论供应链条件下的零库存管理

实行供应链管理是企业降低物流成本的最佳策略,为了获取最小化的成本,一个重要的方面就是供应链节点企业必须有效地管理供应链中的库存.本文针对国内企业的库存现状,分析其特点,提出了零库存管理的概念,重点探索了零库存的实质、意义及几种实施方法.     

供应链管理环境下的库存控制研究

研究供应链管理环境下企业库存控制方法,对于节约供应链成本、提高供应链整体效率有重要意义。本文从分析供应链管理环境下库存控制在实践中所出现的各种问题入手,阐述了供应链环境下库存控制的新特点,有针对性地提出解决问题的策略和方法。     

清华-北卡共同打造全球供应链领袖

在竞争日趋激烈的今天,全球范围内的资源配置,正考验着中国企业的供应链管理和物流能力。在中国制造型企业的转型升级过程中,供应链管理和物流能力将扮演极其重要的角色。如何制定完善的供应链规划,从而控制成本、提高周转效率,是摆在中国企业面前的重要课题。     

供应链管理对企业竞争力的促进作用

随着管理模式的发展,供应链管理将企业之间的竞争转变为供应链之间的竞争,有效的供应链管理正成为赢得竞争优势的重要源泉。良好的供应链管理,可以使企业在进入新市场、开发新产品,改善售后服务、提高用户满意程度,降低库存和成本,提高工作效率等方面获得满意的效果。     

煤炭企业供应链管理优化问题浅析

目前,我国煤炭企业的供应链管理体系尚不完善,造成很多企业经营成本较高,降低了企业的盈利水平和顾客满意度,不利于煤炭企业整体竞争力的提升,在当前背景下研究该问题具有重要的现实意义。本文首先分析了煤炭企业供应链管理现状并指出其存在的问题,在此基础上提出了优化供应链管理的改进思路及具体措施,以期对煤炭企业供应链管理优化提供参考。     

石油石化企业供应链整合与优化初探

当前石油石化企业油气供应链管理存在专业化程度不高、效率效益显性化不够、资源共享不够、拓展能力不强、支撑能力不强等问题,中国石油、中国石化的供应链物流成本具有巨大的整合优化提升空间。运用供应链整合与优化理论,借鉴国家军改、行业企业等整合与优化的成功经验,针对石油石化行业供应链存在的问题,创新性提出“集团管总、专业主供、区域主销”供应链整合与优化思路和模型,从体系优化、专业协同、资源共享、过程管理、数据增值、生态打造、联盟构建、绿色发展等维度提出具体措施,推动供应链由垂直独立运营向专业化一体化运营转变,为促进石油石化企业供应链管理效能提升、成本降低及竞争实力增强进行有益探索。     

供应链管理成就企业未来

随着信息技术的发展与管理思维的创新,有效的供应链管理已成为企业赢得竞争优势的重要源泉.供应链是指企业在生产及流通过程中,为将商品或服务提供给最终消费者,连接上游和下游共同创造价值而形成的组织网络.而供应链管理是指对商品、信息和资金在内的供应商、制造商、分销商和顾客组成的网络管理.以最小的成本和费用提供最大的价值和最好的服务是供应链有效管理的关键.成功的供应链管理应该能够协调并结合供应联中所有活动,最终成为无缝连接的一体化过程.有人预言,21世纪的市场竞争将不是企业和企业之间的竞争,而是供应链和供应链之间的竞争,任何一个企业只有与别的企业结成供应链才有可能取得竞争的主动权.     

