计算机网络安全技术与策略

随着计算机网络网络技术的发展和网络应用的迅速增长,人们对计算机网络安全也越来越重视,网络的系统的全性和可靠性开始成为世界各国政府、各行业关心的问题.网络安全不仅影响网络稳定运行和用户的正常使用,还有可能威胁到国家安全、造成重大的经济损失.本文对当前计算机网络存在的安全隐患进行了分析,并探讨了一些针对计算机网络安全隐患的防范策略.     

校园网络安全威胁及对策

随着计算机网络的发展，其应用得到广泛普及，计算机网络安全问题日益受到人们的关注。本文分析了校园网络安全存在的威胁，以及面对存在的问题而应采取的策略。     

县级供电企业计算机网络安全需求分析

简要介绍县级供电企业计算机网络的应用情况,分析了计算机应用中存在的网络安全问题,并提出实施网络安全的方案和策略,对防病毒软件、防火墙、网络入侵侦测系统、网站监控与恢复系统等网络安全产品提出了技术要求.     

基于策略优化的计算机网络管理技术探究

信息时代的到来,使得计算机网络进入千家万户,给人们的生活、工作带来了极大的便利.人们在享受互联网所带来的信息共享等便利条件时,一些潜在的网络安全问题也随之而来,给网络用户的个人隐私和财产安全造成了损失.在网络交互的大环境下,加强计算机网络管理势在必行,基于策略优化的计算机网络管理技术是通过几个重要部分对网络进行指导与管理,对于缓解当前互联网安全问题具有积极的帮助作用.     

计算机网络安全问题和对策探析

随着计算机科学技术的发展,计算机网络已广泛用于经济、军事、教育等各个领域.因此,计算机的网络安全便成为涉及个人、单位、社会、国家信息安全的重大问题.如何保障网络信息的安全已成为当前人们迫在眉睫需要解决的问题.阐述了计算机网络安全的基本内容,指出了计算机网络安全的突出问题,并提出了预防和杜绝网络安全问题的基本措施.     

网络安全问题解决策略的研究

本文阐述了网络安全的重要性及网络安全的现状。并给出了加强网络安全的策略：1.加强计算机网络技术：加强系统的物理安全管理、防火墙技术、运用访问控制策略、信息加密策略、设置网关策略等。2.规范网络安全管理、加强立法。     

浅谈局域网安全策略

随着计算机网络的不断发展和普及，计算机网络带来了无穷的资源，但随之而来的网络安全问题也显得尤为重要，为了确保信息的安全与畅通，加强网络安全防护已迫在眉睫。从网络安全的基本常识入手，初步探讨了网络安全防护方法和措施，并重点介绍了局域网安全防护的一些策略。     

UAC系统安全项目的研究与分析

本文从工程技术及业务管理两个角度分析了网络安全工程方法，介绍了网络技术、认证体系、网络资源终端接入和访问策略之问的相互关系，针对BOSS核心系统、地市BOSS网络及网络资源、访问策略等方面提出了网络安全解决方案。     

网络安全制度建设是技术防范的基础

进入网络信息社会后，网络安全问题一直伴随着电信网、互联网的发展。2006年世界电信日主题“让全球网络更安全”，说明网络安全问题进一步成为全世界关注的焦点。目前，关于网络安全问题人们从技术层面上探讨的较多，而从制度层面设置上探讨得较少。     

网络安全与我国的网络策略

在因特网日益向社会各个角落渗透的今天,提高因特网的防卫能力、保障网络安全已经成为当务之急,网络安全问题已成为信息时代必须心快加以解决的重大课题。结合当今与日俱增的网络新经济现象和日趋频繁的黑客攻击事件,通过对影响网络安全的因素以及攻击与安全类型的分析,提出加强我国网络安全的策略和建议。     

Pleasure and belief in Hume's Decision Process

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to introduce explicitly pleasure and belief in what aims at being a Humean theory of decision, like the one developed in Diaye and Lapidus (2005a). Although we support the idea that Hume was in some way a hedonist – evidently different from Bentham's or Jevons' way – we lay emphasis less on continuity than on the specific kind of hedonism encountered in Hume's writings (chiefly the Treatise, the second Enquiry, the Dissertation, or some of his Essays). Such hedonism clearly contrasts to its standard modern inheritance, expressed by the relation between preferences and utility.

