我国住房抵押贷款证券化的探讨

我国住房抵押贷款市场正处于跨越式发展的阶段,衍生产品及金融创新还处于起步和萌芽状态,本文分析了我国住房抵押贷款证券化的积极意义,结合美国次贷危机分析了相关风险,并提出了相关建议。     

我国住房抵押贷款证券化的探讨

我国住房抵押贷款市场正处于跨越式发展的阶段,衍生产品及金融创新还处于起步和萌芽状态,本文分析了我国住房抵押贷款证券化的积极意义,结合美国次贷危机分析了相关风险,并提出了相关建议.     

美国次级住房抵押贷款及证券化探析

本文主要介绍了美国次级抵押贷款市场、及次级抵押贷款的证券化产品—住房抵押贷款支持证券(MBS)及担保债务权证(CDO)。美国房地产抵押贷款市场分为三类:优级贷款市场、次优级贷款市场及次级贷款市场。同时美国住房抵押贷款市场分为一级市场和二级市场。一级市场为住房抵押贷款发放市场,二级市场为住房抵押贷款证券化市场。住房抵押贷款发放机构为了回收流动性,将住房抵押贷款出售给房利美和房地美和其他一些金融机构。这些金融机构将住房抵押贷款打包发行MBS。以次级住房抵押贷款为基础发行的MBS又连同其他资产被重新打包,发行CDO。本文还就次级住房抵押贷款证券化过程中存在的问题作了分析。     

我国商业银行个人住房抵押贷款风险分析——美国次贷危机对我国的启示

观察美国次贷危机,对比一下中国的住房抵押贷款市场,加强对个人住房抵押贷款风险的防范十分必要.本文分析了次贷危机对我国商业银行个人住房贷款业务的警示,并提出了银行房地产信贷的风险防范措施,以期在住房抵押贷款风险防范方面能引以借鉴.     

美国次贷危机对我国房地产资产证券化的启示

随着我国住房抵押贷款余额的进一步增加,商业银行面临流动性风险,所以急需推动住房抵押贷款证券化的实施.文章结合次贷危机分析了美国住房抵押贷款的证券化模式,指出我国可以借鉴美国模式.但是需要从次贷危机中吸取一定的教训,使得我国住房抵押贷款证券化更好地发展.     

加快推进我国住房抵押贷款证券化进程的对策探析

资产证券化过程不是积累风险,而是在分散实体经济和银行系统中积累的巨大风险.住房抵押贷款证券化对我国国民经济的发展意义重大,并且已经引起我国政府和资本市场的关注.本文论述了我国目前房地产证券化的现状与问题,并提出了推进我国住房抵押贷款证券化的建议,最后论述了美国次贷危机我国住房抵押贷款证券化的启示.     

房利美和房地美拖累美国基金

次贷危机阴云未散,对美国两大住房抵押贷款机构房利美和房地美打击很大。这两家公司主要通过为住房市场提供抵押贷款,然后把抵押资产打包证券化推向市场来获取收入。这种受到政府支持的活动,帮助众多美国人实现了自有住房梦。然而,自次贷危机以来,美国住房市场江河日下,愈来愈多的人因还不起房贷,致使房屋被贷款机构收回,触发了房利美和房地美的盈利危机。     

我国商业银行个人住房抵押贷款风险分析——美国次贷危机对我国的启示

观察美国次贷危机,对比一下中国的住房抵押贷款市场,加强对个人住房抵押贷款风险的防范十分必要。本文分析了次贷危机对我国商业银行个人住房贷款业务的警示,并提出了银行房地产信贷的风险防范措施,以期在位房抵押贷款风险防范方面能引以借鉴。     

从美国住房抵押贷款二级市场看我国住房抵押贷款证券化的发展

一、美国的住房抵押贷款二级市场 1.美国住房抵押贷款二级市场的发展 美国住房抵押贷款二级市场的发展一直遵循着防范风险这样的一条规律,包括风险的降低与分散.在住房抵押贷款市场上,金融机构主要面临着违约风险、流动性风险、利率风险与提前还款风险,从美国住房抵押贷款二级市场的发展过程中可以看到其对以上几种风险的化解意图,住房抵押贷款证券的产生及证券品种的创新都起到了降低与分散风险的作用.     

