditional competition policy framework is capable of dealing with innovation related issues but there are several points that should be kept in mind when competition policy deals with innovation related issues. 相似文献
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Although the attention of innovation studies has traditionally been focused on manufacturing, the differential features of innovation activities carried out by services are gaining more and more relevance in innovation research. The aim of this paper is to thoroughly analyse the data from the Spanish Innovation Survey 2000, the first large-scale innovation survey that included service activities in Spain, in order to identify the main patterns of innovation in Spanish services. The results of our investigations confirm that a high degree of heterogeneity, in relation to innovation patterns, exists among service firms and among service industries as well. Nevertheless, important similarities are found between pioneer classifications, such as the theoretical taxonomy of service industries by Soete and Miozzo (1989) or the classification of service firms elaborated by Hollenstein (2003), and the taxonomy we obtained by applying multivariate analysis. 相似文献
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比较创新体制与比较历史创新体制——开创比较经济学研究的新框架 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
贾根良 《经济理论与经济管理》2011,31(5):17-26
近十几年来,建基于新制度经济学和博弈论的广泛影响,比较制度分析和历史制度分析在比较经济学领域已经成为最有影响的分析范式,但它在处理技术创新、制度演化和结构变迁等诸多问题上却存在着固有的缺陷。为了克服这些缺陷,本文以演化经济学的研究纲领为基础,提出了比较创新体制和比较历史创新体制作为比较经济学研究新框架的构想,简要说明了它在基础理论上与比较制度分析和历史制度分析所存在的重大差别,论述了这种新框架的概念、体系内容和意义所在,综述了相关研究的最新进展,并讨论了比较创新体制和比较历史创新体制的重大前沿问题。本文认为,比较创新体制和比较历史创新体制是我国创新型国家建设不可或缺的研究工具,它为比较经济学的新发展提供了最有价值的新范式和新框架,比较经济学界不应该把其发展排除在视野之外。 相似文献