供应链下油田企业采购管理研究

在供应链下的油田企业管理中,采购管理是极为重要的工作内容,其直接关系到企业的生产费用成本。因此,油田企业应当加强采购管理控制,使其成本降低,才可以为油田企业创造更高的经济效益。基于供应链的企业采购管理策略,能够在一定意义上为采购管理提供科学合理的基础。     

谈精益成本管理

<正>一、精益成本管理概述精益成本管理思想的精髓在于追求最小供应链成本。在供应链的各个环节中不断地消除不为客户增值的作业,杜绝浪费,从而达到降低供应链成本,提高供应链效率的目的,最大限度地满足客户特殊化多样化的需求,使企业的竞争力不断增强。     

精益建筑供应链下建筑企业核心竞争力分析

精益建筑供应链管理是一种新的建设项目管理模式,该模式对建筑企业核心竞争力的构建起到促进作用.文章分析了精益建筑供应链模式下建筑企业核心竞争力,指出了该模式能使建筑企业更好管理建设工程,能使企业在工程项目质量、工期和成本方面获得相应的核心竞争力.提出了在精益建筑供应链下建筑企业核心竞争力的构建要点.     

Strategic marketing in global supply chains: Four challenges

Supply chain management has emerged as a critical arena in which firms can find significant cost reduction opportunities, giving them a cost advantage over competitors. When supply chain management orientations are adopted by several firms in a supply chain, together they can significantly reduce supply chain costs pitting supply chain against supply chain. However, the pursuit of cost savings opportunities is not the only objective of supply chain management. Superior supply chain management can facilitate marketing strategy and lead to the creation of superior customer value, satisfaction, and loyalty, which in turn lead to improved product profit margins, overall firm profitability, and overall corporate growth. However, marketing strategy is problematic in global supply chains. Specifically, four significant strategic marketing challenges exist that relate to the development and execution of marketing strategy in global supply chains. This article draws attention to these challenges to stimulate managerial and research efforts that will move marketing strategy through the 21st century.     

A strategic skill based model of supplier integration and its effect on supply management performance

Supplier integration is a tool to help organizations gain competitive advantage. Strategic supply management skills and the supply management function's perceived status are hypothesized as antecedents to supplier integration leading to supply management performance. The sample for this study includes 152 executive level supply management professionals. The empirical results suggest that strategic skills and perceived status are essential antecedents to supplier integration and subsequent performance. Further, the relationship between strategic skills and performance is mediated by supplier integration. Results of a dominance analysis also suggest which strategic skills are most likely to explain status integration, and performance. These findings have significant implications for supply management theory and practice.     

Structuring and contracting in competing supply chains

This paper considers two competing supply chains, each with multiple upstream suppliers producing complementary products and selling to a single buyer (e.g., assembler or retailer), who then sells the finished assembled product to a market that involves both demand uncertainty and competition. Our main research questions focus on what supply chain structure (integration vs. decentralization) and which contracting strategy a business should choose. We find that supply chains that decentralize perform better under strong market competition (i.e., high degree of product substitution between supply chains). However, when a large number of suppliers exist, supply chains that integrate perform better. When decentralized structures are used for both supply chains, a consignment with revenue sharing contract generally outperforms a wholesale price contract from the downstream retailer's point of view. Interestingly, for a supplier, a wholesale price contract, which pushes all demand risks to the downstream retailer, might not be preferred. For the entire supply chain, one contract strategy can outperform another depending on the degree of competition, the cost share of the buyer, and the number of suppliers.     

Setting operating policies for supply hubs

This paper deals with the joint management of operations at the supply hub for the customer and the upstream supplier. Different operating conditions are considered, namely, backordering, minimum and maximum specified inventory levels. Some analytical insights on better managing suppliers operating under a vendor managed inventory program are presented. Essentially, we show that the penalty cost imposed on over- and under-stocking, and the min–max policy for hub inventory reside in the power of the hub operator. The relationship between supply hub policy and performance measures is quite complex and non-linear in nature. We suggest a structured hierarchical approach which can help supply hub in achieving balance between various parties involved in chain. A numerical example and an algorithm are included to highlight this result.     