我国住房抵押贷款证券化实践方案分析

住房抵押贷证券化(MBS)是近30年来最重要的金融创新工具之一,自70年代美国发行首张住房抵押贷款支持证券以来,住房抵押贷款证券化已在全球多个国家得到广泛运用,促进了发行国住房信贷资金的筹集,并使住房金融多元化竞争形势得以确立。     

Debt and Taxes and Uncertainty

With a graduated personal tax schedule, Miller showed that there could be an equilibrium debt supply for the corporate sector as a whole. In the presence of uncertainty there is also a unique debt/equity ratio for each individual firm, and this ratio is related to the firm's operational risk characteristics. However, if firms merge and spin off in response to tax incentives, the identity of firms is ambiguous and only the corporate sector is a meaningful construct. These arguments are developed in both discrete and continuous models that employ extensions of the arbitrage-free pricing theory.     

教育与资本怎样的前景怎样的现实

来自政府的声音: "动员各种社会资源,发展教育" 此次论坛上财政部长助理张少春的发言是最受关注的发言之一.他的演讲传达出的信息有这样几方面:第一,谈到现实,他认为全社会对教育的巨大需求与我国公共投入不足已成为我国教育事业发展的突出矛盾.近年来,以公共部门投入为主,多渠道筹措教育经费的教育投入机制成为解决这一问题的重要途径,也使得公共部门与私营部门在教育领域的合作日益密切.第二,谈到前景,他认为,1.中国经济持续、快速的增长对高技能人才产生巨大的需求,这为私营部门的参与提供了广阔空间.2.随着公共财政职能的不断完善,财政资金将在各项教育事业中重新进行分配,进一步优化财政支出结构,提高资金的使用效率.在"十一五"期间,我国将把公共支出的重点转移到农村.我们将逐步把全体农村适龄儿童的义务教育全部纳入公共财政体制.     

East and west and north and south : A preliminary model

The Brandt report and other proposals for a new North-South world order continue to be the focus of lively debate, yet it is often argued that little concrete has emerged from their recommendations. A major reason for this, the author argues, is that the East-West conflict component is not sufficiently taken into consideration-East-West tensions are a severe constraint on and a determining factor of North-South relations. Using influence diagrams, the author develops a flexible framework for discussion and assessment of N/S-E/W relations.     

Director gender and mergers and acquisitions

Does director gender influence CEO empire building? Does it affect the bid premium paid for target firms? Less overconfident female directors less overestimate merger gains. As a result, firms with female directors are less likely to make acquisitions and if they do, pay lower bid premia. Using acquisition bids by S&P 1500 companies during 1997–2009 we find that each additional female director is associated with 7.6% fewer bids, and each additional female director on a bidder board reduces the bid premium paid by 15.4%. Our findings support the notion that female directors help create shareholder value through their influence on acquisition decisions. We also discuss other possible interpretations of our findings.     

Political corruption and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between political corruption and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that local corruption increases firm acquisitiveness but decreases firm targetiveness. The levels of corruption in acquirer areas relate positively to the bid premiums and negatively to the likelihood of deal completion. Corruption motivates acquiring firms to use excess cash for payment, which mitigates the negative effect of corruption on acquirer shareholder value. The evidence indicates that acquisitions help acquiring firms convert cash into hard-to-extract assets and relocate assets from the high to low corruption areas, thereby shielding their liquid assets from expropriation by local officials.     

Trust and cross-border mergers and acquisitions

A number of studies suggest that social trust matters for investment. Using different measures of trust from World Values Survey, we show that countries where people display higher levels of trust engage in more cross-border M&A activities. When they do, these acquirers pay lower premiums. To the extent that these acquirers also tend to engage in larger acquisitions as well, our findings suggest that a larger selection pool of potential targets and higher value targets enable these acquirers to negotiate for lower premiums. We do not find evidence of the significant effect for target country trust levels. Hence, trust may benefit those acquiring firms in cross-border transactions.     

Tournament-based incentives and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between tournament-based incentives, which are proxied by the difference between a firm's CEO pay and the median pay of the senior managers, and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that tournament-based incentives are positively related to firm acquisitiveness and acquiring firms' stock and operating performance. Further analysis indicates that positive acquisition performance increases the likelihood of the CEO being promoted from inside the acquiring firm. Our evidence is consistent with the view that tournament-based incentives motivate acquiring firms' managers to make greater efforts and take more risk that result in superior acquisition performance.     

Corporate Innovations and Mergers and Acquisitions

Using a large and unique patent‐merger data set over the period 1984 to 2006, we show that companies with large patent portfolios and low R&D expenses are acquirers, while companies with high R&D expenses and slow growth in patent output are targets. Further, technological overlap between firm pairs has a positive effect on transaction incidence, and this effect is reduced for firm pairs that overlap in product markets. We also show that acquirers with prior technological linkage to their target firms produce more patents afterwards. We conclude that synergies obtained from combining innovation capabilities are important drivers of acquisitions.