浅析我国政府金融投资监管制度改革与创新

政府金融投资是推动我国经济持续增长的重要因素。在未来一段时间内,政府金融投资仍然是中国经济增长的主要推动力之一研究现阶段我国政府金融投资具有十分重要的理论和现实意义。政府金融投资项目总体规模巨大,然而,由于多方因素的影响。多年来,对政府金融投资项目的监管始终没有突破性的改进。政府金融投资项目产生各种弊病,不仅难以产生经济效益,还影响了政府金融投资的社会效益。为此,政府金融投资项目的管理体制亟待进行改革。本文针对我国政府金融投资监管、监管的问题、监管制度所存在的问题加以分析并且结合我国政府金融投资的实际情况提出符合国情的政府金融投资监管体系。     

贵州丹寨:力推项目增效节资

贵州省丹寨县将政府投资项目的资金监管和审计实施全程跟踪,做到了检查和审计"同部署、同检查、同落实",较好地规范了资金的管理和使用,力推政府投资项目增效节资。为确保政府投资项目实现"阳光操作",资金用在刀刃上,发挥效益,该县将政府投资项目的资金监管、项目建设     

金融支持西部生态环保的融资渠道

优化西部地区的生态投融资环境一、财政税收方面 ,主要是加大政府投资的资金筹集力度。一是要实行特殊的财税政策 ,主要包括 :凡是过去对东部地区实行的优惠财税政策 ,都应当适用于西部地区生态保护项目 ;建立生态保税区、航空港 ,以吸引外部投资 ;制定发达地区多交税利与技术转让以支持西部地区生态保护的具体政策 ;对从事生态环境保护的企业和项目实行差别税率制度。二是中央财政要加快建立规范化的转移支付制度 ,并根据西部地区的实际情况设立专项转移支付 ,用于特定的环保发展项目 ,创造民间资本和外资进入的良好条件。三是采取为西部地…     

基于浮动回报的PPP融资模式风险规制研究

财税体制改革背景下,创新融资方式,运用PPP模式调动社会存量资金,有利于解决地方政府现阶段融资约束与资金来源短缺的矛盾。然而,在项目运作方式和风险管理上,西部地区推进PPP项目暴露出一些问题。基于浮动回报率的理论模型,揭示地方政府与市场投资主体的博弈关系,创新西部地区实施PPP项目的优化路径。     

简讯

正江苏东台:强化源头管控规范政府投资行为2013年以来,江苏省东台市采取一系列措施,进一步加强政府投资项目资金监管工作。一是强化监管责任。成立由市长、常务副市长和市政府办、财政局、审计局等部门主要负责人组成的领导小组,负责政府投资项目资金及政府债务、土地收益、资产处置等监管工作的统筹协调、部署落实和督查推进。二是明确监管范围。出台了《关于进一步加强政府投资项目资金监管的意见》,从加强项目的计划管理、资金管理、融资控管等五个方面规范工程建设资金的筹集、分配和使用管理,杜绝跑     

对金融业支持我国西部大开发战略的思考

一、加大对西部地区的信贷倾斜力度 相对于沿海地区,西部地区的生产力发展水平低、财政入不敷出、依靠地方政府投资难度大。资本市场欠发达、直接融资占比很小,经济发展主要依靠信贷资金。银行信贷资金的及时注入,对于扶植基础设施等项目的建设、改善投资环境、提高资本的边际收益率有着重要的意义。只有投资环境得到改善,西部地区才能吸引众多的民间资本和其它资金,为西部地区经济的进一步发展创造条件。     

平泉县政府投资管理彰显“六制六性”

为规范和加强政府投资项目资金管理，进～步提高财政资金使用效益，河北省平泉县对政府投资项目资金实施了源头控管制、专户管理制、投资评审制、政府采购制、全程监管制和责任追究制，从而提高政府投资项目资金管理的规范化、透明度和效率。     

现行预算管理体制下基建资金支付管理探讨──以杭州中小学为例

杭州市中小学由于本身的单位性质,其基本建设都属于政府投资项目,但是由于现行预算体制及市政府考核机制的要求,基建资金支付中出现了农民工工资支付、资金安全性、延期后的资金支付等难点,为此需普遍执行财政直接拨付制,构建多部门联合监管体系,强化建设单位内控制度等措施来协同解决。     

论政府行为杠杆机制的构造与西部资金问题的破解

经济的发展，离不开资金的投入。然而在实施“西部大开发”的过程中，资金问题成为了地区发展的“瓶颈”。这就需要构造政府行为的杠杆机制，通过政府的资金供给和制度供给，营造适宜的制度环境，以吸引和诱导民间资本参与西部地区开发，从而破解西部地区的资金难题。     

政府工程投资控制中的六大主要问题

在新增4万亿元政府投资计划中,如果监管不到位,相关政府投资项目建设资金的＂跑、冒、滴、漏＂等问题很可能会更加突出     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.