The structure and infrastructure of Finnish research literature

The structure and infrastructure of the Finnish research literature is determined. A representative database of technical articles was extracted from the Science Citation Index for the years 2003-2004, with each article containing at least one author with a Finnish address. Document clustering was used to identify the main technical themes (core competencies) of Finnish research. Four of the pervasive technical topics identified from the clustering (Wireless Networks and Mobile Communication, Signal Processing, Materials Science and Engineering, Chemistry) were analyzed further using bibliometrics, in order to identify the infrastructure of these research areas. Finally, the citation performance of Finnish research in the four pervasive technical topics above, and in other technical topics obtained by analysis of Abstract phrases, was compared to that of two Scandanavian countries with similar population and GDP, Norway and Denmark.     

The structure and infrastructure of Mexico's science and technology

The structure and infrastructure of the Mexican technical literature was determined. A representative database of technical articles was extracted from the Science Citation Index for the year 2002, with each article containing at least one author with a Mexican address. Many different manual and statistical clustering methods were used to identify the structure of the technical literature (especially the science and technology core competencies). One of the pervasive technical topics identified from the clustering, thin films research, was analyzed further using bibliometrics, in order to identify the infrastructure of this technology.     

Assessment of India's research literature

The structure and infrastructure of the Indian research literature were determined. A representative database of technical articles was extracted from the Science Citation Index/Social Science Citation Index (SCI/SSCI) [SCI. Certain data included herein are derived from the Science Citation Index/Social Science Citation Index prepared by the THOMSON SCIENTIFIC®, Inc. (Thomson®), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA: ©Copyright THOMSON SCIENTIFIC® 2006. All rights reserved. [1]] for 2005, with each article containing at least one author with an India address. Document clustering was used to identify the main technical themes (core competencies) of Indian research. Aggregate India bibliometrics were also performed, emphasizing the value of collaborative research to India. A unique mapping approach was used to identify networks of organizations that published together, networks of organizations with common technical interests, and especially those organizations with common technical interests that did not co-publish extensively. Finally, trend analyses were performed using other year data from the SCI/SSCI to place the 2005 results in their proper historical context.     

Global nanotechnology research literature overview

Text mining was used to extract technical intelligence from the open source global nanotechnology and nanoscience research literature (SCI/SSCI databases). Identified were: (1) the nanotechnology/nanoscience research literature infrastructure (prolific authors, key journals/institutions/countries, most cited authors/journals/documents); (2) the technical structure (pervasive technical thrusts and their inter-relationships); (3) nanotechnology instruments and their relationships; (4) potential nanotechnology applications, (5) potential health impacts and applications; and (6) seminal nanotechnology literature. Our results are summarized in this paper.     

基于CiteSpace的国外商业模式创新研究可视化分析

运用CiteSpace软件,基于Web of Science(WOS)数据进行可视化分析,归纳总结商业模式创新研究现状,包括研究网络主体、关键节点、热点关键词、突现词。在探索研究商业模式创新的发展现状的基础上,分析商业模式创新研究热点、前沿和发展趋势,为促进商业模式创新的深入研究提供参考。     

Aggregate infrastructure capital stock and long-run growth: Evidence from Finnish data

In this paper, Bayesian methods and the Finnish aggregate infrastructure capital series from 1860 to 2003 are used to explore how government infrastructure policy affects long-run output growth. We use Finnish data, since to the best of our knowledge the Finnish land and water construction investments series is the best available sufficiently long time series on aggregate infrastructure investments. The Finnish data provide strong and robust evidence indicating that permanent changes in government infrastructure policy have permanent effects on the growth rate of output.     

“十四五”时期区域科技基础设施体系架构研究——以江苏省为例

区域科技基础设施体系是区域科技创新的重要基础条件和支撑力量。借鉴现有研究成果，从狭义和广义角度对科技基础设施的内涵进行辨析，提出狭义投入角度和广义功能角度的区域科技基础设施体系框架；以科技基础设施建设的典型代表江苏省为例，基于广义角度分析江苏省科技基础设施体系建设现状，找出存在的薄弱环节，提出“十四五”时期江苏科技基础设施体系建构的对策建议。     

Tracking emerging technologies in energy research: Toward a roadmap for sustainable energy

Science and technology for renewable and sustainable energy are indispensable for our future society and economics. To meet the goal of sustainable energy development, there is a growing body of research efforts world wide. The planner of energy research has to grasp the broader coverage of scientific and technological research, and make decisions on effective investment in promising and emerging technologies especially under circumstances of limited resources. In this paper, we track emerging research domains in energy research by using citation network analysis. Our analysis confirms that the fuel cell and solar cell are rapidly growing domains in energy research. We further investigate the detailed structure of these two domains by clustering publications in these domains. Each citation cluster has characteristic research topics, and there is a variety of growth trends among the clusters. By using citation network analysis, we can track emerging research domains among a pile of publications efficiently and effectively.     