Strategic Internet application trends in supply chain management

The Internet is evolving as a powerful force in the new marketplace where the nexus of competition has changed from individual firms to efficient supply chain networks both between firms and within industries. This study explores Internet adoption patterns and operational applications in US supply chain networks. The data reveal that the integration of the Internet into supply chain management applications has increased and has moved away from indiscriminate application of novel Internet technologies towards becoming a focused endeavor with precise expectations and measurable goals. Specifically, the study finds that Internet usage within supply chains is maturing as evidenced by enhanced and increased productivity, reduced costs and increased profit for participating firms.     

Supply chain cost management and value-based pricing

Continued deflationary trends in many markets around the world are creating greater pressure for cost reduction in order that margins can be maintained. Customers and consumers are increasingly value driven and consequently less brand or supplier loyal. In this challenging world, there is a growing recognition that creative pricing strategies combined with effective supply chain management provide opportunities for significant cost reduction and increased profits. This paper presents evidence to support this viewpoint and suggests an approach to supply chain alignment that can enable cost reduction opportunities to be identified and higher profits to be achieved through collaborative strategies.     

A vendor managed inventory supply chain with deteriorating raw materials and products

Fast deteriorating raw materials such as raw milk, fruit and vegetables are commonly used to produce slowly deteriorating finished products such as milk powders, cheeses, and pastas. This paper studies a Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) type supply chain where the manufacturing vendor decides how to manage the system-wide inventories of its fast deteriorating raw material and its slowly deteriorating product. The decision variables are a common replenishment cycle of the product and the replenishment frequency of the raw material. We assume the deteriorating rates are known constants and every retailer's demand is deterministic. We develop an integrated model to calculate the total inventory and deterioration cost for such a system. We prove the convexity of the cost functions, and based on this a golden search algorithm is developed to find the optimal solution of the model. Our numerical results show that the deteriorating rate of the product may increase the total cost by more than 40% compared to the zero-deteriorating rate, while the deteriorating raw material has less impact on the total cost (commonly less than 5% in our numerical examples). This indicates that more attention should be paid to the product than the raw material. Further, an increase in the number of retailers can make the replenishment frequency of the raw material increase significantly but the common replenishment cycle of the product decreases a little. This indicates that adding a new retailer would not be felt strongly by the other retailers but would be felt by the supplier of the raw material.     

Applying activity-based costing in a supply chain environment

Traditional intra-firm cost accounting tools are not appropriate in the context of supply chain management, as there are no standards for the definition and composition of costs. This prohibits exchange and comparison of cost data among different supply chain members. Against this background, several activity-based costing models for inter-firm cost accounting have been proposed. Evaluating these models, a conceptual framework for activity-based costing in a supply chain has been developed. This also forms the basis for a single case study conducted at Europe's largest company for façade components. This demonstrates how significant inter-firm cost saving opportunities can be identified and offers a first step in assessing the suitability of the proposed model.     

Inter-temporal inventory competition and the effects of capacity constraints

This paper addresses an intertemporal inventory competition between a supplier (a provider, manufacturer) and a retailer engaged in a supply chain. The paper's focus is on the effect of capacity constraints on both parties when demands are seasonal. The paper provides a comparative study of two solution approaches, one is based on supply chain competition and the other is based on system wide optimization. Our results demonstrate that with dynamic inventory competition, the retailer reduces inventory costs by reducing the response period to higher demands while increasing the supply requests compared to the system-wide optimal approach. As a result, the supplier's inventory costs increase. An example illustrating these particular facets of the problem and its application is presented and discussed in light of the supplier and the retailer coordinating policies.     

Robust supply base management: Determining the optimal number of suppliers utilized by contractors

The importance of robust supply base management under demand uncertainty requires an understanding of the benefits associated with a contractor having an optimal number of suppliers. The key benefit is a reduction in a contractor's total cost of supply base management. However, few supplier-optimizing models incorporate the perspectives of both demand uncertainty and supply base management costs. The objective of this paper is twofold: (1) to investigate the dynamics between demand uncertainty and coordination; and (2) to develop a model that determines the optimal number of suppliers that a contractor should maintain in its supply base to become more flexible and maximize its profits.