The reason for such a difference with the usual approach lies in the mental process that Hume puts to the fore in order to explain the way pleasure determines desires and volition. Whereas pleasure is primarily, in Hume's words, an impression of sensation, it takes place in the birth of passions as reflecting an idea of pleasure, whose “force and vivacity” is precisely a “belief”, transferred to the direct passions of desire or volition that come immediately before action. As a result, from a Humean point of view, “belief” deals with decision under risk or uncertainty, as well as with intertemporal decision and indiscrimination problems.

The latter are explored within a formal framework, and it is shown that the relation of pleasure is transformed by belief into a non-empty class of relations of desire, among which at least one is a preorder.     

Globalization,Neoliberalism and the attack on social security

Neoliberal political movements advocate privatization of public pension systems. Globalization imposes pressure on nations to conform to neoliberal policy views with respect to the design and structure of social insurance, including public pension systems. The paper begins with an investigation of the economic, ethical and ideological dimensions of the privatization debates in the U.S.; it argues that privatization advocates may be largely moved by ideology, since the other reasons advanced appear weak or unfounded. The second part discusses the history of Social Security, the purposes for its creation, and some of its economic effects. Differences between public and private pension systems are considered. A brief international comparison of some aspects of public pension system finance and benefit structures is presented. The final section considers the ethical, macroeconomic and distributional implications of privatization, prefunding and payroll tax funding, and argues for a pay as you go system financed with income taxes. In order to promote equity, economic security, community, and social cohesion, public pension systems should be universal in coverage. In order to reduce the inequality, income insecurity, and aged poverty generated by market economies, public pension systems ought to be progressive: benefit/contribution ratios should be inversely proportional to income, and progressive income taxes should finance the system. To promote economic growth, the systems should be financed on a pay-as-you-go basis, and should not be prefunded except for an emergency reserve. The fiscal policy recommendations partially depend upon the theory developed by Abba Lerner in the 1940s, and recently advanced by Wynne Godley and Randy Wray: Lerner's “principle of functional finance.”     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Interest on reserves and inflation

The payment of interest on reserves has been a common practice in inflationary economies. This policy may seem paradoxical since it involves returning part of the seigniorage, generated by the inflation process, with the intention to finance the fiscal deficit. This paper argues that the motivation for this policy can be captured by the discretionary regime, where the policymaker pays interest on reserves because he is concerned with the erosion of real liquidity by inflation, which is in part beyond his control. However, this policy is an unlikely outcome in the commitment regime, where the policymaker is in full control of inflation.     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

Neurally reconstructing expected utility

While the concept of “expected utility” informs many theories of decision making, little is known about whether and how the human brain might compute this quantity. This article reviews a series of functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) experiments designed to localize brain regions that respond in anticipation of increasing amounts of monetary incentives. These studies collectively suggest that anticipation of increasing monetary gains activates a subcortical region of the ventral striatum in a magnitude-proportional manner. This ventral striatal activation is not evident during anticipation of losses. Actual gain outcomes instead activate a region of the mesial prefrontal cortex. During anticipation of gain, ventral striatal activation is accompanied by feelings characterized by increasing arousal and positive valence. These findings affirm the role of emotion in the anticipation of incentives, and may provide an initial step towards a neural reconstruction of expected utility.     

Duplication, Growth and ‘Total Return Economics’

Maintenance consumption is an expense recovered in product prices, yet also a source of taste satisfaction which must be exhausted, rather than reinvested, from the capital affording it. This riddle is solved in the duplication rules: the cost of maintenance consumption is recovered in pay and prices, but an equal flow is exhausted from the human capital of the worker earning the pay. The rules impact tradition in several ways. If output is defined in principle as value added, then it cannot also be described as consumption plus net investment without double-counting the maintenance consumption recovered in prices. Also rate of return in the stationary state is not zero, but is the rate sufficient to offset the exhaustion of individual human capital. The rules lead to new insights into economic return, and support an argument that all growth at the scale of closure is due to productivity gain rather than to thrift.