组织合法性：微观层面的理论研究与前沿分析

组织合法性作为企业生存发展的重要资源，一直是学界研究热点。基于CiteSpace可视化分析软件，依据Web of Science数据库2008-2017年已有文献，绘制组织合法性引文聚类图、关键词演化趋势图及最近180天高频关键词分布图，对微观层面组织合法性引文关系、热点议题进行分析。研究发现：①在微观层面组织合法性研究中，以企业方面的研究最为突出；②在组织合法性研究中，企业社会责任理论、市场划分理论等是最新凸显的研究视角；③组织合法性战略及组织合法性获取仍是该研究阶段热点，其中组织合法性双刃性研究是最新凸显的议题。     

基于文献综述法的硬科技创新研究现状与识别方法研究

硬科技创新是实体经济和原创性高精尖科技的结合,对我国未来创新驱动发展起着巨大推动作用,有助于我国形成核心竞争力。识别硬科技创新将有助于引导社会投资,从而抢占经济制高点。本文通过硬科技研究主题检索和其他相关文献搜集梳理现阶段硬科技创新研究文献,从中总结出硬科技具有科学家深度参与、创新性、战略性三个主要特点,并与突破性创新、颠覆性创新做出区分,提出硬科技创新识别应该从识别学术型发明人出发,挖掘领域内学术型发明人研究主题,尤其是高校及科研院所内长期研究且资本密集度高的研究主题,为后续相关研究提供思路。     

Customer preferences versus managerial decision-making in open innovation communities: the case of Starbucks

Customers can participate in open innovation communities posting innovation ideas, which in turn can receive comments and votes from the rest of the community, highlighting user preferences. However, the final decision about implementing innovations corresponds to the company. This paper is focused on the customers' activity in open innovation communities. The aim is to identify the main topics of customers' interests in order to compare these topics with managerial decision-making. The results obtained reveal first that both votes and comments can be used to predict user preferences; and second, that customers tend to promote those innovations by reporting more comfort and benefits. In contrast, managerial decisions are more focused on the distinctive features associated with the brand image.     

The impact of public investment in medical imaging technology: an interagency collaboration in evaluation

The Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI) and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) allied to analyze the impact of their investments in medical imaging research. The CFI funds capital and operating programs for research infrastructure, and CIHR's mandate concentrates its funding on research activity. It happens that CIHR-funded research consumes CFI-funded infrastructure as an input in the innovation process. Apart from a few partnered programs, by design there is no coordination between CFI and CIHR funding decisions. Together, these agencies invested $916 million over a 14-year-period. In this paper, we evaluate the economic and health benefits from advancements in one funded area, namely computed tomography perfusion (CTP). CTP is an imaging technique that uses computed tomography to measure blood flow in organs and tissues. It is mostly used to assess acute ischemic stroke. The net social benefits attributable to these investments are substantially positive: the benefit-to-cost ratio is estimated to be between 6.66-to-1 and 9.99-to-1. We review how public investments from multiple funders comingle in the innovation process to deliver social value and improved health outcomes.     

Does the new digital infrastructure improve total factor productivity?

Improving total factor productivity (TFP) is essential to achieving high-quality and sustainable economic development. The existing literature mainly focuses on the impact of traditional infrastructure on TFP but generally ignores the role of new digital infrastructure in TFP and does not test impact mechanisms and whether there is heterogeneity in effects. Using panel data of 30 regions in China from 2006 to 2017, this paper analyzes the impact of new digital infrastructure on TFP and its mechanisms. The results are as follows: (1) New digital infrastructure can significantly improve regional TFP. After the robustness test, the results still support the findings. (2) New digital infrastructure can promote technological innovation, optimize factor allocation, and achieve economies of scale, thus improving TFP. (3) Further analysis shows that the positive effect of new digital infrastructure on TFP shows significant heterogeneity. In regions with high economic development levels, high research and development ( R&D) levels, and high traditional infrastructure development levels, the positive effect of new digital infrastructure on TFP is more obvious. These findings not only enrich the literature on digital infrastructure and economic growth but also serve as a reference for governmental departments as they optimize their strategy for developing digital infrastructure and realizing sustainable economic development.     

Re-evaluation of global innovation index based on a structural equation model

The Global Innovation Index (GII) was proposed to observe the innovation capability and efficiency levels of individual countries using input and output factors. However, it does not consider potential structural relationships among factors affecting the innovation performance of a country. In this study, we proposed a structural equation model (SEM) based on the hypothesised national innovation structure among seven factors representing inputs (institution, human capital and research, infrastructure, market sophistication, and business sophistication) and outputs (knowledge and technology outputs, and creative outputs). Using GII data from 2013, we discovered that business sophistication and infrastructure have the strongest direct and indirect effects on creative output, respectively. In addition, a new ranking is obtained based on the fitted SEM. We provide feedback information to improve innovation capabilities.     

Chinese science and technology — Structure and infrastructure

This paper identifies and analyzes the science and technology core competencies of China, based on a sampling of approximately half of the total Chinese publication output in the Science Citation Index/ Social Science Citation Index (SCI/SSCI) [SCI. Certain data included herein are derived from the Science Citation Index/Social Science Citation Index prepared by the Thomson Scientific®, Inc. (Thomson®), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA: © Copyright Thomson Scientific® 2006. All rights reserved. [1]] for 2005. Aggregate China publication and citation bibliometrics were obtained and a hierarchical research taxonomy, based on document clustering, was generated. Additionally, bibliometrics and thematic trends were tracked over the past two decades.The key findings were that China's output of research articles has significantly expanded in the last decade. In terms of sheer numbers of research articles, especially in cuting-edge technologies, such as nanotechnology and energetic materials, it is among the leaders. Compared to the USA, the bulk of China's articles focus on the physical and engineering sciences, while the USA articles (compared to China) focus on medical, social, and psychological sciences.     

交通基础设施、空间溢出与经济增长:来自中国的实证研究

This paper develops an empirical model to test the spatial spillover effects of transport infrastructure on economic growth. It uses spatial econometric techniques and provincial panel data of China from 1993 to 2004 to analyze the contribution of transport infrastructure to the economic growth of local province and its spatial spillover effects on the economic growth of other provinces. The main findings include: (1) Transport infrastructure and economic growth of China show an evident pattern of spatial clustering. They largely congregate in developed eastern coastal regions, forming a gradient gradually diminishing from east to west. (2) Output elasticity of local transport infrastructure is 0.106, between the values calculated by early researchers with time series data and panel data. (3) Spatial output spillovers from transport infrastructure are largely positive, but evidences of negative spatial spillovers are also found with population density spatial weights matrix model.      

The technology element model,path-dependent growth,and innovation policy

This paper uses a multi-element model of technology-based growth, including characterizations of both private and public components of such elements, to assess expansion paths for high-tech industries. Such a technology element model (TEM) maintains the traditional proprietary (excludable) technology element that directly results in innovations, while adding the ‘technology platform’ – a quasi-public (non-excludable) proof of concept that bridges the gap between an industry's science base and proprietary technology development, and a diverse technical infrastructure that has substantial impacts on industry productivity. These three elements are related to each other and to the production of technical knowledge by a homothetic technology production function. The TEM is then applied to assess the concept of constrained expansion paths. Such path dependence is shown to be a natural evolutionary process in that the evolving character of a technology over time is not necessarily the result of market failures. Finally, the TEM and the concept of path dependence are combined to assess the factors affecting both adaptive and allocative efficiency with respect to the expansion path, thereby better informing innovation policy.     

创新驱动下我国R&D研究演化及热点主题分析

无论是创新驱动战略实施还是科技创新能力提升都离不开R&D,通过R&D研究演化发现热点主题,可为后续研究提供参考借鉴。通过对我国1998-2018年以R&D为主题的文献进行梳理,借助文献计量学方法,运用信息可视化分析工具,对文献的关键词共现密度、关键词共现聚类和突变词等信息进行可视化图谱分析,研究R&D文献演化过程及热点主题。研究发现,20年来我国以R&D为主题的文献研究沿着“宏观面—微观面—宏观面”演化推进,并且政府补贴、融资约束、战略性新兴产业及创新效率与R&D的关系分析成为当前研究热点。     

Regional Industrial Renewal: The Growth of 'Antenna Technology' in West Sweden

The article analyses how a technical knowledge field ('antenna technology') is developed and exploited in a region (West Sweden). To identify regional actors, the paper outlines a way of delineating a technical knowledge field and its changes over time. Drawing on this, an historical account is given of the international and the regional development, focusing on the changing and expanding nature of industries and markets (from military to civilian applications) and technologies. The paper emphasizes the long regional history, providing experience, which together with a number of diversifications, has given regional actors a platform from which to exploit the growing economic utility of the technical knowledge. It is also shown why some applications have not been exploited in the region.     

创业失败研究的演化路径与热点领域——基于科学知识图谱

以Web of Science数据库收录的1999—2015年创业失败研究文献为研究对象,运用可视化软件CiteSpace V,分别绘制了创业失败研究的时空分布、文献共引与关键词共现知识图谱,据此探析了创业失败研究的时空分布、演化路径和热点领域。研究结果表明:美国学者引领创业失败研究,我国在此领域的研究文献数量总体稳步增加,相关研究紧跟国际前沿;创业失败研究的演化路径是,研究层面日趋多样化、研究方法以质化研究为主且实证研究日趋加强,创业失败管理与后续创业活动正取代创业失败的归因和影响而成为研究主流;创业失败研究的三大热点是创业失败与再创业活动的关系、创业失败学习以及创业失败管理。